Discrepancies in Bacterial Recovery from Dental Unit Water Samples on R2A Medium and a Commercial Sampling Device

The prime requirement for marine water studies is a competent sampling device that can collect water samples perfectly without any contamination to avoid false analysis.

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Adaptive Water Sampling Device for Aerial Robots

Drones ◽

10.3390/drones4010005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cengiz Koparan ◽

A. Bulent Koc ◽

Charles V. Privette ◽

Calvin B. Sawyer

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Dissolved Oxygen ◽

Water Samples ◽

Sensor Node ◽

Activation Mechanism ◽

Water Sampling ◽

Sampling Device ◽

Sampling Locations

Water quality monitoring and predicting the changes in water characteristics require the collection of water samples in a timely manner. Water sample collection based on in situ measurable water quality indicators can increase the efficiency and precision of data collection while reducing the cost of laboratory analyses. The objective of this research was to develop an adaptive water sampling device for an aerial robot and demonstrate the accuracy of its functions in laboratory and field conditions. The prototype device consisted of a sensor node with dissolved oxygen, pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, turbidity, and depth sensors, a microcontroller, and a sampler with three cartridges. Activation of water capturing cartridges was based on in situ measurements from the sensor node. The activation mechanism of the prototype device was tested with standard solutions in the laboratory and with autonomous water sampling flights over the 11-ha section of a lake. A total of seven sampling locations were selected based on a grid system. Each cartridge collected 130 mL of water samples at a 3.5 m depth. Mean water quality parameters were measured as 8.47 mg/L of dissolved oxygen, pH of 5.34, 7 µS/cm of electrical conductivity, temperature of 18 °C, and 37 Formazin Nephelometric Unit (FNU) of turbidity. The dissolved oxygen was within allowable limits that were pre-set in the self-activation computer program while the pH, electrical conductivity, and temperature were outside of allowable limits that were specified by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Therefore, the activation mechanism of the device was triggered and water samples were collected from all the sampling locations successfully. The adaptive water sampling with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-assisted water sampling device was proved to be a successful method for water quality evaluation.

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A New Sampling Device For Collection Of Uncontaminated, Discrete Water Samples During Hydrographic Profiling Operations

OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology ◽

10.1109/oceans.1992.607714 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

C. Albro

Keyword(s):

Water Samples ◽

Sampling Device

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A low cost multi-level sampling device for synchronous aseptic collection of environmental water samples

Journal of Microbiological Methods ◽

10.1016/j.mimet.2014.07.014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 105 ◽

pp. 51-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Michael L. McCormick ◽

Nikola Banishki ◽

Sarah Powell ◽

Amy Rumack ◽

Jinnie M. Garrett

Keyword(s):

Water Samples ◽

Low Cost ◽

Environmental Water ◽

Environmental Water Samples ◽

Sampling Device ◽

Multi Level

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Microorganisms Collected from the Surface of Freshwater Lakes Using a Drone Water Sampling System (DOWSE)

Water ◽

10.3390/w11010157 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 157 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

James Benson ◽

Regina Hanlon ◽

Teresa Seifried ◽

Philipp Baloh ◽

Craig Powers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Samples ◽

Ice Nucleation ◽

Culturable Bacteria ◽

Water Sampling ◽

Freshwater Lakes ◽

Sampling System ◽

Sampling Device ◽

Contour Maps ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Concentrations

New tools and technology are needed to study microorganisms in freshwater environments. Little is known about spatial distribution and ice nucleation activity (INA) of microorganisms in freshwater lakes. We developed a system to collect water samples from the surface of lakes using a 3D-printed sampling device tethered to a drone (DOWSE, DrOne Water Sampling SystEm). The DOWSE was used to collect surface water samples at different distances from the shore (1, 25, and 50 m) at eight different freshwater lakes in Austria in June 2018. Water samples were filtered, and microorganisms were cultured on two different media types, TSA (a general growth medium) and KBC (a medium semi-selective for bacteria in the genus Pseudomonas). Mean concentrations (colony forming units per mL, or CFU/mL) of bacteria cultured on TSA ranged from 19,800 (Wörthersee) to 210,500 (Gosaulacke) CFU/mL, and mean concentrations of bacteria cultured on KBC ranged from 2590 (Ossiachersee) to 11,000 (Vorderer Gosausee) CFU/mL. There was no significant difference in sampling distance from the shore for concentrations of microbes cultured on TSA (p = 0.28). A wireless bathymetry sensor was tethered to the drone to map temperature and depth across the sampling domain of each of the lakes. At the 50 m distance from the shore, temperature ranged from 17 (Hinterer Gosausee, and Gosaulacke) to 26 °C (Wörthersee), and depth ranged from 2.8 (Gosaulacke) to 11.1 m (Grundlsee). Contour maps of concentrations of culturable bacteria across the drone sampling domain revealed areas of high concentrations (hot spots) in some of the lakes. The percentage of ice-nucleation active (ice+) bacteria cultured on KBC ranged from 0% (0/64) (Wörthersee) to 58% (42/72) (Vorderer Gosausee), with a mean of 28% (153/544) for the entire sample set. Future work aims to elucidate the structure and function of entire microbial assemblages within and among the Austrian lakes.

