Fatty acid and molecular species composition of rat brain phosphatidylcholine and-ethanolamine from birth to weaning

Lipids ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 757-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Crawford ◽  
M. A. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
Molecular Species Composition

Multiple Erythroid Isoforms of Human Long-Chain acyl-CoA Synthetases Are Produced by a Switch of the Fatty Acid Gate-Domains.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 1672-1672
Author(s):  
Eric Soupene ◽  
Frans A. Kuypers
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Substrate Specificity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
Molecular Species Composition ◽  
Phospholipid Molecular Species ◽  
Chain Acyl ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Plasma Membrane Phospholipid

Abstract In mammals, long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSL) are necessary for fatty acid degradation, phospholipid remodeling, and production of long acyl-CoA esters that regulate various physiological processes. These enzymes play a crucial role in plasma membrane phospholipid turnover in erythrocytes, maintaining the complex phospholipid molecular species composition essential for proper membrane function. The mechanism by which this highly dynamic turnover together with an ever-changing plasma fatty acid pool maintains phospholipid composition is poorly understood. We have previously cloned Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long-chain member 6 (ACSL6), the isoform responsible for activation of long-chain fatty acids in erythrocytes. Two additional transcript variants of this protein were subsequently isolated from brain and testis. We report the expression of four different variants of ACLS6 in reticulocytes, one as we originally reported, two of which are novel, one as was identified in brain cells. PCR amplifications using primers for the predicted variable regions were performed from cDNAs of CD34 positive erythroid progenitors, K562 cells, fetal blood cells, reticulocytes and placenta. ACSL variants were expressed in E. coli host BL21DE3 cells using the pET28a vector, and detected by His tag immuno detection. Sequence alignments were generated using sequences retrieved from RefSeq and GenBank databases on the NCBI site. Exon and intron definition for ACSL members were obtained using evidence viewer and model maker available at the map viewer page of each gene. We identified four different spliced variants of ACSL6 in erythroid cells based on a mutually exclusive exon pair. Each exon of this pair encodes a slightly different short motif that contains the fatty acid Gate domain, a conserved structural domain found in all vertebrate and invertebrate ACSL homologs. The motif differs in the presence of either the aromatic residue phenylalanine (Phe) or tyrosine (Tyr), and seems to play a role in substrate specificity. One of the new forms contained an exon not found in any other ACSL isoforms. Erythroid precursors also express the closely related ACSL1, and we characterized two additional isoforms of this protein, similar to ACSL6. When analyzed on denaturing SDS polyacrylamide gel both ACSL1 and 6 appeared to exist as a dimer. Based on our results, we propose the generation of two different Gate-domains by alternative splicing of the two exons in these proteins. One represents a switch of the Phe to the Tyr Gate-domain motif, the other resulted of the exclusion of both. Swapping of this motif appears to be common to all mammalian homologs of ACSL1 and 6. We conclude that the Phe to a Tyr substitution in the Gate-domain, or its removal, together with the formation of homo or heterodimers will allow ACSL6 the structural diversity to define substrate specificity that maintains the complex plasma membrane phospholipid molecular species composition in erythrocytes.

Effect of diet on the fatty acid and molecular species composition of dog retina phospholipids

Lipids ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1187-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Delton-Vandenbroucke ◽  
Maureen B. Maude ◽  
Huiming Chen ◽  
Gustavo D. Aguirre ◽  
Gregory M. Acland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
Molecular Species Composition

scholarly journals Molecular species composition of the major phospholipids in brain and retina from rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Occurrence of high levels of di-(n-3)polyunsaturated fatty acid species

1989 ◽  
Vol 264 (3) ◽  
pp. 909-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
M V Bell ◽  
D R Tocher
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Nervonic Acid ◽  
Molecular Species Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Species ◽  
The Brain

The molecular-species compositions of the diacyl classes of the major phospholipids from the brain and retina of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were determined. A total of 46 possible species was identified. Didocosahexaenoyl species were major components of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) from retina, comprising 14.1, 41.3 and 28.3% of the respective totals. This species was also abundant in PE and PS from brain, accounting for 14.9 and 19.9% of the totals respectively. Small amounts of di-polyunsaturated fatty acid species [C22:6(n-3) with C20:5(n-3), and C22:6(n-3) with C22:5(n-3)] were also found in these phospholipids. Phosphatidylinositol (PI) from both tissues contained no di-polyunsaturated fatty acid species. Retinal PI contained 40.1% C18:0-C20:4(n-6) with 14.9% of C18:0-C20:5(n-3); brain PI contained 42.3% of C18:0-C20:5 and 10.4% of C18:0-C20:4 species. Brain PC contained a substantial amount of nervonic acid-containing species with the pair C18:1-C24:1/C24:1-C18:1 comprising 8.9% of the total.

Molecular species of phospholipid in rats in primary and transplanted fibrosarcomas induced by soybean oil containing tocopherol acetate

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 655-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masataka Ishinaga ◽  
Masanori Tanimoto ◽  
Sumi Sugiyama ◽  
Rika Kumamoto ◽  
Kenjirou Yokoro
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transplanted Tumors ◽  
Molecular Species Composition ◽  
Tocopherol Acetate

When soybean oil containing tocopherol acetate was given to rats once a week subcutaneously for 10–12 months, it caused the development of fibrosarcomas at the injection site in 11 of 15 rats. A tumor produced in this manner proved eminently transplantable into other rats. The molecular species of phospholipid subclasses were determined in primary and transplanted tumors. The molecular species composition of the phospholipid subclasses in both types of tumors were similar. The percentages of diacyl and alkylacyl glycerophosphocholine (GPC) were 90–93 and 6–8% of total phosphatidylcholine, respectively. The percentages of diacyl and alkenylacyl glycerophosphoethanolamine (GPE) were 51 and 45%, respectively, of total phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Diacyl and alkylacyl GPC species containing arachidonic acid (20:4) composed about 15–16 and 37–40% of each subclass, respectively. Diacyl and alkenylacyl GPE species containing 20:4 composed about 38–40 and 56–60% of each subclass, respectively. Disaturated species of diacyl and alkylacyl GPC composed about 22–24 and 13% of each subclass, respectively, whereas these species of PE composed less than 2%. The fatty acid composition of the other tumor phospholipids was analyzed.Key words: phospholipids, molecular species, fibrosarcomas, tocopherol, soybean oil.

scholarly journals Differential effects of n-3 fatty acid deficiency on phospholipid molecular species composition in the rat hippocampus

2002 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahadev Murthy ◽  
Jillonne Hamilton ◽  
Rebecca S. Greiner ◽  
Toru Moriguchi ◽  
Norman Salem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Molecular Species Composition ◽  
Phospholipid Molecular Species ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Fatty Acid Deficiency

Molecular species composition of glycolipids from Sprirulina platensis

2002 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhu Xue ◽  
Yaqin Hu ◽  
Hiroaki Saito ◽  
Zhaohui Zhang ◽  
Zhaojie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
Molecular Species Composition
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