scholarly journals Disentangling a deep learned volume formula

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Craven ◽  
Vishnu Jejjala ◽  
Arjun Kar
Keyword(s):  
Jones Polynomial ◽  
Simons Theory ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Approximation Formula ◽  
Expectation Values ◽  
Reverse Engineer ◽  
Hyperbolic Volume ◽  
Integration Cycle ◽  
Chern Simons ◽  
Large Improvement

Abstract We present a simple phenomenological formula which approximates the hyperbolic volume of a knot using only a single evaluation of its Jones polynomial at a root of unity. The average error is just 2.86% on the first 1.7 million knots, which represents a large improvement over previous formulas of this kind. To find the approximation formula, we use layer-wise relevance propagation to reverse engineer a black box neural network which achieves a similar average error for the same approximation task when trained on 10% of the total dataset. The particular roots of unity which appear in our analysis cannot be written as e2πi/(k+2) with integer k; therefore, the relevant Jones polynomial evaluations are not given by unknot-normalized expectation values of Wilson loop operators in conventional SU(2) Chern-Simons theory with level k. Instead, they correspond to an analytic continuation of such expectation values to fractional level. We briefly review the continuation procedure and comment on the presence of certain Lefschetz thimbles, to which our approximation formula is sensitive, in the analytically continued Chern-Simons integration cycle.

scholarly journals Topological entanglement and hyperbolic volume

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Dwivedi ◽  
Siddharth Dwivedi ◽  
Bhabani Prasad Mandal ◽  
Pichai Ramadevi ◽  
Vivek Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Density Matrix ◽  
Entanglement Entropy ◽  
Reduced Density Matrix ◽  
Simons Theory ◽  
Partition Functions ◽  
Connected Sum ◽  
Gauge Groups ◽  
Hyperbolic Volume ◽  
Reduced Density ◽  
Chern Simons

AbstractThe entanglement entropy of many quantum systems is difficult to compute in general. They are obtained as a limiting case of the Rényi entropy of index m, which captures the higher moments of the reduced density matrix. In this work, we study pure bipartite states associated with S3 complements of a two-component link which is a connected sum of a knot $$ \mathcal{K} $$ K and the Hopf link. For this class of links, the Chern-Simons theory provides the necessary setting to visualise the m-moment of the reduced density matrix as a three-manifold invariant Z($$ {M}_{{\mathcal{K}}_m} $$ M K m ), which is the partition function of $$ {M}_{{\mathcal{K}}_m} $$ M K m . Here $$ {M}_{{\mathcal{K}}_m} $$ M K m is a closed 3-manifold associated with the knot $$ \mathcal{K} $$ K m, where $$ \mathcal{K} $$ K m is a connected sum of m-copies of $$ \mathcal{K} $$ K (i.e., $$ \mathcal{K} $$ K #$$ \mathcal{K} $$ K . . . #$$ \mathcal{K} $$ K ) which mimics the well-known replica method. We analayse the partition functions Z($$ {M}_{{\mathcal{K}}_m} $$ M K m ) for SU(2) and SO(3) gauge groups, in the limit of the large Chern-Simons coupling k. For SU(2) group, we show that Z($$ {M}_{{\mathcal{K}}_m} $$ M K m ) can grow at most polynomially in k. On the contrary, we conjecture that Z($$ {M}_{{\mathcal{K}}_m} $$ M K m ) for SO(3) group shows an exponential growth in k, where the leading term of ln Z($$ {M}_{{\mathcal{K}}_m} $$ M K m ) is the hyperbolic volume of the knot complement S3\$$ \mathcal{K} $$ K m. We further propose that the Rényi entropies associated with SO(3) group converge to a finite value in the large k limit. We present some examples to validate our conjecture and proposal.

CHERN-SIMONS THEORY AND KAUFFMAN POLYNOMIALS

1990 ◽  
Vol 05 (06) ◽  
pp. 1165-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
YONG-SHI WU ◽  
KENGO YAMAGISHI
Keyword(s):  
Lie Algebras ◽  
Simons Theory ◽  
Wilson Loops ◽  
Expectation Values ◽  
Simple Lie Algebras ◽  
Link Invariants ◽  
Chern Simons ◽  
Knots And Links ◽  
Chern Simons Theory

We report on a study of the expectation values of Wilson loops in D=3 Chern-Simons theory. The general skein relations (of higher orders) are derived for these expectation values. We show that the skein relations for the Wilson loops carrying the fundamental representations of the simple Lie algebras SO(n) and Sp(n) are sufficient to determine invariants for all knots and links and that the resulting link invariants agree with Kauffman polynomials. The polynomial for an unknotted circle is identified to the formal characters of the fundamental representations of these Lie algebras.

