Diploid males, diploid sperm production, and triploid females in the ant Tapinoma erraticum

AbstractIn the ichneumonid wasp Diadromus pulchellus (Wesmael), diploid males may regularly be produced in laboratory populations by inbreeding. They are viable, produce diploid sperm and are equally capable of multiple inseminations as are haploid males. Their spermatozoa are also able to penetrate the oocyte. Progeny sired by diploid males are essentially haploid sons with only a few daughters. The sons are normal haploid individuals, produced in a frequency significantly higher than in crosses between females and haploid males. The daughters are normal diploid females probably resulting from the fertilization of an oocyte by an exceptional haploid sperm rarely produced by diploid males. Triploid individuals were not observed and their absence was correlated with the high mortality observed during the first developmental stages. The death of these individuals is discussed in the light of the phenomenon of superparasitism to explain the increase in the frequency of sons produced in crosses with diploid males. Despite their viability, their ability to produce sperm and their normal potential insemination, diploid males of Diadromus pulchellus are therefore almost sterile.

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Reproductive characteristics, semen quality, seminal oxidative status, steroid hormones, sperm production efficiency of rabbits fed herbal supplements

Theriogenology ◽

10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.03.020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 168 ◽

pp. 41-49

Author(s):

Olatunji Abubakar Jimoh ◽

Wahab Adekunle Oyeyemi ◽

Hafsat Ololade Okin-Aminu ◽

Bolaji Fatai Oyeyemi

Keyword(s):

Steroid Hormones ◽

Production Efficiency ◽

Semen Quality ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Sperm Production ◽

Herbal Supplements ◽

Reproductive Characteristics

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Offsetting Effects of Wolbachia Infection and Heat Shock on Sperm Production inDrosophila simulans: Analyses of Fecundity, Fertility and Accessory Gland Proteins

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/155.1.167 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 155 (1) ◽

pp. 167-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rhonda R Snook ◽

Sophia Y Cleland ◽

Mariana F Wolfner ◽

Timothy L Karr

Keyword(s):

Heat Shock ◽

Natural Populations ◽

Adult Life ◽

Reproductive Factors ◽

Male Gamete ◽

Wolbachia Infection ◽

Accessory Gland ◽

Sperm Production ◽

Accessory Gland Proteins ◽

Mating Conditions

AbstractInfection in Drosophila simulans with the endocellular symbiont Wolbachia pipientis results in egg lethality caused by failure to properly initiate diploid development (cytoplasmic incompatibility, CI). The relationship between Wolbachia infection and reproductive factors influencing male fitness has not been well examined. Here we compare infected and uninfected strains of D. simulans for (1) sperm production, (2) male fertility, and (3) the transfer and processing of two accessory gland proteins, Acp26Aa or Acp36De. Infected males produced significantly fewer sperm cysts than uninfected males over the first 10 days of adult life, and infected males, under varied mating conditions, had lower fertility compared to uninfected males. This fertility effect was due to neither differences between infected and uninfected males in the transfer and subsequent processing of accessory gland proteins by females nor to the presence of Wolbachia in mature sperm. We found that heat shock, which is known to decrease CI expression, increases sperm production to a greater extent in infected compared to uninfected males, suggesting a possible link between sperm production and heat shock. Given these results, the roles Wolbachia and heat shock play in mediating male gamete production may be important parameters for understanding the dynamics of infection in natural populations.

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Expression of Mst89B and CG31287 is Needed for Effective Sperm Storage and Egg Fertilization in Drosophila

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10020289 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 289

Author(s):

Gurman Grewal ◽

Bahar Patlar ◽

Alberto Civetta

Keyword(s):

