scholarly journals Aerobic and oxygen-limited naphthalene-amended enrichments induced the dominance of Pseudomonas spp. from a groundwater bacterial biofilm

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (13) ◽  
pp. 6023-6043
Author(s):  
Tibor Benedek ◽  
Flóra Szentgyörgyi ◽  
István Szabó ◽  
Milán Farkas ◽  
Robert Duran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Selective Enrichment ◽  
Strain Collection ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Biological Tool ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Naphthalene Biodegradation

Abstract In this study, we aimed at determining the impact of naphthalene and different oxygen levels on a biofilm bacterial community originated from a petroleum hydrocarbon–contaminated groundwater. By using cultivation-dependent and cultivation-independent approaches, the enrichment, identification, and isolation of aerobic and oxygen-limited naphthalene degraders was possible. Results indicated that, regardless of the oxygenation conditions, Pseudomonas spp. became the most dominant in the naphthalene-amended selective enrichment cultures. Under low-oxygen conditions, P. veronii/P. extremaustralis lineage affiliating bacteria, and under full aerobic conditions P. laurentiana–related isolates were most probably capable of naphthalene biodegradation. A molecular biological tool has been developed for the detection of naphthalene 1,2-dioxygenase-related 2Fe-2S reductase genes of Gram-negative bacteria. The newly developed COnsensus DEgenerate Hybrid Oligonucleotide Primers (CODEHOP-PCR) technique may be used in the monitoring of the natural attenuation capacity of PAH-contaminated sites. A bacterial strain collection with prolific biofilm-producing and effective naphthalene-degrading organisms was established. The obtained strain collection may be applicable in the future for the development of biofilm-based bioremediation systems for the elimination of PAHs from groundwater (e.g., biofilm-based biobarriers).

scholarly journals Looking beyond stratification: a model-based analysis of the biological drivers of oxygen deficiency in the North Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2511-2535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Große ◽  
Naomi Greenwood ◽  
Markus Kreus ◽  
Hermann-Josef Lenhart ◽  
Detlev Machoczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Oxygen Deficiency ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
The North ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Central North Sea ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oxygen Dynamics

Abstract. Low oxygen conditions, often referred to as oxygen deficiency, occur regularly in the North Sea, a temperate European shelf sea. Stratification represents a major process regulating the seasonal dynamics of bottom oxygen, yet, lowest oxygen conditions in the North Sea do not occur in the regions of strongest stratification. This suggests that stratification is an important prerequisite for oxygen deficiency, but that the complex interaction between hydrodynamics and the biological processes drives its evolution. In this study we use the ecosystem model HAMSOM-ECOHAM to provide a general characterisation of the different zones of the North Sea with respect to oxygen, and to quantify the impact of the different physical and biological factors driving the oxygen dynamics inside the entire sub-thermocline volume and directly above the bottom. With respect to oxygen dynamics, the North Sea can be subdivided into three different zones: (1) a highly productive, non-stratified coastal zone, (2) a productive, seasonally stratified zone with a small sub-thermocline volume, and (3) a productive, seasonally stratified zone with a large sub-thermocline volume. Type 2 reveals the highest susceptibility to oxygen deficiency due to sufficiently long stratification periods (>  60 days) accompanied by high surface productivity resulting in high biological consumption, and a small sub-thermocline volume implying both a small initial oxygen inventory and a strong influence of the biological consumption on the oxygen concentration. Year-to-year variations in the oxygen conditions are caused by variations in primary production, while spatial differences can be attributed to differences in stratification and water depth. The large sub-thermocline volume dominates the oxygen dynamics in the northern central and northern North Sea and makes this region insusceptible to oxygen deficiency. In the southern North Sea the strong tidal mixing inhibits the development of seasonal stratification which protects this area from the evolution of low oxygen conditions. In contrast, the southern central North Sea is highly susceptible to low oxygen conditions (type 2). We furthermore show that benthic diagenetic processes represent the main oxygen consumers in the bottom layer, consistently accounting for more than 50 % of the overall consumption. Thus, primary production followed by remineralisation of organic matter under stratified conditions constitutes the main driver for the evolution of oxygen deficiency in the southern central North Sea. By providing these valuable insights, we show that ecosystem models can be a useful tool for the interpretation of observations and the estimation of the impact of anthropogenic drivers on the North Sea oxygen conditions.

