Risk factors for stress and urge urinary incontinence during pregnancy and the first year postpartum: a prospective longitudinal study

Purpose Previous research has indicated that low resting heart rate (RHR), measured at age 18, predicts later psychopathy, and that high RHR acts as a protective factor in nullifying the influence of several psychosocial risk factors in predicting later antisocial and criminal outcomes. This paper aims to investigate high RHR as a protective factor against age 8–10 psychosocial risk factors in predicting psychopathy factors at age 48 (measured by the PCL:SV). Design/methodology/approach Data collected in the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development are analyzed. This is a prospective longitudinal study of 411 London males from age 8 to age 61. Findings This paper first reports the age 8–10 psychosocial risk factors that predict the interpersonal/affective Factor 1 and the lifestyle/antisocial Factor 2. Then interaction effects with high RHR are studied. The results indicate that high RHR acts as a protective factor against a convicted father and a depressed mother in predicting both psychopathy factors. It also protected against harsh discipline, large family size, low verbal IQ, high hyperactivity, poor parental supervision and a high delinquency-rate school in predicting one of these psychopathy factors, and against a convicted mother in a sensitivity analysis. Originality/value This is the first ever longitudinal study showing that high RHR acts as a protective factor in the prediction of psychopathy. The replicated results with different antisocial outcomes show that more research is warranted on the protective effects of high RHR.

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Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Norway; a prospective, longitudinal study showing increased transmissibility of the Alpha variant (B.1.1.7) compared with other variants

10.1101/2021.08.15.21261478 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cathinka Halle Julin ◽

Anna Hayman Robertson ◽

Olav Hungnes ◽

Gro Tunheim ◽

Terese Bekkevold ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Close Contact ◽

Questionnaire Data ◽

Primary Case ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Household Contacts ◽

Household Transmission ◽

Alpha Variant ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

ABSTRACT Background We studied the secondary attack rate (SAR), risk factors, and precautionary practices of household transmission in a prospective longitudinal study. Moreover, we compared household transmission between the Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant and non-variants of concern (non-VOCs). Methods We recruited households of confirmed COVID-19 cases from May 2020 to May 2021. Households received 8 home visits over 6 weeks. Biological samples and questionnaire data were collected. Results We recruited 70 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 146 household contacts. Transmission occurred in 60% of the households; the overall SAR for household contacts was 49.6%. The SAR was significantly higher for the Alpha variant (77.8%) compared with non-VOC variants (42.5%) and was associated with a higher viral load. SAR was higher in household contacts aged ≥40 years (64%) than in younger contacts (40-47%), and for contacts of cases with loss of taste/smell. Close contact prior to confirmation of infection tended to give a higher SAR. A significantly lower SAR was found for sleeping separately from the primary case after confirmation of infection. Conclusion We found substantial household transmission, particularly for the Alpha variant. Precautionary practices seem to reduce SAR; however, prevention of transmission within households may become difficult with more transmissible variants.

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DOZ047.81: Neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with AE: developmental trajectories in the first year of life

Diseases of the Esophagus ◽

10.1093/dote/doz047.81 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

F Bevilacqua ◽

B Ragni ◽

L Valfrè ◽

A Conforti ◽

A Braguglia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Mechanical Ventilation ◽

Motor Development ◽

Developmental Trajectories ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽

