scholarly journals Islands in asymptotically flat 2D gravity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hartman ◽  
Edgar Shaghoulian ◽  
Andrew Strominger
Keyword(s):  
2D Gravity ◽  
Asymptotically Flat

scholarly journals ON p – q DUALITY AND EXPLICIT SOLUTIONS IN c ≤ 1 2D GRAVITY MODELS

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (08) ◽  
pp. 1219-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. KHARCHEV ◽  
A. MARSHAKOV
Keyword(s):  
String Theory ◽  
Exact Solutions ◽  
2D Gravity ◽  
Integral Formula ◽  
Integral Representations ◽  
Gravity Models ◽  
Explicit Solutions ◽  
String Equation ◽  
Duality Transformation

We study the role of integral representations in the description of nonperturbative solutions to c ≤ 1 string theory. A generic solution is determined by two functions, W(x) and Q(x), which behave at infinity like xp and xq respectively. The integral formula for arbitrary (p, q) models is derived, which explicitly realizes a duality transformation between (p, q) and (q, p) 2D gravity solutions. We also discuss the exact solutions to the string equation and reduction condition and present several explicit examples.

scholarly journals BMS field theories and Weyl anomaly

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Bagchi ◽  
Sudipta Dutta ◽  
Kedar S. Kolekar ◽  
Punit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Field Theories ◽  
Partition Functions ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
Asymptotically Flat ◽  
Weyl Invariance ◽  
Flat Spacetimes ◽  
Liouville Action ◽  
Null Surfaces

Abstract Two dimensional field theories with Bondi-Metzner-Sachs symmetry have been proposed as duals to asymptotically flat spacetimes in three dimensions. These field theories are naturally defined on null surfaces and hence are conformal cousins of Carrollian theories, where the speed of light goes to zero. In this paper, we initiate an investigation of anomalies in these field theories. Specifically, we focus on the BMS equivalent of Weyl invariance and its breakdown in these field theories and derive an expression for Weyl anomaly. Considering the transformation of partition functions under this symmetry, we derive a Carrollian Liouville action different from ones obtained in the literature earlier.

scholarly journals Islands and stretched horizon

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Hawking Radiation ◽  
Entanglement Entropy ◽  
Total System ◽  
Island Rule ◽  
Asymptotically Flat ◽  
Flat Spacetime ◽  
Ads Spacetime ◽  
Hole Geometry

Abstract Recently it was proposed that the entanglement entropy of the Hawking radiation contains the information of a region including the interior of the event horizon, which is called “island.” In studies of the entanglement entropy of the Hawking radiation, the total system in the black hole geometry is separated into the Hawking radiation and black hole. In this paper, we study the entanglement entropy of the black hole in the asymptotically flat Schwarzschild spacetime. Consistency with the island rule for the Hawking radiation implies that the information of the black hole is located in a different region than the island. We found an instability of the island in the calculation of the entanglement entropy of the region outside a surface near the horizon. This implies that the region contains all the information of the total system and the information of the black hole is localized on the surface. Thus the surface would be interpreted as the stretched horizon. This structure also resembles black holes in the AdS spacetime with an auxiliary flat spacetime, where the information of the black hole is localized at the interface between the AdS spacetime and the flat spacetime.

scholarly journals Soft photon theorem in the small negative cosmological constant limit

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabamita Banerjee ◽  
Karan Fernandes ◽  
Arpita Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Leading Order ◽  
Asymptotically Flat ◽  
Soft Factor ◽  
Flat Spacetime ◽  
Electromagnetic Interactions ◽  
Flat Spacetimes ◽  
Perturbative Corrections ◽  
Soft Factors

Abstract We study the effect of electromagnetic interactions on the classical soft theorems on an asymptotically AdS background in 4 spacetime dimensions, in the limit of a small cosmological constant or equivalently a large AdS radius l. This identifies 1/l2 perturbative corrections to the known asymptotically flat spacetime leading and subleading soft factors. Our analysis is only valid to leading order in 1/l2. The leading soft factor can be expected to be universal and holds beyond tree level. This allows us to derive a 1/l2 corrected Ward identity, following the known equivalence between large gauge Ward identities and soft theorems in asymptotically flat spacetimes.