Germ Line ◽

Sperm Storage ◽

Mature Sperm ◽

Sperm Production ◽

Cytogenetic Map ◽

Egg Hatchability ◽

Storage Organs ◽

Competitive Success ◽

Paternity Success ◽

And Storage

In Drosophila, male reproductive fitness can be affected by any number of processes, ranging from development of gametes, transfer to and storage of mature sperm within the female sperm storage organs, and utilization of sperm for fertilization. We have previously identified the 89B cytogenetic map position of D. melanogaster as a hub for genes that effect male paternity success when disturbed. Here, we used RNA interference to test 11 genes that are highly expressed in the testes and located within the 89B region for their role in sperm competition and male fecundity when their expression is perturbed. Testes-specific knockdown (KD) of bor and CSN5 resulted in complete sterility, whereas KD of CG31287, Manf and Mst89B, showed a breakdown in sperm competitive success when second to mate (P2 < 0.5) and reduced fecundity in single matings. The low fecundity of Manf KD is explained by a significant reduction in the amount of mature sperm produced. KD of Mst89B and CG31287 does not affect sperm production, sperm transfer into the female bursa or storage within 30 min after mating. Instead, a significant reduction of sperm in female storage is observed 24 h after mating. Egg hatchability 24 h after mating is also drastically reduced for females mated to Mst89B or CG31287 KD males, and this reduction parallels the decrease in fecundity. We show that normal germ-line expression of Mst89B and CG31287 is needed for effective sperm usage and egg fertilization.

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Chromosome pairing in female and male diploid and polyploid anurans (Amphibia) from South America

Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology ◽

10.1139/g83-073 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 487-494

Author(s):

I. M. Rahn ◽

A. Martinez

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Genetic Control ◽

Chromosome Pairing ◽

Diploid Males ◽

Terminal Chiasmata

Chromosome pairing in females and males of diploid (2n = 22) and tetraploid (2n = 44) Odontophrynus americanus and diploid Ceratophrys cranwelli (2n = 26) and tetraploid C. ornata (2n = 104) showed that diploid females formed more chiasmata per paired arm than diploid males and polyploids of both sexes. There was a reduction in the level of recombination in female polyploids by forming multivalents with terminal chiasmata. The reduction reflected a change in the genetic control of pairing in females after polyploidization.

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SERUM GONADOTROPHINS, TESTOSTERONE AND SPERMATOGENESIS IN SUBFERTILE MEN

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0860651 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 651-658 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

J. H. Aafjes ◽

J. C. M. van der Vijver ◽

R. Docter ◽

P. E. Schenck

Keyword(s):

Partial Correlation ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

The Other ◽

Sperm Production ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Natural Logarithm ◽

Biopsy Score

ABSTRACT In 210 subfertile men there existed a significant positive correlation between serum FSH and LH (0.41). No correlation was observed between the gonadotrophin levels and testosterone. In contrast to this FSH as well as LH were negatively correlated with the natural logarithm (In) of the sperm count/ml ejaculate (−0.44 and −0.18, respectively). When the positive correlation which existed between FSH and LH was used to calculate partial correlation coefficients, the coefficient between FSH and ln sperm count did hardly change (−0.41) the coefficient between LH and ln sperm count on the other hand became insignificant (−0.05). This suggests that spermatogenesis influences FSH serum levels in subfertile men by a decreased suppression when sperm production is diminished. Testicular biopsies taken from 97 of these patients were used to determine biopsy scores. These scores showed a significant negative correlation with FSH (−0.34) and a positive one with ln sperm count/ml ejaculate (0.45). Interestingly the biopsy score of 16 patients who fertilized their wives, was found to be higher compared with the score of the other patients who did not fertilize. The number of sperm/ml ejaculate and the FSH values of these 2 groups of biopsied patients were, however, not significantly different. This leads to the conclusion that the biopsy score is a better parameter for the evaluation of oligospermic men than either sperm count or FSH serum values.

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Number and function of Sertoli cells, number and yield of spermatogonia, and daily sperm production in three breeds of boar

Reproduction ◽

10.1530/jrf.0.1070137 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 107 (1) ◽

pp. 137-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

O. E. Okwun ◽

G. Igboeli ◽

J. J. Ford ◽

D. D. Lunstra ◽

L. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Sertoli Cells ◽

Sperm Production ◽

And Function ◽

Daily Sperm Production

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All in the family: TGF-β family action in testis development

Reproduction ◽

10.1530/rep.1.01075 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 132 (2) ◽

pp. 233-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 129

Author(s):

Catherine Itman ◽

Sirisha Mendis ◽

Badia Barakat ◽

Kate Lakoski Loveland

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽

Current Understanding ◽

Sperm Production ◽

Testis Development ◽

The Family ◽

Mammalian Testis

To achieve and maintain fertility, the adult mammalian testis produces many generations of sperm. While testicular integrity is established in the fetus and develops further in juvenile life, sperm production does not ensue until much later in life, following the onset of puberty. Signals from the transforming growth factor-β superfamily of proteins are vital for governance of testis development and spermatogenesis, and this review discusses our current understanding of the mechanisms and processes in which they have been implicated with a focus on the fetal and juvenile testis.

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