High resting heart rate protects against childhood risk factors in predicting adult psychopathy

Purpose Previous research has indicated that low resting heart rate (RHR), measured at age 18, predicts later psychopathy, and that high RHR acts as a protective factor in nullifying the influence of several psychosocial risk factors in predicting later antisocial and criminal outcomes. This paper aims to investigate high RHR as a protective factor against age 8–10 psychosocial risk factors in predicting psychopathy factors at age 48 (measured by the PCL:SV). Design/methodology/approach Data collected in the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development are analyzed. This is a prospective longitudinal study of 411 London males from age 8 to age 61. Findings This paper first reports the age 8–10 psychosocial risk factors that predict the interpersonal/affective Factor 1 and the lifestyle/antisocial Factor 2. Then interaction effects with high RHR are studied. The results indicate that high RHR acts as a protective factor against a convicted father and a depressed mother in predicting both psychopathy factors. It also protected against harsh discipline, large family size, low verbal IQ, high hyperactivity, poor parental supervision and a high delinquency-rate school in predicting one of these psychopathy factors, and against a convicted mother in a sensitivity analysis. Originality/value This is the first ever longitudinal study showing that high RHR acts as a protective factor in the prediction of psychopathy. The replicated results with different antisocial outcomes show that more research is warranted on the protective effects of high RHR.

Download Full-text

“The beat of my heart”: the relationship between resting heart rate and psychopathy in a prospective longitudinal study

Journal of Criminal Psychology ◽

10.1108/jcp-07-2018-0029 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 333-344 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Henriette Bergstrøm ◽

David P. Farrington

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Criminal Behavior ◽

Future Research ◽

Resting Heart Rate ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Content Type ◽

Prospective Longitudinal ◽

The Relationship ◽

Negative Relationships

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between resting heart rate (RHR) and psychopathy. The literature on heart rate vs criminality (including violence) is quite clear; low RHR is associated with engaging in violent and criminal behavior. However, results are not as consistent for psychopathy. Design/methodology/approach This paper analyzes heart rate measured at ages 18 and 48, and psychopathy at age 48, in the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development (CSDD). The CSDD is a prospective longitudinal study that has followed 411 boys from childhood to middle age, and measured social and biological factors of interest to the field of criminal psychology. Findings Interestingly, it was only heart rate at age 18 that was negatively and significantly related to psychopathy at age 48. No trends or relationships were found between heart rate at age 48 and psychopathy at age 48. The findings do, however, indicate that low heart rate at age 18 predicts psychopathy at age 48, and the strongest negative relationships are found between low heart rate (beats per minute) and impulsive and antisocial psychopathic symptoms. Originality/value This is the first ever longitudinal study showing that low RHR predicts later psychopathy. Suggestions for future research are outlined.

Download Full-text

Interactions Between Resting Heart Rate and Childhood Risk Factors in Predicting Convictions and Antisocial Personality Scores

Crime & Delinquency ◽

10.1177/0011128720926108 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (10) ◽

pp. 1369-1391 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

David P. Farrington

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Biological Factor ◽

Resting Heart Rate ◽

Antisocial Personality ◽

Parental Discipline ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Childhood Risk Factors ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

This article analyzes data collected in the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development, which is a prospective longitudinal study of 411 London males from Ages 8 to 61. It aims to investigate interactions between Age 8 and Age 10 psychosocial risk factors and a biological factor (resting heart rate), measured at Age 18, in predicting convictions up to Age 61 and high antisocial personality scores at Ages 32 and 48 (combined). The present analyses suggest that a high resting heart rate acted as a protective factor against harsh parental discipline and a depressed mother, or conversely that these childhood risk factors predicted antisocial outcomes only when they coincided with a low resting heart rate.

Download Full-text

Longitudinal study of inflammatory, behavioral, clinical, and psychosocial risk factors for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment ◽

10.1007/s10549-021-06304-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ian R. Kleckner ◽

Todd A. Jusko ◽

Eva Culakova ◽

Kaitlin Chung ◽

Amber S. Kleckner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Psychosocial Risk Factors ◽

Psychosocial Risk

Download Full-text

Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Norway; a prospective, longitudinal study showing increased transmissibility of the Alpha variant (B.1.1.7) compared with other variants

10.1101/2021.08.15.21261478 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cathinka Halle Julin ◽

Anna Hayman Robertson ◽

Olav Hungnes ◽

Gro Tunheim ◽

Terese Bekkevold ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Close Contact ◽

Questionnaire Data ◽

Primary Case ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Household Contacts ◽

