The Evolutionary History of Prosaposin: Two Successive Tandem-Duplication Events Gave Rise to the Four Saposin Domains in Vertebrates

2002 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Einat Hazkani-Covo ◽  
Neta Altman ◽  
Mia Horowitz ◽  
Dan Graur
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Tandem Duplication ◽  
Duplication Events ◽  
History Of

Systematic evidence from gene duplication and regulation

1990 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
DJ Colgan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Duplication ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Tandem Duplication ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Duplicate Genes ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Multiple Origins ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypotheses

This paper is a review of the use of information regarding the presence of duplicate genes and their regulation in systematics. The review concentrates on data derived from protein electrophoresis and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The appearance of a duplication in a subset of a group of species implies that the members of the subset belong to the same clade. Suppression of the duplication may render this clade apparently paraphyletic, but may itself be informative of relations within the lineage through patterns of loss of expression in all, or some tissues, or through restrictions of the formation of functional heteropolymers in polymeric enzymes. Examples are given of studies which have used such information to establish phylogenetic hypotheses at the family level, to identify an auto- or allo-polyploid origin of polyploid species and to determine whether there have been single or multiple origins of such species. The likelihood of homoplasy in the patterns of appearance and regulation of duplicates depends on the molecular basis of the duplication. In particular, the contrast between the expected consequences of tandem duplication and the expression of pseudogenes emphasises the value of determining the mechanism of the original duplication. Many instances of sporadic gene duplication are now known, and polyploidisation is a common event in the evolutionary history of both plants and animals. So the opportunities to discover duplicationrelated characters will arise in many systematic studies. A program is presented to increase the chances that such useful information will be recognisable during the studies.

Evolution of the vertebrate globin gene family

Hemoglobin ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 94-123
Author(s):  
Jay F. Storz
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Duplication ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Functional Divergence ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Globin Genes ◽  
Tandem Gene Duplication ◽  
Animal Evolution ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
Duplication Events ◽  
History Of

Chapter 5 provides an overview of the evolutionary history of the globin gene superfamily and places the evolution of vertebrate-specific globins in phylogenetic context. The duplication and functional divergence of globin genes has promoted key physiological innovations in respiratory gas transport and other physiological functions during animal evolution. A combination of both tandem gene duplication and whole-genome duplication contributed to the diversification of vertebrate globins. Phylogenetic reconstructions arrange vertebrate globins into those that derive from vertebrate-specific duplications (cytoglobin, globin E, globin Y, and the independently derived myoglobin-like and hemoglobin-like genes of jawed vertebrates and jawless fishes [lampreys and hagfish]) and those that derive from far more ancient duplication events that predate the divergence between deuterostomes and protostomes (androglobin, globin X, and neuroglobin). Tracing the evolutionary history of deuterostome globins reveals evidence for the repeated culling of ancestral diversity, followed by lineage-specific diversification of surviving gene lineages via repeated rounds of duplication and divergence.

Phylogenetic evidence for independent origins of GDF1 and GDF3 genes in amphibians and mammals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan C. Opazo ◽  
Kattina Zavala
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Ancestral Gene ◽  
Differentiation Factors ◽  
Duplication Events ◽  
Independent Duplication ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Developmental

AbstractGrowth differentiation factors 1 (GDF1) and 3 (GDF3) are members of the transforming growth factor superfamily (TGF-β) that is involved in fundamental early-developmental processes that are conserved across vertebrates. The evolutionary history of these genes is still under debate due to ambiguous definitions of homologous relationships among vertebrates. Thus, the goal of this study was to unravel the evolution of the GDF1 and GDF3 genes of vertebrates, emphasizing the understanding of homologous relationships and their evolutionary origin. Surprisingly, our results revealed that the GDF1 and GDF3 genes found in amphibians and mammals are the products of independent duplication events of an ancestral gene in the ancestor of each of these lineages. The main implication of this result is that the GDF1 and GDF3 genes of amphibians and mammals are not 1:1 orthologs. In other words, genes that participate in fundamental processes during early development have been reinvented two independent times during the evolutionary history of tetrapods.

scholarly journals Phylogeny and Multiple Independent Whole-Genome Duplication Events in the Brassicales

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makenzie E. Mabry ◽  
Julia M. Brose ◽  
Paul D. Blischak ◽  
Brittany Sutherland ◽  
Wade T. Dismukes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Survey ◽  
Whole Genome Duplications ◽  
The Family ◽  
Genome Duplications ◽  
Duplication Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Inference Methods ◽  
Ideal Group

ABSTRACTWhole-genome duplications (WGDs) are prevalent throughout the evolutionary history of plants. For example, dozens of WGDs have been phylogenetically localized across the order Brassicales, specifically, within the family Brassicaceae. However, while its sister family, Cleomaceae, has also been characterized by a WGD, its placement, as well as that of other WGD events in other families in the order, remains unclear. Using phylo-transcriptomics from 74 taxa and genome survey sequencing for 66 of those taxa, we infer nuclear and chloroplast phylogenies to assess relationships among the major families of the Brassicales and within the Brassicaceae. We then use multiple methods of WGD inference to assess placement of WGD events. We not only present well-supported chloroplast and nuclear phylogenies for the Brassicales, but we also putatively place Th-α and provide evidence for previously unknown events, including one shared by at least two members of the Resedaceae, which we name Rs-α. Given its economic importance and many genomic resources, the Brassicales are an ideal group to continue assessing WGD inference methods. We add to the current conversation on WGD inference difficulties, by demonstrating that sampling is especially important for WGD identification.

