THE REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF THREE IMPORTED HOLSTEIN HERDS IN IRAQ

The reproductive performance of three imported Holstein herds in Iraq was investigated in a field study. For this purpose a total number of 889 cows and heifers from three dairy stations that had been on a poor fertility management were palpated rectally for pregnancy determination. Of these, only 289 cows (32.5 %) were pregnant and 541 (60.85 %) were not pregnant. Regarding the non pregnant cows, 385 cows (70.38 % of the non pregnant, 43.3 % of the total) had a normal genital tracts (normal uteri and functional corpora lutea), indicating that they were cycling; the rest had palpable pathological findings; 69 (12.6 % of the total non pregnant) had ovarian inactivity, 56(10.2%) had purulent metritis; 14 (2.55 %) had cervical fibrosis; 12 (2.19 %) had cystic ovary and only two cows (0.36 %) had a mucometritis. The present data indicate low reproductive performance of these herds. Causes of high conception failure in these herds are discussed.

Diagonostic parameters of polycystic ovarian syndrome in outpatient setting

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathy in reproductive age women. PCOS has complex etiopathology, diverse clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria. Objective: Objective of this study was to find out the determinant clinical feature and investigations for improving diagnostic accuracy and assessment of PCOS, thereby evolving opportunity for proper treatment. Methods: This prospective cross sectional observational study was conducted in Islami Bank hospital, Khulna, from January 2017 to February 2020. Women seeking gynecological consultation in outdoor with at least one complaint of oligomenorrhoea, hirsutism, weight gain or infertility were enrolled for study. Subjects were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. A structured proforma, based on relevant history, laboratory work up, risk factors and co morbidities were prepared before-hand. Diagnosis of PCOS was based on Rotterdam criteria, 2003. The clinical manifestations of PCOS, frequency of different sub phenotypes and associated morbidities were measured as outcome. Results: Total study population was 202. Age of subjects were in between 13- 37 years. Thirty seven (18%) were adolescent, one hundred forty (65.7%) patients were overweight and obese. Majority of cases were married. Complaint of infertility was present in 125 (61.9%) cases. Oligomenorrhoea, hirsutism, poly cystic ovary was present in 145 (71.8%), 137 (67%), and 130 (64.4%) patients respectively. LH/FSH ratio >2 in 45 (22.3%) cases, Serum free testosterone >0.79 ngm/ml were associated with hirsutism. PCOS with clinical sub phenotypes A, B, C, and D were 38(18.9%), 72 (35.6%), 27 (13.4%) and 65 (32.2%) cases respectively. Case morbidities were Hypertension 75 (37.1%), Diabetes mellitus 18 (8.9%) and Metabolic syndrome 44 (20.1%). Link with Hypothyroidism Hyperprolactinemia were identified in 47 (19%) cases. Conclusion: Oligo-anovulatory woman with hyperandrogenism with or without poly cystic ovary were diagnosed as a largest group of PCOS-A and B sub phenotypes. Infertility, hypothyroidism, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and endometerial hyperplasia were common. Bang Med J Khulna 2020: 53 : 17-22

STUDY OF SERUM IRISIN AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE IN POLY CYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

OBJECTIVE: Poly cystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is clinically heterogeneous endocrine disorders. Insulin resistance-related proteins play a role in the etiopathogenesis of PCOS. Irisin is a newly identied myokine which act like adipokines. Irisin has been shown to be associated with insulin-resistance and metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this study was to determine the serum levels of irisin in PCOS patients and evaluate its association with insulin resistance. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty ve PCOS patients and eighty ve matched healthy controls were enrolled to study .Serum irisin levels , anthropometric and metabolic parameters including HOMA-IR were measured. Linear regression analysis was employed to study the relationship between irisin and metabolic parameters. RESULTS: Serum irisin level in PCOS patients ( mean value ; 0.50+0.07 ng/ml) was signicantly elevated when compared to control group ( mean value; 0.203+0.043ng/ml)(p value <0.001).Linear regression analysis showed that serum irisin was positively associated with body mass index , fasting insulin and lipid prole in PCOS patients. CONCLUSIONS: Serum irisin level of PCOS patients was high compared to that of healthy control subjects . In patients with PCOS , this situation may be due to insulin resistance .