TRANSVERSE LATTICE CONSTRUCTION OF 2+1 CHERN-SIMONS THEORY

1992 ◽  
Vol 07 (07) ◽  
pp. 601-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL A. GRIFFIN
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Model ◽  
Sigma Model ◽  
Simons Theory ◽  
Nonlinear Sigma Model ◽  
Expectation Values ◽  
Transverse Lattice ◽  
Lattice Construction ◽  
Chern Simons ◽  
Lattice Dimension ◽  
Chern Simons Theory

A transverse lattice model, with one lattice dimension and two continuum dimensions, is constructed by introducing Wess-Zumino terms into the gauged (1+1)-dimensional nonlinear sigma model action of the link fields. Its continuum limit is the pure Chern-Simons gauge theory in 2+1 dimensions. The lattice model is quantized, and some simple expectation values for Wilson loops on M2×S1 are evaluated. This construction provides an explicit connection between Chern-Simons theory and the gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten model.

GEOMETRY OF QUANTUM LOOPS AND KNOT THEORY

1989 ◽  
Vol 04 (24) ◽  
pp. 2409-2416 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. AWADA
Keyword(s):  
Perturbation Theory ◽  
Knot Theory ◽  
Jones Polynomial ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Simons Theory ◽  
Loop Equation ◽  
Chern Simons ◽  
Linear Quantum ◽  
Chern Simons Theory ◽  
Skein Relation

Starting from the linear quantum loop equation of non-abelian Chern-Simons theory in three dimensions, we prove that it yields precisely and to all loop orders in perturbation theory the exact skein relation satisfied by the Jones polynomial in knot theory.

scholarly journals Resurgent analysis for some 3-manifold invariants

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee-Joong Chung
Keyword(s):  
Partition Function ◽  
Jones Polynomial ◽  
Infinite Family ◽  
Simons Theory ◽  
Flat Connections ◽  
Torus Knot ◽  
Seifert Manifolds ◽  
Resurgent Analysis ◽  
Chern Simons ◽  
Chern Simons Theory

Abstract We study resurgence for some 3-manifold invariants when Gℂ = SL(2, ℂ). We discuss the case of an infinite family of Seifert manifolds for general roots of unity and the case of the torus knot complement in S3. Via resurgent analysis, we see that the contribution from the abelian flat connections to the analytically continued Chern-Simons partition function contains the information of all non-abelian flat connections, so it can be regarded as a full partition function of the analytically continued Chern-Simons theory on 3-manifolds M3. In particular, this directly indicates that the homological block for the torus knot complement in S3 is an analytic continuation of the full G = SU(2) partition function, i.e. the colored Jones polynomial.

scholarly journals Refined Chern–Simons theory in genus two

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (07) ◽  
pp. 2050044 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Arthamonov ◽  
Sh. Shakirov
Keyword(s):  
Jones Polynomial ◽  
Linear Operators ◽  
Mapping Class ◽  
Simons Theory ◽  
Poincaré Polynomial ◽  
Defining Relations ◽  
Rank One ◽  
Genus 2 ◽  
Knot Homology ◽  
Chern Simons

Reshetikhin–Turaev (a.k.a. Chern–Simons) TQFT is a functor that associates vector spaces to two-dimensional genus [Formula: see text] surfaces and linear operators to automorphisms of surfaces. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that there exists a Macdonald [Formula: see text]-deformation — refinement — of these operators that preserves the defining relations of the mapping class groups beyond genus 1. For this, we explicitly construct the refined TQFT representation of the genus 2 mapping class group in the case of rank one TQFT. This is a direct generalization of the original genus 1 construction of arXiv:1105.5117 opening a question that if it extends to any genus. Our construction is built upon a [Formula: see text]-deformation of the square of [Formula: see text]-6[Formula: see text] symbol of [Formula: see text], which we define using the Macdonald version of Fourier duality. This allows to compute the refined Jones polynomial for arbitrary knots in genus 2. In contrast with genus 1, the refined Jones polynomial in genus 2 does not appear to agree with the Poincare polynomial of the triply graded HOMFLY knot homology.

scholarly journals Wilson-’t Hooft lines as transfer matrices

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunobu Maruyoshi ◽  
Toshihiro Ota ◽  
Junya Yagi
Keyword(s):  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Simons Theory ◽  
Transfer Matrices ◽  
Quantum Integrable Systems ◽  
Expectation Values ◽  
Twisted Product ◽  
Agt Correspondence ◽  
Supersymmetric Gauge ◽  
Chern Simons ◽  
Chern Simons Theory

Abstract We establish a correspondence between a class of Wilson-’t Hooft lines in four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 supersymmetric gauge theories described by circular quivers and transfer matrices constructed from dynamical L-operators for trigonometric quantum integrable systems. We compute the vacuum expectation values of the Wilson-’t Hooft lines in a twisted product space S1 × ϵ ℝ2 × ℝ by supersymmetric localization and show that they are equal to the Wigner transforms of the transfer matrices. A variant of the AGT correspondence implies an identification of the transfer matrices with Verlinde operators in Toda theory, which we also verify. We explain how these field theory setups are related to four-dimensional Chern-Simons theory via embedding into string theory and dualities.

Chern-Simons theory for electrons in high Landau levels

1999 ◽  
Vol 09 (PR10) ◽  
pp. Pr10-223-Pr10-225
Author(s):  
S. Scheidl ◽  
B. Rosenow
Keyword(s):  
Landau Levels ◽  
Simons Theory ◽  
Chern Simons ◽  
Chern Simons Theory
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