First Year ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Background Esophageal atresia (EA) prognosis have improved significantly over the past three decades. Research and clinical attention has shifted to neurodevelopmental outcomes and quality of life. Aim The aim of this study wasto examine neurodevelopmental outcomes and to identify clinical and sociodemographic risk factors in a cohort of infants with EA. Methods An observational prospective longitudinal study was conducted between 2009 and 2017. Neurodevelopment was assessed at 6 and 12 months by Bayley Scales of Infants and Toddler Development—3rd Edition. Clinical and sociodemographic variables included were gender, birthweight, gestational age, associated malformations, number of hospitalizations, surgeries and dilatations at 12 months, days of mechanical ventilation, parental age, education level, and socioeconomic status. Results Ninety-six infants were enrolled in the study at 6 months and 73 of them were evaluated also at 12 months. Analysis showed significant differences between motor development at 6 and 12 months (M6 = 95.39, SD = 15.71; M12 = 91.83, SD = 12.87; t = 0.245, P = 0.017); significant differences emerged also between cognitive development at 6 and 12 months (M6 = 91.80, SD = 11.70; M12 = 100.92, SD = 15.39; t = −5.10, p = .000). Infants with long-gap AE achieved the worst scores in cognitive (r = -.28, P < .01) and motor scales (r = -.36, P < .01) at 6 months and in motor scale at 12 months (r = −0.30, P < 0.05). More days of mechanical ventilation were related to a lower score in both the cognitive (6 months r = −0.26, P < 0.05; 12 months r = −0.26, P < 0.05) and motor scale (6 months: r = −0.38, P < 0.01; 12 months r = −0.42, P < 0.01). A major number of interventions in the first year of life were related to lower scores in the motor scale at 12 months (r = −0.43, P < 0.01). Conclusions Infants operated on for AE are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairment in the first year of life. Findings support the association between neurodevelopmental outcomes and clinical risk factors. Careful interdisciplinary follow-up is essential for early detection of neurodevelopmental delay.

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Incidence of crown fracture and risk factors in the primary dentition: a prospective longitudinal study

Dental Traumatology ◽

10.1111/edt.12288 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (6) ◽

pp. 450-456 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Patrícia Corrêa-Faria ◽

Saul Martins Paiva ◽

Maria Letícia Ramos-Jorge ◽

Isabela Almeida Pordeus

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Primary Dentition ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

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A prospective, longitudinal study of risk factors for early onset of delinquency among maltreated youth

Children and Youth Services Review ◽

10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.05.023 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 102 ◽

pp. 222-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Minhae Cho ◽

Wendy Haight ◽

Won Seok Choi ◽

Saahoon Hong ◽

Kristine Piescher

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Early Onset ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

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A Prospective Longitudinal Study Evaluating The Influence of Immunosuppressives and Other Factors On COVID-19 in Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases

10.21203/rs.3.rs-805748/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abhishek Patil ◽

Chanakya K ◽

Padmanabha Shenoy ◽

Chandrashekara S ◽

Vikram Haridas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

General Population ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Rheumatic Diseases ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Geographic Region ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Background We conducted this study to identify the influence of prolonged use of hydroxychloroquine(HCQ), glucocorticoids (GC) and other immunosuppressants (IS) on occurrence and outcome of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs). Methods This was a prospective, multicenter, non-interventional longitudinal study across 15 specialist rheumatology centers. Consecutive AIRD patients on treatment with immunosuppressants were recruited and followed up longitudinally to assess parameters contributing to development of COVID-19 and its outcome. Results COVID-19 occurred in 314(3.45%) of 9212 AIRD patients during a median follow up of 177 (IQR 129,219) days. Long term HCQ use had no major impact on the occurrence or the outcome of COVID-19. Glucocorticoids in moderate dose (7.5-20mg/day) conferred higher risk (RR = 1.72) of infection. Among the IS, Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), Cyclophosphamide (CYC) and Rituximab (RTX) use was higher in patients with COVID 19. However, the conventional risk factors such as male sex (RR = 1.51), coexistent diabetes mellitus (RR = 1.64), pre-existing lung disease (RR = 2.01) and smoking (RR = 3.32) were the major contributing risk factors for COVID-19. Thirteen patients (4.14%) died, the strongest risk factor being pre-existing lung disease (RR = 6.36, p = 0.01). Incidence ((17.5 vs 5.3 per 1 lakh (Karnataka) and 25.3 vs 7.9 per 1 lakh(Kerala) ) and case fatality (4.1% vs 1.3 % (Karnataka) and 4.3% vs 0.4% (Kerala)) rate of COVID-19 was significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to the general population of the corresponding geographic region. Conclusions Immunosuppressants have a differential impact on the risk of COVID-19 occurrence in AIRD patients. Older age, males, smokers, hypertensive, diabetic and underlying lung disease contributed to higher risk. The incidence rate and the case fatality rate in AIRD patients is much higher than that in the general population.

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