Increased risk of fracture in patients with bipolar disorder: a nationwide cohort study

Abstract Background Several previous studies reported a greater prevalence of dry eye syndrome (DES) among patients with psychiatric diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of DES in patients with psychiatric disorders (PD) using nationwide population-based data in Taiwan. Methods This population-based cohort study retrospectively identified patients with PD from 1997 to 2011. The main outcome measures were the prevalence of DES in these patients and associated risk factors. Results A total of 75,650 patients with PD (3,665 in the DES cohort and 71,985 in the non-DES cohort) were included in the final analysis. The majority of patients in the DES group were women (72.6%). The mean age of patients in the DES cohort was 62.2 ± 14.9, which was significantly older than those in the non-DES group (50.9 ± 17.5). The patients with DES had a significantly greater likelihood of having dementia, bipolar disorder, depression, and neurotic disorders. Conditional regression analyses revealed that patients with dry eye disease were more likely to have schizophrenia (OR = 1.34), bipolar disorder (OR = 1.9), depression (OR = 1.54), and neurotic disorders (OR = 1.62). In addition, patients with DES were more likely to use 1st generation anti-psychotics (OR=1.28) and had a lower risk of using 2nd generation anti-psychotics (OR=0.64) Conclusion The study demonstrated that dry eye syndrome is associated with an increased risk of psychiatric disease, especially depression, bipolar disorder, and neurotic disorders, after adjusting for the comorbidities.

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Chronic Periodontitis Is Associated with the Risk of Bipolar Disorder: A Population-Based Cohort Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17103466 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 3466

Author(s):

Yung-Kai Huang ◽

Yu-Hsun Wang ◽

Yu-Chao Chang

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Population Based ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Etiologic Factor ◽

Research Database ◽

Cox Regression Analysis ◽

Increased Risk

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a psychiatric mood disturbance manifested by manic, hypomanic, or major depressive periods. Chronic inflammation was evidenced as an important etiologic factor of BD. Chronic periodontitis (CP) is an inflammatory disease triggered by bacterial products, leading to the destruction of periodontium. The relationship between BD and CP is of interest to investigate. Therefore, a nationwide population-based cohort study was used to investigate the risk of BD and CP exposure from 2001 to 2012. We identified 61,608 patients with CP from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). The 123,216 controls were randomly captured and matched by age, sex, index year, and co-morbidities. The association between CP exposure and BD risk was examined by Cox proportional hazards regression models. In this study, 61,608 CP patients and 123,216 controls were followed up for 7.45 and 7.36 years, respectively. In total, 138 BD patients were identified in the CP cohort and 187 BD cases were found in the non-CP cohort. The incidence rate of BD was significantly higher in the CP cohort than in the non-CP cohort (adjusted HR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.17–1.81) according to the multivariate Cox regression analysis. Females had a 1.47-fold increased risk (95% CI: 1.16–1.86) for BD compared to males. Taken together, CP may be associated with an increased risk of subsequent BD in Taiwan.

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Doxycycline exposure during adolescence and future risk of non-affective psychosis and bipolar disorder: a total population cohort study

Translational Psychiatry ◽

10.1038/s41398-021-01574-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fredrik Upmark ◽

Hugo Sjöqvist ◽

Joseph F. Hayes ◽

Christina Dalman ◽

Håkan Karlsson

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Affective Psychosis ◽

National Population Register ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

Secondary Analyses ◽

Register Studies ◽

Synaptic Pruning ◽

First Diagnosis

AbstractDoxycycline has been hypothesized to prevent development of severe mental illness (SMI) through the suppression of microglia, especially if administered during the intense synaptic pruning period of adolescence. However, results from register studies on potential benefits differ considerably. The aim of the present study was to determine whether doxycycline exposure during adolescence is associated with reduced SMI risk, and to investigate if a direct and specific causality is plausible. This is a Swedish national population register-based cohort study of all individuals born from 1993 to 1997, followed from the age of 13 until end of study at the end of 2016. The primary exposure was cumulative doxycycline prescription ≥3000 mg and outcomes were first diagnosis of non-affective psychosis (F20–F29) and first diagnosis of bipolar disorder (F30–F31). Causal effects were explored through Cox regressions with relevant covariates and secondary analyses of multilevel exposure and comparison to other antibiotics. We found no association between doxycycline exposure and risk of subsequent non-affective psychosis (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.15, 95% CI 0.73–1.81, p = 0.541) and an increased risk of subsequent bipolar disorder (adjusted HR 1.95, 95% CI 1.49–2.55, p < 0.001). We do not believe the association between doxycycline and bipolar disorder is causal as similar associations were observed for other common antibiotics.

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