Meta-analysis shows that obesity may be a significant risk factor for prosthetic joint infections

Abstract. Background: Low Vitamin D status observed in the populations globally and its associations with diverse systems have kindled the interest for Vitamin D in medical literature in last two decades. Accumulating evidence manifest that deficiency of Vitamin D might be a causal factor in the pathogenesis of various features of Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). This notion is supported by the fact that > 3 % of the human genome is regulated by vitamin D receptor (VDR). Therefore, this meta-analysis was carried out to quantify the magnitude of risk associated with VDR polymorphisms (BsmI, TaqI, FokI and ApaI) and PCOS susceptibility. Methods: Pub-med, EMBASE, Cochrane database, Science direct, Scirus, ISI web of knowledge and Google scholar were searched for all years until July 2016. The case control studies related to VDR polymorphism and PCOS risk were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Nine studies of the initial 553 hits reporting VDR polymorphism in PCOS were included. All statistical analysis was performed using the STATA 11.0 software and odd ratio with 95 % confidence intervals was used as effect size to assess the strength of associations. Results: Nine studies comprising 1558 cases and 1033 controls were included in this meta-analysis. Significant association between VDR Fok1 polymorphisms and PCOS risk was observed. In further stratified analysis, an increased risks were observed among Asian and African populations for Taq1 polymorphism. Apa1 and Bsm1 polymorphism was found not to be a risk factor for PCOS susceptibility. Conclusion: The FokI polymorphism is found to be a significant risk factor for PCOS.

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Diagnostic accuracy of serum test, tissue culture, and histopathology for shoulder prosthetic joint infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Seminars in Arthroplasty ◽

10.1053/j.sart.2020.07.001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 139-147

Author(s):

Guangxu Lu ◽

Tong Li ◽

Zidong Zhou ◽

Ning Wang ◽

Shujin Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Tissue Culture ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Joint Infections ◽

Prosthetic Joint ◽

Prosthetic Joint Infections ◽

Serum Test ◽

Test Tissue

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Obesity Increases the Severity and Mortality of Influenza and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Endocrinology ◽

10.3389/fendo.2020.595109 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Xue Zhao ◽

Xiaokun Gang ◽

Guangyu He ◽

Zhuo Li ◽

You Lv ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Morbid Obesity ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Confidence Intervals ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

Systematic Search ◽

Odds Ratios

Since December 2019, COVID-19 has aroused global attention. Studies show the link between obesity and severe outcome of influenza and COVID-19. Thus, we aimed to compare the impacts of obesity on the severity and mortality of influenza and COVID-19 by performing a meta-analysis. A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, EMASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Web of Science from January 2009 to July 2020. The protocol was registered onto PROSPERO (CRD42020201461). After selection, 46 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were analyzed. We found obesity was a risk factor for the severity and mortality of influenza (ORsevere outcome = 1.56, CI: 1.28-1.90; ORmortality = 1.99, CI: 1.15-3.46). For COVID-19, obesity was a significant risk factor only for severe outcome (OR = 2.07, CI: 1.53-2.81) but not for mortality (OR = 1.57, CI: 0.85-2.90). Compared with obesity, morbid obesity was linked with a higher risk for the severity and mortality of both influenza (OR = 1.40, CI: 1.10-1.79) and COVID-19 (OR = 3.76, CI: 2.67-5.28). Thus, obesity should be recommended as a risk factor for the prognosis assessment of COVID-19. Special monitoring and earlier treatment should be implemented in patients with obesity and COVID-19.

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Risk factors for Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric inpatients: A meta-analysis and systematic review

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/ice.2019.23 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 420-426 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Scott Anjewierden ◽

Zheyi Han ◽

Charles B. Foster ◽

Chaitanya Pant ◽

Abhishek Deshpande

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Female Gender ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