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Calibration and field application of a molecularly imprinted membrane-passive sampler for the sampling of indicator polychlorinated biphenyls in selected aquatic environments of South Africa

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2019.044 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 79 (5) ◽

pp. 808-819 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dennis S. Mkhize ◽

Laura P. Quinn ◽

Hlengilizwe Nyoni ◽

Bhekie B. Mamba ◽

Titus A. M. Msagati

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽

Water Samples ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Field Application ◽

Passive Sampler ◽

Passive Samplers ◽

Sampling Device ◽

Grab Sampling ◽

Molecularly Imprinted

Abstract A passive sampling device, based on molecularly imprinted membranes (MIM), was fabricated and optimised for sampling polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in aquatic ecosystems. The newly-developed passive sampler was subjected to in-situ calibration studies to determine PCB sampling rates under various conditions of water turbulence and temperature. This was carried out by exposing the passive samplers to water spiked with PCBs in a continuous-flow exposure setup. The samplers were preloaded with known concentrations of performance reference compounds (PRCs) prior to exposure. Sampling rates of seven indicator PCBs' congeners (PCBs 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153 and 180) ranged between 15.3 and 95.6 L/d for the different environmental conditions investigated. To determine the field suitability, the samplers were preloaded with PRCs and deployed for 10 days at the Roodeplaat and Hartbeespoort Dams, in South Africa. Water samples were taken at the end of the deployment period to compare the spot-and-grab samples to the developed samplers. PCBs 28, 101 and 138 were detected in the samplers deployed at Hartbeespoort Dam. The samplers deployed at the Roodeplaat Dam had quantifiable amounts of PCBs 28, 52, 101, 138 and 180 (0.047–0.828 ng mL−1 d−1). The sampler enhanced the detectability of PCB 52 and PCB 180, which were not detected in water samples. The field suitability trials indicated that the developed sampler could successfully be used for PCB monitoring. The sampler enhanced the detection of PCBs that would otherwise be too low to detect in samples collected through the traditional spot-and-grab sampling technique.

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Pollutant Identification by Selected Area Electron Diffraction

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100052675 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 532-533

Author(s):

R. E. Ferrell ◽

G. G. Paulson ◽

C. W. Walker

Keyword(s):

Thermal Treatment ◽

Electron Diffraction ◽

Sample Preparation ◽

Crystal Structures ◽

Water Samples ◽

Environmental Samples ◽

Short Review ◽

Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽

Multiple Component

Selected area electron diffraction (SAD) has been used successfully to determine crystal structures, identify traces of minerals in rocks, and characterize the phases formed during thermal treatment of micron-sized particles. There is an increased interest in the method because it has the potential capability of identifying micron-sized pollutants in air and water samples. This paper is a short review of the theory behind SAD and a discussion of the sample preparation employed for the analysis of multiple component environmental samples.

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Enumeration and Identification of Asbestos Fibres in Water

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010005264x ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 526-527 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

O. Mudroch ◽

J. R. Kramer

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Water Samples ◽

Drainage Basin ◽

Lake Superior ◽

Research Work ◽

List Type ◽

The West ◽

Asbestos Fibre ◽

Amphibole Asbestos

Approximately 60,000 tons per day of waste from taconite mining, tailing, are added to the west arm of Lake Superior at Silver Bay. Tailings contain nearly the same amount of quartz and amphibole asbestos, cummingtonite and actinolite in fibrous form. Cummingtonite fibres from 0.01μm in length have been found in the water supply for Minnesota municipalities.The purpose of the research work was to develop a method for asbestos fibre counts and identification in water and apply it for the enumeration of fibres in water samples collected(a) at various stations in Lake Superior at two depth: lm and at the bottom.(b) from various rivers in Lake Superior Drainage Basin.

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