scholarly journals INFRAFRONTIER quality principles in systemic phenotyping

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilke Ehlich ◽  
Heather L. Cater ◽  
Ann M. Flenniken ◽  
Isabelle Goncalves Da Cruz ◽  
Anne-Marie Mura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Quality ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Quality Principles ◽  
Trained Personnel ◽  
Service Areas ◽  
Mammalian Genomes ◽  
Quality Framework ◽  
Operational Activities

AbstractImproving reproducibility and replicability in preclinical research is a widely discussed and pertinent topic, especially regarding ethical responsibility in animal research. INFRAFRONTIER, the European Research Infrastructure for the generation, phenotyping, archiving, and distribution of model mammalian genomes, is addressing this issue by developing internal quality principles for its different service areas, that provides a quality framework for its operational activities. This article introduces the INFRAFRONTIER Quality Principles in Systemic Phenotyping of genetically altered mouse models. A total of 11 key principles are included, ranging from general requirements for compliance with guidelines on animal testing, to the need for well-trained personnel and more specific standards such as the exchange of reference lines. Recently established requirements such as the provision of FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) data are also addressed. For each quality principle, we have outlined the specific context, requirements, further recommendations, and key references.

scholarly journals New Endeavors of (Micro)Tissue Engineering: Cells Tissues Organs on-Chip and Communication Thereof

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Haysam M.M.A.M. Ahmed ◽  
Liliana S. Moreira Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Human Stem Cells ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
On Chip

The development of new therapies is tremendously hampered by the insufficient availability of human model systems suitable for preclinical research on disease target identification, drug efficacy, and toxicity. Thus, drug failures in clinical trials are too common and too costly. Animal models or standard 2D in vitro tissue cultures, regardless of whether they are human based, are regularly not representative of specific human responses. Approaching near human tissues and organs test systems is the key goal of organs-on-chips (OoC) technology. This technology is currently showing its potential to reduce both drug development costs and time-to-market, while critically lessening animal testing. OoC are based on human (stem) cells, potentially derived from healthy or disease-affected patients, thereby amenable to personalized therapy development. It is noteworthy that the OoC market potential goes beyond pharma, with the possibility to test cosmetics, food additives, or environmental contaminants. This (micro)tissue engineering-based technology is highly multidisciplinary, combining fields such as (developmental) biology, (bio)materials, microfluidics, sensors, and imaging. The enormous potential of OoC is currently facing an exciting new challenge: emulating cross-communication between tissues and organs, to simulate more complex systemic responses, such as in cancer, or restricted to confined environments, as occurs in osteoarthritis. This review describes key examples of multiorgan/tissue-on-chip approaches, or linked organs/tissues-on-chip, focusing on challenges and promising new avenues of this advanced model system. Additionally, major emphasis is given to the translation of established tissue engineering approaches, bottom up and top down, towards the development of more complex, robust, and representative (multi)organ/tissue-on-chip approaches.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI PROFIL BUDAYA ORGANISASI YANG MENDUKUNG IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM PENJAMINAN MUTU PERGURUAN TINGGI

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debby Willar ◽  
Jerry Linton ◽  
Revleen Kaparang
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Iso 9001 ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Quality Assurance System ◽  
Assurance System ◽  
Quality Principles ◽  
Keywords Quality Assurance ◽  
Clan Culture

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi implementasi Sistem Penjaminan Mutu Internal Perguruan Tinggi (SPMI-PT) Politeknik Negeri Manado yang mengacu pada Sistem Manajemen Mutu (SMM) ISO 9001, mengidentifikasi profil budaya organisasi Politeknik Negeri Mando, dan menganalisis hubungan antara implementasi SMM ISO 9001 dan budaya organisasi institusi. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan instrumen kuesioner. Penelitian menemukan bahwa implementasi delapan prinsip mutu ISO 9001 belum mencapai tingkat efektivitas yang maksimal dan tipe budaya clan mendominasi profil budaya organisasi institusi. Selain itu, juga ditemukan bahwa budaya clan berkorelasi signifikan dengan prinsip mutu kepemimpinan, keterlibatan orang-orang dalam aktivitas institusi, pendekatan proses dalam aktivitas institusi, pendekatan fakta untuk pengambilan keputusan, dan prinisp mutu bubungan yang saling menguntungkan; budaya market berkorelasi signifikan dengan prinsip mutu fokus pada pelanggan; budaya hierarchy berkorelasi signifikan dengan prinsip mutu pendekatan sistem untuk manajemen institusi, dan perbaikan terus-menerus. Hasil penelitian menjadi dasar bagi institusi untuk dapat mengembangkan budaya organisasi yang kuat sebagai pendukung dalam menerapkan SPMI-PTsecara efektif dan meningkat berkelanjutan. Keywords: sistem penjaminan mutu internal, budaya organisasi, perguruan tinggi IDENTIFICATION OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE PROFILE SUPPORTING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM Abstract: This research was aimed to evaluate the implementation of the Internal Quality Assurance System of the Higher Education (SPMI-PT) of Manado State Polytechnic based on the ISO 9001 Quality Management System (QMS), to identify the organizational culture profile of Manado State Polytechnic, and to examine the relationship between the implementation of ISO 9001 and the culture profile of the institution. Questionnaireswere used in order to achieve the research aims.The study found that the implementation of the eight ISO 9001 principles had not achieved the maximum level of effectiveness, and Clan culture dominated the profile of the organizational culture of Manado State Polytechnic.The research also found that: Clan culture was significantly correlated with the quality principles of Leadership, People Involvement, Process Approach, Factual Approach to Decision Making, and Mutually Beneficial Supplier Relationships;Market culture was significantly correlated with the quality principle of Customer Focus while Hierarchy culture wassignificantly correlated with the quality principles of Systems Approach to Management,and Continual Improvement. The findings are the basis for the institution to be able to develop a strong organizational culture as a driver in implementing the SPMI-PT effectively and sustainably. Keywords: quality assurance system, organizational culture, higher education