scholarly journals Brans-Dicke theory in Bondi-Sachs form: Asymptotically flat solutions, asymptotic symmetries, and gravitational-wave memory effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shammi Tahura ◽  
David A. Nichols ◽  
Alexander Saffer ◽  
Leo C. Stein ◽  
Kent Yagi
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Memory Effects ◽  
Asymptotically Flat ◽  
Asymptotic Symmetries

scholarly journals Observations of Hawking radiation: the Page curve and baby universes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Marolf ◽  
Henry Maxfield
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Asymptotically Flat ◽  
Black Hole Information ◽  
Flat Spacetimes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Baby Universes ◽  
Time Extrapolation ◽  
Asymptotic Observers

AbstractWe reformulate recent insights into black hole information in a manner emphasizing operationally-defined notions of entropy, Lorentz-signature descriptions, and asymptotically flat spacetimes. With the help of replica wormholes, we find that experiments of asymptotic observers are consistent with black holes as unitary quantum systems, with density of states given by the Bekenstein-Hawking formula. However, this comes at the cost of superselection sectors associated with the state of baby universes. Spacetimes studied by Polchinski and Strominger in 1994 provide a simple illustration of the associated concepts and techniques, and we argue them to be a natural late-time extrapolation of replica wormholes. The work aims to be self-contained and, in particular, to be accessible to readers who have not yet mastered earlier formulations of the ideas above.

scholarly journals Isoperimetry, Scalar Curvature, and Mass in Asymptotically Flat Riemannian 3‐Manifolds

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-905
Author(s):  
Otis Chodosh ◽  
Michael Eichmair ◽  
Yuguang Shi ◽  
Haobin Yu
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Curvature ◽  
Asymptotically Flat

scholarly journals On far-outlying constant mean curvature spheres in asymptotically flat Riemannian 3-manifolds

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (767) ◽  
pp. 161-191
Author(s):  
Otis Chodosh ◽  
Michael Eichmair
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Curvature ◽  
Mean Curvature ◽  
Constant Mean Curvature ◽  
Existence Results ◽  
Asymptotically Flat ◽  
Weingarten Surfaces ◽  
Differential Geom

AbstractWe extend the Lyapunov–Schmidt analysis of outlying stable constant mean curvature spheres in the work of S. Brendle and the second-named author [S. Brendle and M. Eichmair, Isoperimetric and Weingarten surfaces in the Schwarzschild manifold, J. Differential Geom. 94 2013, 3, 387–407] to the “far-off-center” regime and to include general Schwarzschild asymptotics. We obtain sharp existence and non-existence results for large stable constant mean curvature spheres that depend delicately on the behavior of scalar curvature at infinity.

scholarly journals Black hole S-matrix for a scalar field

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Panos Betzios ◽  
Nava Gaddam ◽  
Olga Papadoulaki
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Normal Modes ◽  
Massless Scalar ◽  
Scattering Process ◽  
Schwarzschild Black Hole ◽  
Asymptotically Flat ◽  
Scalar Particles ◽  
Black Hole Background ◽  
S Matrix ◽  
Do So

Abstract We describe a unitary scattering process, as observed from spatial infinity, of massless scalar particles on an asymptotically flat Schwarzschild black hole background. In order to do so, we split the problem in two different regimes governing the dynamics of the scattering process. The first describes the evolution of the modes in the region away from the horizon and can be analysed in terms of the effective Regge-Wheeler potential. In the near horizon region, where the Regge-Wheeler potential becomes insignificant, the WKB geometric optics approximation of Hawking’s is replaced by the near-horizon gravitational scattering matrix that captures non-perturbative soft graviton exchanges near the horizon. We perform an appropriate matching for the scattering solutions of these two dynamical problems and compute the resulting Bogoliubov relations, that combines both dynamics. This allows us to formulate an S-matrix for the scattering process that is manifestly unitary. We discuss the analogue of the (quasi)-normal modes in this setup and the emergence of gravitational echoes that follow an original burst of radiation as the excited black hole relaxes to equilibrium.

Equations of motion for the sources of asymptotically flat spaces

1972 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1884-1891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Lind ◽  
James Messmer ◽  
Ezra T. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Asymptotically Flat
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