Influences on the natural reproduction of whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) in Lake Constance

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Wahl ◽  
Herbert Löffler
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Lake Constance ◽  
Coregonus Lavaretus ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Stock Size ◽  
Natural Reproduction ◽  
Lake Bottom ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Spawning Time ◽  
The Impact

The conditions for the natural reproduction of whitefish ( Coregonus lavaretus ) in Lake Constance have been subject to strong variations during recent decades by the impact of fishing and trophic changes. We analysed fluctuations of stock size, age structure, spawning time, and amount of sampled eggs of this species. The onset of spawning altered because of changes in the age structure of the stock. We found a clear relation of spawning time to the mean age of the annual catch and the November epilimnion temperature. The quantity of eggs sampled from the lake bottom with a dredge is in relation to the number of female spawners and may serve as an early indicator for stock size changes. The proportion of viable eggs on the lake floor correlates with oxygen concentrations in deep water. Extremely low oxygen conditions and an almost total loss of eggs occurred when the nutrient levels were high and oxygen regeneration by vertical winter mixing was weak. A mathematical model serves to interpret the changing abundance of living eggs on the lake bottom over the course of a season and is also used to estimate mortality rates.

scholarly journals Emergent Bacteria in Cystic Fibrosis:In VitroBiofilm Formation and Resilience under Variable Oxygen Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana P. Lopes ◽  
Nuno F. Azevedo ◽  
Maria O. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibilities ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
Lung Infections ◽  
Biofilm Development ◽  
The Impact

Concurrent to conventional bacterial pathogens, unusual microbes are emerging from cystic fibrosis (CF) airways. Nonetheless, little is known about the contribution of these newly microbes to the resilience of CF-associated biofilms, particularly under variable-oxygen concentrations that are known to occurin vivoin the mucus of CF patients. Two CF-emergent bacterial species,Inquilinus limosusandDolosigranulum pigrum, and the major pathogenPseudomonas aeruginosawere studied in terms of biofilm development and antibiotic susceptibilities underin vitroatmospheres with different oxygen availabilities. All species were able to developin vitrobiofilms under different oxygen-available environments, withD. pigrumaccumulating high amounts of biomass and respiratory activities. When established, biofilms were of difficult eradication, with antibiotics losing their effectiveness in comparison with the corresponding planktonic populations. Surprisingly, biofilms of each emergent organism displayed multidrug resistance under aerobic environments, enduring even in low-oxygen atmospheres. This study suggests a potential prospect on the impact of nonconventional organismsI. limosusandD. pigrumon CF lung infections, demonstrating capacity to adapt to biofilm mode of life under restricted-oxygen atmospheres resembling CF airways, which may ultimately endanger the efficacy of currently used antibiotic regimens.

scholarly journals Effects of bioturbation on carbon and sulfur cycling across the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition at the GSSP in Newfoundland, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 1240-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalev G. Hantsoo ◽  
Alan J. Kaufman ◽  
Huan Cui ◽  
Rebecca E. Plummer ◽  
Guy M. Narbonne
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Mats ◽  
Temporary Increase ◽  
Sulfur Cycling ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Carbonate Carbon ◽  
Microbial Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Geochemical Significance ◽  
Stratotype Section ◽  
The Impact

The initiation of widespread penetrative bioturbation in the earliest Phanerozoic is regarded as such a significant geobiological event that the boundary between Ediacaran and Cambrian strata is defined by the appearance of diagnostic trace fossils. While ichnofabric analyses have yielded differing interpretations of the impact of Fortunian bioturbation, the disruption of sediments previously sealed by microbial mats is likely to have effected at least local changes in carbon and sulfur cycling. To assess the geochemical effects of penetrative bioturbation, we conducted a high resolution chemostratigraphic analysis of the siliciclastic-dominated basal Cambrian Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP; Chapel Island Formation, Newfoundland, Canada). A positive δ13C excursion in organic matter starts at the Ediacaran–Cambrian boundary and returns to stably depleted values near the top of member 2, while the δ13C of carbonate carbon increases from strongly depleted values toward seawater values beginning near the top of member 2. Pyrite sulfur coincidently undergoes significant 34S depletion at the Ediacaran–Cambrian boundary. These isotope anomalies most likely reflect progressive ventilation and oxygenation of shallow sediments as a consequence of bioturbation. In this interpretation, sediment ventilation in the earliest Cambrian may have spurred a temporary increase in microbial sulfate reduction and benthic sulfur cycling under low-oxygen conditions. In the late Fortunian, local carbon cycling appears to have stabilized as reductants were depleted and more oxygenated conditions predominated in the shallow substrate. Overall, these data attest to the geochemical significance of the initiation of sediment ventilation by animals at the dawn of the Phanerozoic.

The impact of aging wine in high and low oxygen conditions on the fractionation of Cu and Fe in Chardonnay wine

2017 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 319-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Kontoudakis ◽  
Anque Guo ◽  
Geoffrey R. Scollary ◽  
Andrew C. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
The Impact

The influence of bottom water intrusion events on the biogeochemistry of a coastal fjord

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhadeep Rakshit ◽  
Andrew Cogswell ◽  
Sebastian Haas ◽  
Emmanuel Devred ◽  
Richard Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Transport ◽  
Bottom Water ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Biogeochemical Processes ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Bottom Waters ◽  
The Impact

