scholarly journals Maruyoshi-Song flows and defect groups of $$ {\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{p}}^{\mathrm{b}} $$(G) theories

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saghar S. Hosseini ◽  
Robert Moscrop

Abstract We study the defect groups of $$ {D}_p^b $$ D p b (G) theories using geometric engineering and BPS quivers. In the simple case when b = h∨(G), we use the BPS quivers of the theory to see that the defect group is compatible with a known Maruyoshi-Song flow. To extend to the case where b ≠ h∨(G), we use a similar Maruyoshi-Song flow to conjecture that the defect groups of $$ {D}_p^b $$ D p b (G) theories are given by those of G(b)[k] theories. In the cases of G = An, E6, E8 we cross check our result by calculating the BPS quivers of the G(b)[k] theories and looking at the cokernel of their intersection matrix.

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 523-526
Author(s):  
Abdullah Rashid Amirul ◽  
Saad Nor Hayati ◽  
Bulan Abdullah

Process variation is inevitable for any production line regardless of the industry. The trend for smaller, lighter yet multifunctional devices has created high expectation for the semiconductor manufacturer to produce more robust and highly reliable devices. One way to achieve this is by assessing the variance performance of the assembly production. In this study, the mechanical properties of copper alloy C194 used as the lead frame for particular IC device have been investigated. Samples from control and defect groups been subjected to hardness (Rockwell test) and tensile (Instron test) while the optical microscopy used to verify the microstructure. The result shows that the hardness and tensile of the defect group is relatively lower than the control group while the elongation of the defect group is almost 10% higher. This finding is very useful to be shared with the process owner so that in-depth investigation on the lead frame material consistency or the temperature range optimization can be carried out to prevent such variations that contribute to the inconsistence wire bond yield performance.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Prajitno Sugianto

Background: Omphalocele is often associated with the presence of other congenital anomalies. One study says that a small of defect omphalocele is often accompanied by intestinal disorders and have a better prognosis. Based on this study the researcher wants to review the relationship between the size of  omphalocele defect and the presence of associated congenital anomaly in Hasan Sadikin Hospital. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. All patient with omphalocele between January 2007 – March 2012 were included in this study. Data collected were patient demographics, size of omphalocele defect and congenital anomalies identified. In this study, patients were  designated as those with small (4 cm and less) or large (greater than 4 cm) defect omphaloceles. This study analyzed correlation between size of defect with associated anomaly using Fisher exact test  and  p < 0.05 is considered to be significant. Results: There were 52 omphalocele cases (24 girls, 28 boys), median birth weight 2710gr (range 1300gr–4000gr). Twenty seven patients were classified as small defect, with 25 classified as large defect. Anomaly found in the small defect groups consists of facial anomaly (7%); cardiac anomaly (7%); intestinal disorder (22%,P=0,02) include patent omphalomesentericus duct, anorectal malformation and cloaca extrophi; limb anomaly (7%). Meanwhile, anomalies identified in the large defect group consist of facial anomaly (8%); cardac defect (32%) include dextrocardi and tetralogi Fallot; limb anomaly (16%).In this study, cardiac defects was significantly higher in the large defect group, meanwhile intestinal diorder is statistically significant in small defect groups. Conclusion: Small defect omphalocele correlates with an increased prevalence of associated gastrointestinal anomalies and a lower prevalence of cardiac anomalies.  


2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Remi Takeuchi ◽  
Nobuko Enomoto ◽  
Kyoko Ishida ◽  
Ayako Anraku ◽  
Goji Tomita

Purpose. We aimed to investigate factors related to superior and inferior hemifield defects in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods. Sixty-seven subjects with newly diagnosed, untreated POAG underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the disc area, macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC), and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness within 6 months of the visual field (VF) test. Based on the VF and OCT results, 40 subjects had a superior and 27 an inferior hemifield defect. Clinical data including visual acuity, refractive error, disc hemorrhage, VF indexes, and medical history were recorded. Results. Average mGCC thickness corresponding to the defective hemifields was thinner in the superior VF defect group than in the inferior VF defect group (P=0.003). Average total deviation (TD) was comparable between the two groups. However, the superior VF defect group had a higher prevalence of defects (P=0.001) and lower TD (P=0.002) within central 5 degrees of VF than the inferior VF defect group. In multivariate regression analyses, the temporal-lower and inferior-temporal cpRNFL thicknesses were significant contributing factors to the inferior mGCC thickness in the superior VF defect group. In the inferior VF defect group, the disc area, family history of glaucoma, and temporal-upper cpRNFL thickness contributed to the superior mGCC thickness. Conclusion. The inferior mGCC thickness corresponding to the superior hemifield defect group was significantly thinner than the superior mGCC thickness corresponding to the inferior hemifield defect group. The factors related to the reduction of the corresponding mGCC thickness may differ between superior VF defect and inferior VF defect groups.


2010 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES P. COSSEY ◽  
MARK L. LEWIS

AbstractWe count the number of lifts of an irreducible π-partial character that lies in a block with a cyclic defect group.


2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Altaf ◽  
Sukhpreet Gahunia ◽  
Simone Slawik ◽  
Timothy Andrews ◽  
Ashley Kehoe ◽  
...  

