Serial cultivation of epithelial cells from human and macaque salivary glands

1991 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 939-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. Sabatini ◽  
B. Lynn Allen-Hoffmann ◽  
Thomas F. Warner ◽  
Edwin A. Azen
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Serial Cultivation

scholarly journals Single-Cell RNA-seq Identifies Cell Diversity in Embryonic Salivary Glands

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sekiguchi ◽  
D. Martin ◽  
K.M. Yamada ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Organ Specificity ◽  
Bud Initiation

Branching organs, including the salivary and mammary glands, lung, and kidney, arise as epithelial buds that are morphologically very similar. However, the mesenchyme is known to guide epithelial morphogenesis and to help govern cell fate and eventual organ specificity. We performed single-cell transcriptome analyses of 14,441 cells from embryonic day 12 submandibular and parotid salivary glands to characterize their molecular identities during bud initiation. The mesenchymal cells were considerably more heterogeneous by clustering analysis than the epithelial cells. Nonetheless, distinct clusters were evident among even the epithelial cells, where unique molecular markers separated presumptive bud and duct cells. Mesenchymal cells formed separate, well-defined clusters specific to each gland. Neuronal and muscle cells of the 2 glands in particular showed different markers and localization patterns. Several gland-specific genes were characteristic of different rhombomeres. A muscle cluster was prominent in the parotid, which was not myoepithelial or vascular smooth muscle. Instead, the muscle cluster expressed genes that mediate skeletal muscle differentiation and function. Striated muscle was indeed found later in development surrounding the parotid gland. Distinct spatial localization patterns of neuronal and muscle cells in embryonic stages appear to foreshadow later differences in adult organ function. These findings demonstrate that the establishment of transcriptional identities emerges early in development, primarily in the mesenchyme of developing salivary glands. We present the first comprehensive description of molecular signatures that define specific cellular landmarks for the bud initiation stage, when the neural crest–derived ectomesenchyme predominates in the salivary mesenchyme that immediately surrounds the budding epithelium. We also provide the first transcriptome data for the largely understudied embryonic parotid gland as compared with the submandibular gland, focusing on the mesenchymal cell populations.

scholarly journals Isolation and Serial Cultivation of Rabbit Skin Epithelial Cells

1978 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 288-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Chin Liu ◽  
Marvin Karasek
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Rabbit Skin ◽  
Serial Cultivation

Role of Fractalkine in the Pathogenesis of Primary Sjögren Syndrome: Increased Serum Levels of Fractalkine, Its Expression in Labial Salivary Glands, and the Association with Clinical Manifestations

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2425-2438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Ho Lee ◽  
Seung-Ki Kwok ◽  
Seung Min Jung ◽  
Jennifer Lee ◽  
Jae-Seon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sjogren Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Extraglandular Manifestations ◽  
Primary Sjögren Syndrome

Objective.To investigate the expression of fractalkine and identify the clinical effects of fractalkine and its receptor (CX3CR1) in patients with primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS).Methods.Serum fractalkine levels were determined by ELISA. Immunohistochemical staining was done to compare the expression of fractalkine and CX3CR1 between salivary glands (SG) of patients with SS and controls. The cells to be merged with fractalkine were evaluated by confocal microscopy. Type of CX3CR1-expressing cells among infiltrating lymphocytes in SG was analyzed by confocal microscopy. Further, associations among fractalkine, proinflammatory cytokines, and clinical profiles were investigated.Results.Serum fractalkine levels in patients with pSS were higher than those in the control group (p = 0.026). SG expression of fractalkine and its receptor was upregulated in patients with pSS compared to that in the controls by immunohistochemistry. Higher histological grade was associated with more fractalkine-positive cells per total epithelial cells. Epithelial cells were the main fractalkine-expressing cell type in the SG. Serum fractalkine levels were significantly correlated with proinflammatory cytokines levels (interleukin 17: r = 0.685, p = 0.029; tumor necrosis factor-α: r = 0.444, p = 0.003), antinuclear antibody (r = 0.349, p = 0.022), and immunoglobulin G levels (r = 0.325, p = 0.044). Serum fractalkine levels in patients with extraglandular manifestations of pSS were significantly higher than in those without extraglandular manifestations (p = 0.026).Conclusion.Fractalkine and CX3CR1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of pSS, including extraglandular manifestations.

Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors Block Apoptosis of Human Epithelial Cells of the Salivary Glands

2009 ◽  
Vol 1171 (1) ◽  
pp. 407-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margherita Sisto ◽  
Massimo D'Amore ◽  
Simone Caprio ◽  
Vincenzo Mitolo ◽  
Pasquale Scagliusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors ◽  
Human Epithelial Cells ◽  
Necrosis Factor

scholarly journals Nitric oxide loading of the salivary nitric-oxide-carrying hemoproteins (nitrophorins) in the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus.