Household Transmission ◽

Alpha Variant ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

ABSTRACT Background We studied the secondary attack rate (SAR), risk factors, and precautionary practices of household transmission in a prospective longitudinal study. Moreover, we compared household transmission between the Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant and non-variants of concern (non-VOCs). Methods We recruited households of confirmed COVID-19 cases from May 2020 to May 2021. Households received 8 home visits over 6 weeks. Biological samples and questionnaire data were collected. Results We recruited 70 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 146 household contacts. Transmission occurred in 60% of the households; the overall SAR for household contacts was 49.6%. The SAR was significantly higher for the Alpha variant (77.8%) compared with non-VOC variants (42.5%) and was associated with a higher viral load. SAR was higher in household contacts aged ≥40 years (64%) than in younger contacts (40-47%), and for contacts of cases with loss of taste/smell. Close contact prior to confirmation of infection tended to give a higher SAR. A significantly lower SAR was found for sleeping separately from the primary case after confirmation of infection. Conclusion We found substantial household transmission, particularly for the Alpha variant. Precautionary practices seem to reduce SAR; however, prevention of transmission within households may become difficult with more transmissible variants.

Download Full-text

Incidence of crown fracture and risk factors in the primary dentition: a prospective longitudinal study

Dental Traumatology ◽

10.1111/edt.12288 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (6) ◽

pp. 450-456 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Patrícia Corrêa-Faria ◽

Saul Martins Paiva ◽

Maria Letícia Ramos-Jorge ◽

Isabela Almeida Pordeus

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Primary Dentition ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Download Full-text

A prospective, longitudinal study of risk factors for early onset of delinquency among maltreated youth

Children and Youth Services Review ◽

10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.05.023 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 102 ◽

pp. 222-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Minhae Cho ◽

Wendy Haight ◽

Won Seok Choi ◽

Saahoon Hong ◽

Kristine Piescher

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Early Onset ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Download Full-text

Risk factors for stress and urge urinary incontinence during pregnancy and the first year postpartum: a prospective longitudinal study

International Urogynecology Journal ◽

10.1007/s00192-021-04788-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shiow-Ru Chang ◽

Wei-An Lin ◽

Ting-Chen Chang ◽

Ho-Hsiung Lin ◽

Chien-Nan Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Urinary Incontinence ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Urge Urinary Incontinence ◽

First Year ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Download Full-text

A Prospective Longitudinal Study Evaluating The Influence of Immunosuppressives and Other Factors On COVID-19 in Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases

10.21203/rs.3.rs-805748/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abhishek Patil ◽

Chanakya K ◽

Padmanabha Shenoy ◽

Chandrashekara S ◽

Vikram Haridas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

General Population ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Rheumatic Diseases ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Geographic Region ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Background We conducted this study to identify the influence of prolonged use of hydroxychloroquine(HCQ), glucocorticoids (GC) and other immunosuppressants (IS) on occurrence and outcome of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs). Methods This was a prospective, multicenter, non-interventional longitudinal study across 15 specialist rheumatology centers. Consecutive AIRD patients on treatment with immunosuppressants were recruited and followed up longitudinally to assess parameters contributing to development of COVID-19 and its outcome. Results COVID-19 occurred in 314(3.45%) of 9212 AIRD patients during a median follow up of 177 (IQR 129,219) days. Long term HCQ use had no major impact on the occurrence or the outcome of COVID-19. Glucocorticoids in moderate dose (7.5-20mg/day) conferred higher risk (RR = 1.72) of infection. Among the IS, Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), Cyclophosphamide (CYC) and Rituximab (RTX) use was higher in patients with COVID 19. However, the conventional risk factors such as male sex (RR = 1.51), coexistent diabetes mellitus (RR = 1.64), pre-existing lung disease (RR = 2.01) and smoking (RR = 3.32) were the major contributing risk factors for COVID-19. Thirteen patients (4.14%) died, the strongest risk factor being pre-existing lung disease (RR = 6.36, p = 0.01). Incidence ((17.5 vs 5.3 per 1 lakh (Karnataka) and 25.3 vs 7.9 per 1 lakh(Kerala) ) and case fatality (4.1% vs 1.3 % (Karnataka) and 4.3% vs 0.4% (Kerala)) rate of COVID-19 was significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to the general population of the corresponding geographic region. Conclusions Immunosuppressants have a differential impact on the risk of COVID-19 occurrence in AIRD patients. Older age, males, smokers, hypertensive, diabetic and underlying lung disease contributed to higher risk. The incidence rate and the case fatality rate in AIRD patients is much higher than that in the general population.

Download Full-text