Abstract Aims Management of rectal defect after TEMS is a matter of debate. Data are lacking on the effect of these techniques on long term outcomes and continence of patients. We sought to analyse these in our patient cohort. Methods Patients who underwent TEMS between 2012 and 2019 were examined retrospectively from a prospectively maintained database. These were divided into two groups – open and closed rectal defect. Patient demographics were recorded and outcomes assessed including oncological staging, morbidity, mortality, length of stay and FISI scores. Results 170 matched patients were included, with 70 patients in the open and 100 in the closed rectal defect group. Short-term complications were 18.8% with no significant difference between the two groups. Most of the defects were well healed upon endoscopic follow-up; more unhealed/sinus formation was noticed in the open group (p = 0.01); more strictures were encountered in the closed group (p = 0.04). Overall, there was a significant difference in pre and post TEMS FISI scores in all three groups (p &lt; 0.00001, p &lt; 0.00001, p = 0.02). Comparing the open and closed defect groups, there was no difference in the functional outcome of patients in those who developed sinus or stricture but a significant difference in those with healed scar, with those in closed rectal defect group with worsening function (p = 0.02) Conclusion Both the approaches of rectal defect management are associated with pros and cons. Long term complications should be expected and actively followed up for. Patients should be thoroughly counselled about these and possible deterioration in continence post-TEMS


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Albertini ◽  
Michele Del Zotto ◽  
Iñaki García Etxebarria ◽  
Saghar S. Hosseini

Abstract We discuss the geometric origin of discrete higher form symmetries of quantum field theories in terms of defect groups from geometric engineering in M-theory. The flux non-commutativity in M-theory gives rise to (mixed) ’t Hooft anomalies for the defect group which constrains the corresponding global structures of the associated quantum fields. We analyze the example of 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 1 SYM gauge theory in four dimensions, and we reproduce the well-known classification of global structures from reading between its lines. We extend this analysis to the case of 7d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 1 SYM theory, where we recover it from a mixed ’t Hooft anomaly among the electric 1-form center symmetry and the magnetic 4-form center symmetry in the defect group. The case of five-dimensional SCFTs from M-theory on toric singularities is discussed in detail. In that context we determine the corresponding 1-form and 2-form defect groups and we explain how to determine the corresponding mixed ’t Hooft anomalies from flux non-commutativity. Several predictions for non-conventional 5d SCFTs are obtained. The matching of discrete higher-form symmetries and their anomalies provides an interesting consistency check for 5d dualities.


2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652110141
Author(s):  
Liang Xu ◽  
Atsushi Urita ◽  
Tomohiro Onodera ◽  
Ryosuke Hishimura ◽  
Takayuki Nonoyama ◽  
...  

Background: Ultrapurified alginate (UPAL) gel implantation has been demonstrated as effective in cartilage repair for osteochondral defects; however, cell transplantation within UPAL gels would be required to treat larger defects. Hypothesis: The combination of UPAL gel and bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) would enhance cartilage repair and subchondral bone repair for large osteochondral defects. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 104 osteochondral defects (1 defect per knee) of 52 rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups (26 defects per group): defects without any treatment (Defect group), defects treated using UPAL gel alone (UPAL group), defects treated using UPAL gel containing allogenic bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (UPAL-MSC group), and defects treated using UPAL gel containing BMAC (UPAL-BMAC group). At 4 and 16 weeks postoperatively, macroscopic and histologic evaluations and measurements of repaired subchondral bone volumes of reparative tissues were performed. Collagen orientation and mechanical properties of the reparative tissue were assessed at 16 weeks. Results: The defects in the UPAL-BMAC group were repaired with hyaline-like cartilage with well-organized collagen structures. The histologic scores at 4 weeks were significantly higher in the UPAL-BMAC group (16.9 ± 2.0) than in the Defect group (4.7 ± 1.9; P < .05), the UPAL group (10.0 ± 3.3; P < .05), and the UPAL-MSC group (12.2 ± 2.9; P < .05). At 16 weeks, the score in the UPAL-BMAC group (24.4 ± 1.7) was significantly higher than those in the Defect group (9.0 ± 3.7; P < .05), the UPAL group (14.2 ± 3.9; P < .05), and the UPAL-MSC group (16.3 ± 3.6; P < .05). At 4 and 16 weeks, the macroscopic evaluations were significantly superior in the UPAL-BMAC group compared with the other groups, and the values of repaired subchondral bone volumes in the UPAL-BMAC group were significantly higher than those in the Defect and UPAL groups. The mechanical properties of the reparative tissues were significantly better in the UPAL-BMAC group than in the other groups. Conclusion: The implantation of UPAL gel containing BMAC-enhanced hyaline-like cartilage repair and subchondral bone repair of osteochondral defects in a rabbit knee model. Clinical Relevance: These data support the potential clinical application of 1-step treatment for large osteochondral defects using biomaterial implantation with cell transplantation.


2014 ◽  
Vol 398 ◽  
pp. 434-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeo Koshitani ◽  
Jürgen Müller ◽  
Felix Noeske
Keyword(s):  

1984 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gluck ◽  
Thomas R Wolf

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