Volumetric MRI study of the intrauterine growth restriction fetal brain

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 2110-2118 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Polat ◽  
S. Barlow ◽  
R. Ber ◽  
R. Achiron ◽  
E. Katorza
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Volumetric Mri ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Mri Study

Case 3: A Term Newborn with Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Severe Fetal Brain Anomalies

NeoReviews ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. e616-e619
Author(s):  
Fatimo Biobaku ◽  
Kikelomo Babata ◽  
Hayley Friedman ◽  
Amanda Goddard ◽  
Elizabeth Yen
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Term Newborn ◽  
Brain Anomalies

scholarly journals Brain Sparing Effect on Neurodevelopment in Children with Intrauterine Growth Restriction: A Systematic Review

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 745
Author(s):  
María José Benítez-Marín ◽  
Jesús Marín-Clavijo ◽  
Juan Antonio Blanco-Elena ◽  
Jesús Jiménez-López ◽  
Ernesto González-Mesa
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Academic Difficulties ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Poor Cognitive Function ◽  
Sparing Effect ◽  
The Brain

Background: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a pregnancy complication. Multiple studies have connected FGR to poor cognitive development, behavior disorders, and academic difficulties during childhood. Brain sparing has traditionally been defined as an adaptive phenomenon in which the brain obtains the blood flow that it needs. However, this adaptive phenomenon might not have a complete protective effect. This publication aims to systematically review the consequences of brain redistribution on neurodevelopment in children who presented with placental intrauterine growth restriction. Methods: We performed a systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines. It included studies on intrauterine growth restriction or small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses, which middle cerebral artery was measured, and neurodevelopment assessed during childhood. PUBMED and EMBASE databases were searched for relevant published studies. Results: Of the 526 studies reviewed, only 12 were included. Brain sparing was associated with poor cognitive function and lower scores in IQ. Cerebral redistribution was related to better executive function and better behavior at 4 years old but not at 12 years old. Conclusions: We can assume that fetal brain sparing could not be a fully protective phenomenon. We could not find clinical differences in behavioral and executive functions because the results were heterogeneous. Some cognitive abilities could be affected in FGR brain sparing fetuses.

Alterations in placental long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in human intrauterine growth restriction

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 595-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Skuby Chassen ◽  
Veronique Ferchaud-Roucher ◽  
Madhulika B. Gupta ◽  
Thomas Jansson ◽  
Theresa L. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Triglyceride Fraction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Perilipin 2 ◽  
Long Chain

Fatty acids (FA) are critical for fetal brain development and are transferred across the placenta by membrane-bound FA transport proteins (FATP), translocases (FAT/CD36), and cytosolic binding proteins (FABP). The cytosolic protein perilipin-2 aids in neutral lipid storage within lipid droplets. Decreased placental nutrient transport is believed to contribute to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR); however, IUGR placental lipid transport and metabolism are poorly understood. We hypothesized that protein expression of FATPs, FABPs, and perilipin-2 in human placenta is decreased and placental lipid content and incorporation into lipid classes are reduced in IUGR. Placental tissue of idiopathic IUGR (n=25) and gestational age-matched, appropriately grown for gestational age (AGA) fetuses (n=19) was collected. We determined protein expression of FABP4 and perilipin-2 in placental homogenate and FATPs (2, 4, 6, CD36) in syncytiotrophoblast microvillous plasma membrane (MVM) by Western blot. Lipid droplet area (Oil Red O stain) and cellular FA content (GC/MS) were measured in chorionic villous tissue. MVM expression of FATP6 and CD36 was significantly increased in IUGR. The concentrations of seven n−6 and n−3 species long chain polyunsaturated FAs (LCPUFA) were significantly increased in the triglyceride fraction in IUGR vs AGA placenta. In summary, MVM FATP6 and CD36 protein expression is increased and LCPUFA are preferentially routed toward cellular storage in TG in the IUGR placenta, possibly to protect against oxidative stress associated with cellular FA accumulation. We speculate that these changes may be caused by impaired efflux of FA across the fetal-facing syncytiotrophoblast basal plasma membrane in IUGR placenta.

scholarly journals INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION (IUGR) ACCELERATES PRIMATE CARDIAC AGING: A FUNCTIONAL MRI STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 860-860
Author(s):  
A. Kuo ◽  
H.F. Huber ◽  
C. Li ◽  
P. Nathanielsz ◽  
G. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Functional Mri ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Cardiac Aging ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Mri Study

scholarly journals Doppler changes in the main fetal brain arteries at different stages of hemodynamic adaptation in severe intrauterine growth restriction

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Figueroa-Diesel ◽  
E. Hernandez-Andrade ◽  
R. Acosta-Rojas ◽  
L. Cabero ◽  
E. Gratacos
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Brain Arteries

Pathological features of the sequence in pregnant women with delayed fetal growth

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
V.O. Golyanovskiy ◽  
◽  
Ye.O. Didyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Infection And Inflammation

Pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) have an increased risk of adverse perinatal and long-term complications compared with the birth of children with normal body weight. Thus, IUGR is one of the main challenges for the global health system, especially in poor and developing countries. Morpho-functional studies of the placentas help in determining the causes of IUGR, and therefore, timely prevent complications in pregnant women with IUGR. The objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate various morphometric and pathomorphological changes in the placenta, including inflammatory, in cases of IUGR, and to establish a correlation of these results with the etiology and complications for the fetus. Materials and methods. In the current study, 54 placentas of the fetuses with IUGR (the main group) were compared with 50 placentas of the fetuses with normal development (control group). The criteria for the inclusion of IUGR were gestational age more than 30 weeks and all fetuses with a weight less than 10th percentile for this period of pregnancy. The placenta material was studied pathomorphologically with laboratory screening for infection and inflammation. Similarly, the results were determined for placentas of the fetuses with normal development compared to placentas with IUGR. Results. The placenta study showed the presence of calcification in the case of IUGR, as well as in the case of prolonged pregnancy. However, calcification of the placenta in the case of IUGR was more progressive compared with placenta in the normal pregnancy. In addition, the presence of intrauterine infection and inflammation was observed, which could also lead to an adverse outcome for the further progression of pregnancy with IUGR. Conclusion. A comparative macro- and microscopic pathomorphological study of the placentas in the two groups has shown a significant increase in the pathological changes in all the anatomical structures of the fetuses with IUGR. Key words: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), fetal weight, pathomorphological changes of the placenta.

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