<p>Lack of bottom water exchange in fjord-like estuaries can result in low oxygen conditions and creating sites of redox-sensitive biogeochemical processes, such as denitrification. In many of these systems, occasional intrusions of well-oxygenated bottom water may temporarily alter redox gradients and sediment-water biogeochemistry. Quantifying the magnitude and importance of these changes is a challenge due to the short timescales over which these events can occur. Here we present results from Bedford Basin, a 71 m deep coastal fjord in eastern Canada, where a 20-year, weekly timeseries of bottom water conditions indicates that autumn wind-driven intrusion events are a common, but infrequent, feature of its circulation. To examine the impact of these intrusions on biogeochemistry, we deployed a benthic instrument pod at 60 m depth to record high-resolution measurements of temperature, salinity, nitrate, oxygen, and fluorescence over a 4-month period during the fall of 2018.  During this time we captured two intrusion events, one in mid-Oct and another in mid-Nov. Both intrusion events occurred on a timescale of hours and resulted in sharp changes in temperature, salinity, oxygen, and nitrate.  We used these measurements to constrain a coupled sediment-water column reactive transport model to examine the immediate and annual impacts of these intrusion events on oxygen and nitrogen dynamics in the basin bottom waters and across the sediment-water interface.</p>

scholarly journals Looking beyond stratification: a model-based analysis of the biological drivers of oxygen depletion in the North Sea

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 12543-12610
Author(s):  
F. Große ◽  
N. Greenwood ◽  
M. Kreus ◽  
H. J. Lenhart ◽  
D. Machoczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
General Characteristic ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
The North ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oxygen Dynamics ◽  
Stratified Regime

Abstract. The problem of low oxygen conditions, often referred to as hypoxia, occurs regularly in the North Sea, a temperate European shelf sea. Stratification represents a major process regulating the seasonal dynamics of bottom oxygen. However, lowest oxygen conditions in the North Sea do not occur in the regions of strongest stratification. This suggests that stratification is an important prerequisite for hypoxia, but that the complex interaction between hydrodynamics and the biological processes drives its development. In this study we use the ecosystem model HAMSOM-ECOHAM5 to provide a general characteristic of the different North Sea oxygen regimes, and to quantify the impact of the different physical and biological factors driving the oxygen dynamics below the thermocline and in the bottom layer. We show that the North Sea can be subdivided into three different regimes in terms of oxygen dynamics: (1) a highly productive, non-stratified coastal regime, (2) a productive, seasonally stratified regime with a small sub-thermocline volume, and (3) a productive, seasonally stratified regime with a large sub-thermocline volume, with regime 2 being highly susceptible to hypoxic conditions. Our analysis of the different processes driving the oxygen development reveals that inter-annual variations in the oxygen conditions are caused by variations in primary production, while spatial differences can be attributed to differences in stratification and water depth. In addition, we show that benthic bacteria represent the main oxygen consumers in the bottom layer, consistently accounting for more than 50 % of the overall consumption. By providing these valuable insights, we show that ecosystem models can be a useful tool for the interpretation of observations and the estimation of the impact of anthropogenic drivers on the North Sea oxygen conditions.

scholarly journals Breathing space: deoxygenation of aquatic environments can drive differential ecological impacts across biological invasion stages

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. E. Dickey ◽  
Neil E. Coughlan ◽  
Jaimie T. A. Dick ◽  
Vincent Médoc ◽  
Monica McCard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Neogobius Melanostomus ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Relative Impact ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prey Populations

AbstractThe influence of climate change on the ecological impacts of invasive alien species (IAS) remains understudied, with deoxygenation of aquatic environments often-overlooked as a consequence of climate change. Here, we therefore assessed how oxygen saturation affects the ecological impact of a predatory invasive fish, the Ponto-Caspian round goby (Neogobius melanostomus), relative to a co-occurring endangered European native analogue, the bullhead (Cottus gobio) experiencing decline in the presence of the IAS. In individual trials and mesocosms, we assessed the effect of high, medium and low (90%, 60% and 30%) oxygen saturation on: (1) functional responses (FRs) of the IAS and native, i.e. per capita feeding rates; (2) the impact on prey populations exerted; and (3) how combined impacts of both fishes change over invasion stages (Pre-invasion, Arrival, Replacement, Proliferation). Both species showed Type II potentially destabilising FRs, but at low oxygen saturation, the invader had a significantly higher feeding rate than the native. Relative Impact Potential, combining fish per capita effects and population abundances, revealed that low oxygen saturation exacerbates the high relative impact of the invader. The Relative Total Impact Potential (RTIP), modelling both consumer species’ impacts on prey populations in a system, was consistently higher at low oxygen saturation and especially high during invader Proliferation. In the mesocosm experiment, low oxygen lowered RTIP where both species were present, but again the IAS retained high relative impact during Replacement and Proliferation stages at low oxygen. We also found evidence of multiple predator effects, principally antagonism. We highlight the threat posed to native communities by IAS alongside climate-related stressors, but note that solutions may be available to remedy hypoxia and potentially mitigate impacts across invasion stages.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document