Antibiotic Exposure ◽

H2 Receptor Antagonist ◽

Increased Risk

AbstractObjective:To summarize risk factors for Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium) difficile infection (CDI) in hospitalized pediatric patients as determined by previous observational studies.Design:Meta-analysis and systematic review.Patients:Studies evaluating risk factors for CDI in pediatric inpatients were eligible for inclusion.Method:We systematically searched MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE for subject headings and text words related to CDI and pediatrics from 1975 to 2017. Two of the investigators independently screened studies, extracted and compiled data, assessed study quality, and performed the meta-analysis.Results:Of the 2,033 articles screened, 14 studies reporting 10,531,669 children met the inclusion criteria. Prior antibiotic exposure (odds ratio [OR], 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31–3.52) and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.07–1.64) were associated with an increased risk of CDI in children. Subgroup analyses using studies reporting only adjusted results suggested that prior antibiotic exposure is not a significant risk factor for CDI. H2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) use (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.31–5.98) and that female gender (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.74–1.03) did not play a significant role as a risk factor for developing CDI.Conclusion:Prior antibiotic exposure appears to be an important risk factor for CDI based on the combined analysis but not significant using adjusted studies. PPI use was associated with an increased risk of CDI. Judicious and appropriate use of antibiotics and PPIs may help reduce the risk of CDI in this vulnerable population.

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Apolipoprotein ε4-Allele as a Significant Risk Factor for Conversion from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer’s disease: a Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies

Journal of Molecular Neuroscience ◽

10.1007/s12031-012-9934-y ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 257-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Ma Fei ◽

Wang Jianhua

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Prospective Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

Ε4 Allele ◽

Apolipoprotein Ε4

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Outcome of debridement, antibiotics and implant retention for staphylococcal hip and knee prosthetic joint infections, focused on rifampicin use: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofab298 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

H Scheper ◽

L M Gerritsen ◽

B G Pijls ◽

S A Van Asten ◽

L G Visser ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Joint Infection ◽

Success Rates ◽

Joint Infections ◽

Prosthetic Joint ◽

Prosthetic Joint Infections ◽

Implant Retention ◽

Important Evidence

Abstract The treatment of staphylococcal prosthetic joint infection (PJI) with debridement, antibiotics and retention of the implant (DAIR) often results in failure. An important evidence gap concerns the treatment with rifampicin for PJI. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the outcome of staphylococcal hip and/or knee PJI after DAIR, focused on the role of rifampicin. Studies published until September 2nd, 2020 were included. Success rates were stratified for type of joint and type of micro-organism. Sixty-four studies were included. The pooled risk ratio for rifampicin effectiveness was 1.10 (95% CI 1.00-1.22). Pooled success rate was 69% for S. aureus hip PJI, 54% for S. aureus knee PJI, 83% for CNS hip PJI and 73% for CNS knee PJI. Success rates for MRSA PJI (58%) were similar to MSSA PJI (60%). The meta-analysis indicates that rifampicin may only prevent a small fraction of all treatment failures.

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Who let the cats out? A global meta-analysis on risk of parasitic infection in indoor versus outdoor domestic cats ( Felis catus )

Biology Letters ◽

10.1098/rsbl.2018.0840 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 20180840 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Kayleigh Chalkowski ◽

Alan E. Wilson ◽

Christopher A. Lepczyk ◽

Sarah Zohdy

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

Domestic Animals ◽

Domestic Animal ◽

Parasite Transmission ◽

Toxocara Cati ◽

Negative Impacts

Parasitic infection risks in domestic animals may increase as a result of outdoor activities, often leading to transmission events to and from owners, other domestic animals and wildlife. Furthermore, outdoor access has not been quantified in domestic animals as a risk factor with respect to latitude or parasite transmission pathway. Cats are an ideal model to test parasitic infection risk in outdoor animals because there have been many studies analysing this risk factor in this species; and there is a useful dichotomy in cat ownership between indoor-only cats and those with outdoor access. Thus, we used meta-analysis to determine whether outdoor access is a significant risk factor for parasitic infection in domestic pet cats across 19 different pathogens including many relevant to human, domestic animal and wildlife health, such as Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara cati . Cats with outdoor access were 2.77 times more likely to be infected with parasites than indoor-only cats. Furthermore, absolute latitude trended towards significance such that each degree increase in absolute latitude increased infection likelihood by 4%. Thus, restricting outdoor access can reduce the risk of parasitic infection in cats and reduce the risk of zoonotic parasite transmission, spillover to sympatric wildlife and negative impacts on feline health.

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