Small-density solutions in Keller–Segel systems involving rapidly decaying diffusivities

Author(s):  
Mengyao Ding ◽  
Michael Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
John A. Trotter

Hemoglobin is the specific protein of red blood cells. Those cells in which hemoglobin synthesis is initiated are the earliest cells that can presently be considered to be committed to erythropoiesis. In order to identify such early cells electron microscopically, we have made use of the peroxidatic activity of hemoglobin by reacting the marrow of erythropoietically stimulated guinea pigs with diaminobenzidine (DAB). The reaction product appeared as a diffuse and amorphous electron opacity throughout the cytoplasm of reactive cells. The detection of small density increases of such a diffuse nature required an analytical method more sensitive and reliable than the visual examination of micrographs. A procedure was therefore devised for the evaluation of micrographs (negatives) with a densitometer (Weston Photographic Analyzer).


1983 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 119-120
Author(s):  
A. Kashlinsky ◽  
M. J. Rees

If primordial fluctuations were isothermal their amplitude at recombination would be non-linear on scales Mo ≃ 106÷9 M⊙. Since the Jeans mass after recombination is MJo ≃ 8 × 105 Ω−1/2 M⊙ the clouds of mass Mo would be able to form the first generation of compact objects, the so-called Population III. These clouds would acquire angular momentum via tidal interactions with their neighbours. The importance of rotation can be conveniently characterised by the spin parameter λ = Vrotation/Vfree-fall and tidal interactions lead to a spin λo = 0.07 ± 0.03. As the cloud collapses λ increases as r−1/2. Any fragment forming in a rotating cloud would have the same spin λ as the whole cloud. It could therefore collapse only by ≃ λo2 in radius before centrifugal forces intervened, thus leaving a large geometrical cross-section for coalescence to be important. At radii r ≲ λo8/5 (Mo/MJo)2/15 ro the coalescence time is shorter than the free-fall time and no fragmentation is possible below this radius. In the primordial clouds two major factors prevent fragmentation at larger radii. First, the background radiation is still ‘hot’ and the trapping of it would prevent fragmentation until the whole cloud has collapsed to a radius 10−2 x−2/3 ro. Here x = 10−2(M/107 M⊙)1/3 is the ionization fraction given by the balance between gravitational contraction and recombination cooling. Furthermore, any small density fluctuation would lead to fragmentation only after the paternal cloud had collapsed by a factor (δ/5)2/3 in radius. For these reasons fragmentation is unlikely until centrifugal forces halt the collapse and a disk forms. The disk will be initially at T ≃ 104K but after a small fraction of H2 forms it will cool to T3 ≃ T/103K ≃ 1 and the final fragments mass could be as low as ≃ 0.2(λo/0.07)4 T32(MJo/Mo)1/3 M⊙.


1964 ◽  
Vol 54 (5A) ◽  
pp. 1291-1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Randall

Abstract The recent suggestion that sudden phase transitions may provide a mechanism for earthquakes is examined mathematically for the simple case of sudden change of volume. Such a transition, even for a small density change, offers a much more concentrated source of seismic energy than does sudden faulting.


1968 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Blair ◽  
J. A. Quinn
Keyword(s):  

1957 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 815-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Körper

Es werden die durch elektromagnetische Strahlung erregten Schwingungen einer kreiszylindrischen, homogenen, unendlich langen, einem homogenen axialen statischen Magnetfeld ausgesetzten Plasmasäule behandelt. Die zwei möglichen Schwingungstypen lassen sich durch die Richtung des im Plasma induzierten Stromes relativ zum Magnetfeld unterscheiden. Bei Strömen parallel zum Magnetfeld werden die Schwingungen durch den EccLEsschen Brechungsindex charakterisiert. Ströme senkrecht zum Magnetfeld liefern einen Brechungsindex, der zwei von der Teilchendichte des Plasmas und dem statischen Magnetfeld abhängige Resonanzfrequenzen (Ionenresonanz, Elektronenresonanz) besitzt. Dieser Brechungsindex geht für kleine Frequenzen in den für magnetohydrodynamische Wellen über. — Aus den Grundgleichungen wird der Energiesatz des Plasmas hergeleitet; er enthält neben der elektromagnetischen Strahlungsleistung, der JOULESchen Wärme und den Zeitableitungen der elektrischen und magnetischen Energiedichte noch die der kinetischen Energien der Elektronen und Ionen.The oscillations of a plasma cylinder of infinite length have been analyzed. The plasma is assumed to be homogeneous and to be exposed to a static homogeneous magnetic field in axial direction. There are two different types of oscillations. In one case the induced current is parallel to the magnetic field, and is therefore not influenced by it. In the other case where the induced current is perpendicular to the field two resonance frequencies exist. In the limit of small density and high magnetic field these are the gyrofrequencies of the iones and the electrons. The index of refraction for both types in the limit of small frequencies is that of the “hydromagnetic waves”. — From the basic equations the energy conservation theorem is derived. Besides the usual terms giving the electromagnetic radiation, JOULE’S losses, the electromagnetic energy density, it contains the kinetic energy of the ions and electrons of the plasma.


Author(s):  
А.Н. Афанасьев ◽  
П.С. Алексеев ◽  
А.А. Грешнов ◽  
М.А. Семина

In conductors with a very small density of defects, electrons at low temperatures collide predominantly with a sample edges. Therefore, the ballistic regime of charge and heat transport is realized. The application of a perpendicular magnetic field substantially modifies the character of ballistic transport. For the case of two-dimensional (2D) electrons in the magnetic fields corresponding to the diameter of the cyclotron trajectories smaller than the sample width a hydrodynamic transport regime is formed. In the latter regime, the flow is mainly controlled by rare electron–electron collisions, which determine the viscosity effect. In this work, we study the ballistic flow of 2D electrons in long samples in magnetic fields up to the critical field of the transition to the hydrodynamic regime. From solution of the kinetic equation, we obtain analytical formulas for the profiles of the current density and the Hall electric field far and near the ballistic-hydrodynamic transition as well as for the longitudinal and Hall resistances in these ranges. Our theoretical results, apparently, describe the observed longitudinal resistance of pure graphene samples in the diapason of magnetic fields below the ballistic-hydrodynamic transition.


2000 ◽  
Vol 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mistele ◽  
T. Rotter ◽  
R. Ferretti ◽  
F. Fedler ◽  
H. Klausing ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTPhotoanodically grown Ga2O3 layers were characterized with respect to their suitability as gate dielectrics for GaN based MOSFET Device applications. The Ga2O3 layers were produced in a photoelectrochemical cell using aqueous solutions of KOH. IV characterization of MOS structures show insulating behavior of the oxide layers and CV measurements indicate a small density of states at the oxide/GaN interface. Integrating the wet chemical oxide growth in a MOSFET device fabricating process includes tungsten as gate metal together with H2O2 as etching solution for the gate metal. Source/drain areas were made free of oxide by the alkaline developer of a conventional lithographic step and metallization was done by using the liftoff technique. MOS structures show no inversion mode but strong depletion in reverse biasing mode.


1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (26) ◽  
pp. 4291-4294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Connors ◽  
Ashley J. Deans ◽  
John S. Hagelin

1978 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-299
Author(s):  
Réal R. J. Gagné ◽  
Magdi M. Shoucri

The dispersion relations for the quasi-static lower hybrid surface waves are derived. Conditions for their existence and their linear excitation by a small density electron beam are discussed. Instabilities appearing in low-frequency surface waves are also discussed.


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