scholarly journals Evolution of a key enzyme of aerobic metabolism reveals Proterozoic functional subunit duplication events and an ancient origin of animals

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Santos Bezerra ◽  
Flavia Ariany Belato ◽  
Beatriz Mello ◽  
Federico Brown ◽  
Christopher J. Coates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Krebs Cycle ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Molecular Dating ◽  
Regulatory Subunits ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Duplication Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oxidative State

AbstractThe biological toolkits for aerobic respiration were critical for the rise and diversification of early animals. Aerobic life forms generate ATP through the oxidation of organic molecules in a process known as Krebs’ Cycle, where the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) regulates the cycle's turnover rate. Evolutionary reconstructions and molecular dating of proteins related to oxidative metabolism, such as IDH, can therefore provide an estimate of when the diversification of major taxa occurred, and their coevolution with the oxidative state of oceans and atmosphere. To establish the evolutionary history and divergence time of NAD-dependent IDH, we examined transcriptomic data from 195 eukaryotes (mostly animals). We demonstrate that two duplication events occurred in the evolutionary history of NAD-IDH, one in the ancestor of eukaryotes approximately at 1967 Ma, and another at 1629 Ma, both in the Paleoproterozoic Era. Moreover, NAD-IDH regulatory subunits β and γ are exclusive to metazoans, arising in the Mesoproterozoic. Our results therefore support the concept of an ‘‘earlier-than-Tonian’’ diversification of eukaryotes and the pre-Cryogenian emergence of a metazoan IDH enzyme.

scholarly journals Dynamic evolution of Panax species

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeonah Shim ◽  
Nomar Espinosa Waminal ◽  
Hyun Hee Kim ◽  
Tae-Jin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Genome Structure ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Full Genome Sequence ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Duplication Events ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Panax ginseng is one of the most valuable medicinal plants in Korea. However, deciphering its full genome sequence information for crop improvement has been hampered due to its complex genomic, genetic, and growth characteristics. Many efforts have been made in the past decade to overcome these limitations and understand the genome structure and the evolutionary history of P. ginseng. Methods This review aims to discuss the current status of genomic studies on P. ginseng and related species, and the experimental clues suggesting phylogenetic classification and evolutionary history of the genus Panax. Conclusion The development of sequencing technologies made genome sequencing of the large P. ginseng genome possible, providing fundamental information to deciphering the evolutionary history of P. ginseng and related species. P. ginseng went through two rounds of whole genome duplication events after diverging from the closest family Apiaceae, which was unveiled from complete whole genome sequences. Further in-depth comparative genome analysis with other related species and genera will uncover the evolutionary history as well as important morphological and ecological characteristics of Panax species.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Duplication and Host Genotype Affect Rhizosphere Microbial Communities

mSystems ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian C. B. Ponsford ◽  
Charley J. Hubbard ◽  
Joshua G. Harrison ◽  
Lois Maignien ◽  
C. Alex Buerkle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Whole Genome Duplication ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Genome Duplication ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Host Genotype ◽  
Duplication Events ◽  
History Of

Plants influence the composition of their associated microbial communities, yet the underlying host-associated genetic determinants are typically unknown. Genome duplication events are common in the evolutionary history of plants and affect many plant traits.

scholarly journals Evolution of 14-3-3 Proteins in Angiosperm Plants: Recurring Gene Duplication and Loss

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2724
Author(s):  
Yulia V. Mikhaylova ◽  
Roman K. Puzanskiy ◽  
Maria F. Shishova
Keyword(s):  
Gene Duplication ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Basal Angiosperm ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Gene Duplication And Loss ◽  
Duplication Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Angiosperm Species ◽  
Opposite Manner ◽  
Recent Duplication

14-3-3 proteins are key regulatory factors in plants and are involved in a broad range of physiological processes. We addressed the evolutionary history of 14-3-3s from 46 angiosperm species, including basal angiosperm Amborella and major lineage of monocotyledons and eudicotyledons. Orthologs of Arabidopsis isoforms were detected. There were several rounds of duplication events in the evolutionary history of the 14-3-3 protein family in plants. At least four subfamilies (iota, epsilon, kappa, and psi) formed as a result of ancient duplication in a common ancestor of angiosperm plants. Recent duplication events followed by gene loss in plant lineage, among others Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, and Poaceae, further shaped the high diversity of 14-3-3 isoforms in plants. Coexpression data showed that 14-3-3 proteins formed different functional groups in different species. In some species, evolutionarily related groups of 14-3-3 proteins had coexpressed together under certain physiological conditions, whereas in other species, closely related isoforms expressed in the opposite manner. A possible explanation is that gene duplication and loss is accompanied by functional plasticity of 14-3-3 proteins.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

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