Modeling Deming’s quality principles to improve performance using interpretive structural modeling and MICMAC analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1159-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishant Mukesh Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Structural Modeling ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Micmac Analysis ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Quality Principles ◽  
Quality Framework

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the 14 principles of Edwards Deming and create significant relationships between them. No research has been reported on the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) using Deming’s 14 principles. To fill this gap, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and MICMAC analysis have been developed to understand mutual interactions among variables and find both the dependence and driving power of these variables. Design/methodology/approach The research paper discusses a blend of practical applications and introduces a theoretical framework. An ISM-based methodology is used to study and examine interactions between identified variables, while MICMAC analysis is used to identify the dependence and driving power. Findings This research utilizes Deming’s 14 quality principles, with experts from academia and industry consulted to identify contextual relationships among variables. The result shows that the stated principles “take action to accomplish the transformation,” “institute training,” “encourage education to employees” and “institute leadership” are strategic requirements, while “drive out fear,” “break down barrier between staff areas” and “eliminate numerical quotas” are tactical requirements. “Adopt the new philosophy,” “create constancy in improvement of product and service” and “cease dependence on mass inspections” are operational requirements for TQM applications. Originality/value An ISM-based quality framework, dependence power and driving power of variables using MICMAC analysis have been recommended to the service and manufacturing industry as a new focus area in the implementation of TQM.

scholarly journals Alternatives to animal testing in basic and preclinical research of atopic dermatitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 476-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Löwa ◽  
Marijana Jevtić ◽  
Frida Gorreja ◽  
Sarah Hedtrich
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Alternatives To Animal Testing

scholarly journals Preclinical Experiments for Hypospadias Surgery: Systematic Review and Quality Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq O. Abbas ◽  
Abubakr Elawad ◽  
Amir Kareem ◽  
Abdul Kareem Pullattayil S ◽  
Mansour Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Urethral Reconstruction ◽  
Scientific Quality ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Preclinical Research

Background: There is a steadily growing number of different reconstructive surgical procedures for hypospadias that were tested on animal models prior to their human application. However, the clinical translatability and reproducibility of the results encountered in preclinical urethral reconstruction experiments is considered poor, with significant factors contributing to the poor design and reporting of animal experiments. Our objective was to evaluate the quality of the design and reporting in published articles of urethral reconstructive preclinical studies.Methods: Both PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched for animal urethral repair experiments between January 2014 and September 2019. Internal quality (bias) was evaluated through several signaling questions arising from the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE), while the quality of reporting was assessed by the Animal Research: Reporting of In vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines by scoring of a 20-item checklist.Results: A total of 638 articles were initially screened after the literature search. Employing the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 studies were chosen for full-text screening and 21 studies were considered eligible for the quality assessment. The mean score of the checklist was 66%. The elements that accomplished the highest grades included the number of animals utilized, the number in each investigational and control group, and the delineation of investigational conclusions. The items that were least commonly stated comprised information about the experimental method, housing and husbandry, rationalization of the number of animals, and reporting of adverse events. No paper stated the sample size estimation.Conclusion: We found that several critical experiment design principles were poorly reported, which hinders a rigorous appraisal of the scientific quality and reproducibility of the experiments. A comprehensive implementation of the ARRIVE guidelines in animal studies exploring urethral repair is necessary to facilitate the effective translation of preclinical research findings into clinical therapies.

Use of backscattered electron image intensity signals to calculate the water/cement ratio of concrete

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 356-357
Author(s):  
R. J. Lee ◽  
A. J. Schwoeble ◽  
Yuan Jie
Keyword(s):  
Reliable Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rapid Measurement ◽  
Trained Personnel ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Backscattered Electron ◽  
Production Period ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Automated Procedures ◽  
Standard Density

Water/Cement (W/C) ratio is a very important parameter affecting the strength and durability of concrete. At the present time, there are no ASTM methods for determining W/C ratio of concrete structures after the production period. Existing techniques involving thin section standard density comparative associations using light optical microscopy and rely on visual comparisons using standards and require highly trained personnel to produce reliable data. This has led to the exploration of other methods utilizing automated procedures which can offer a precise and rapid measurement of W/C ratio. This paper discusses methods of determining W/C ratio using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) backscattered electron image (BEI) intensity signal and x-ray computer tomography.

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