1995 ◽  
Vol 198 (5) ◽  
pp. 1093-1098
Author(s):  
R H Nussenzveig ◽  
D L Bentley ◽  
J M Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
No Production ◽  
Synthetase Activity ◽  
Diaphorase Activity ◽  
Blood Sucking

The salivary glands of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus are formed by a single layer of binucleated epithelial cells surrounded by a double layer of transversely oriented smooth muscle cells. The epithelial cells are rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria and have abundant microvillar projections towards the gland lumen. This cell layer surrounds a relatively large cavity where abundant secretory material is stored. Epithelial cells produce an intense and generalized NADPH diaphorase reaction, in contrast to other tissues such as brain, Malpighian tubules and skeletal muscle. Ultrastructural analysis of the osmiophilic reaction product indicates that it is localized within cytoplasmic vacuoles, a similar location to that of NADPH diaphorase (NO synthetase) activity in neuronal cells of vertebrates. Measurements of the time course of protein accumulation, NADPH diaphorase activity and the degree of nitrosylation of hemoproteins (nitrophorins) in the salivary glands of Rhodnius prolixus nymphs after a blood meal indicate that the nitrophorins are synthesized and accumulate when NO production is low (with a 25% loading of the nitrophorins during the fourth- to fifth-instar molt). NO loading of the nitrophorins increases to 90% after the molt, concomitant with a large increase in the salivary NADPH diaphorase activity. It is concluded that synthesis of NO occurs within the epithelial cells while the nitrophorins are stored extracellularly. It is hypothesized that the luminally oriented microvilli may serve as a diffusion bridge to direct intracellularly produced NO into the luminal cavity, where the nitrophorins are stored.

scholarly journals Expression of Membrane-associated Mucins MUC1 and MUC4 in Major Human Salivary Glands

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 811-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Liu ◽  
Jessica R. Lague ◽  
David P. Nunes ◽  
Paul Toselli ◽  
Frank G. Oppenheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Northern Blotting ◽  
Submandibular Glands ◽  
Human Genes ◽  
Mucin Layer ◽  
Different Cell Types

Mucins are high molecular weight glycoproteins secreted by salivary glands and epithelial cells lining the digestive, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. These glyco-proteins, encoded in at least 13 distinct human genes, can be subdivided into gel-forming and membrane-associated forms. The gel-forming mucin MUC5B is secreted by mucous acinar cells in major and minor salivary glands, but little is known about the expression pattern of membrane-associated mucins. In this study, RT-PCR and Northern blotting demonstrated the presence of transcripts for MUC1 and MUC4 in both parotid and submandibular glands, and in situ hybridization localized these transcripts to epithelial cells lining striated and excretory ducts and in some serous acinar cells. The same cellular distribution was observed by immunohistochemistry. Soluble forms of both mucins were detected in parotid secretion after immunoprecipitation with mucin-specific antibodies. These studies have shown that membrane-associated mucins are produced in both parotid and submandibular glands and that they are expressed in different cell types than gel-forming mucins. Although the function of these mucins in the oral cavity remains to be elucidated, it is possible that they both contribute to the epithelial protective mucin layer and act as receptors initiating one or more intracellular signal transduction pathways.

scholarly journals Epstein‐Barr Virus (EBV) Infection in Epithelial Cells In Vivo: Rare Detection of EBV Replication in Tongue Mucosa but Not in Salivary Glands

2005 ◽  
Vol 191 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phroso Frangou ◽  
Maike Buettner ◽  
Gerald Niedobitek
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr

scholarly journals Presence of SARS-CoV-2 and Its Entry Factors in Oral Tissues and Cells: A Systematic Review

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
Marco Felipe Salas Orozco ◽  
Nereyda Niño-Martínez ◽  
Gabriel-Alejandro Martínez-Castañón ◽  
Nuria Patiño Marín ◽  
Carolina Sámano Valencia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Epithelial Surface

Background and Objectives: The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the current data about the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its entry factors in oral tissues and cells. Materials and Methods: This systematic review was carried out based on the Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Three databases were analyzed (Pubmed, Web of science and Scopus) by three independent researchers. From the 18 identified studies, 10 of them met the inclusion criteria. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 or its entry factors (angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2), transmembrane serine proteases (TMPRSS), and furin) was analyzed in these 10 studies during the pandemic. Results: ACE2 expression was analyzed in 9 of the 10 studies. ACE2 is expressed mainly in the tongue, oral mucosa, salivary glands and epithelial cells. The expression of the TMPRSS2 gene or protein was analyzed in 6 studies. These studies reported that the expression of TMPRSS2 was mainly in the salivary glands, tongue, sulcular epithelium and oral mucosa; as well as in cells of the salivary glands (ductal, acinar and myoepithelial cells) and the tongue (the spinous-based cell layer, horny layer and the epithelial surface). Other TMPRSS were also reported. The expression of TMPRSS3, TMPRSS4, TMPRSS5, TMPRSS7 and TMPRSS11D was reported mainly in salivary glands and in epithelial-type cells. Furan expression was analyzed in three studies. The expression of furin was detected mainly in epithelial cells of the tongue. A variety of methods were used to carry out the detection of SARS-CoV-2 or its input molecules. Conclusions: These results show that SARS-CoV-2 can infect a wide variety of oral tissues and cells, and that together with the theories dedicated to explaining the oral symptoms present in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients, it provides us with a good scientific basis for understanding the virus infection in the oral cavity and its consequences.

HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON LOCALIZATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF ESTERASES IN THE SALIVARY GLANDS OF THE LARGE MILKWEED BUG, ONCOPELTUS FASCIATUS (DALL.) (HEMIPTERA: LYGAEIDAE)

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Salkeld
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Oncopeltus Fasciatus ◽  
Nonspecific Esterase ◽  
Posterior Lobe ◽  
Milkweed Bug

The posterior lobe of the salivary glands of the large milkweed bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus (Dall.), was rich in a nonspecific esterase. An esterase was also localized in the epidermal cells of the tracheae and body wall and in the epithelial cells of the first part of the mid-gut. No true lipase was found in the salivary glands or in the head or thorax.

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