A high resolution coupled ocean-atmosphere simulation of the regional climate over Central America

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasubandhu Misra ◽  
C. B. Jayasankar
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Central America ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Ocean Atmosphere

scholarly journals A High Resolution Coupled Ocean-atmosphere Simulation of the Regional Climate Over Central America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasubandhu Misra ◽  
C. B. Jayasankar
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Central America ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Precipitable Water ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Ocean Atmosphere ◽  
Global Reanalysis

Abstract This study analyzes a relatively high resolution (15km grid spacing), regional coupled ocean-atmosphere simulation configured over Central America. The simulation is forced with global atmospheric and oceanic reanalysis for a period of 25 years (1986-2010). The spatial resolution and the time period of the Regional Climate Model (RCM) simulation are both unprecedented for the region. The highlights of the RCM simulation include the verifiable seasonal cycle of mesoscale features like the low level jets, the mid-summer drought and the seasonal tropical cyclone activity both in the Pacific and in the Atlantic Oceans. Similarly, the seasonal cycle of the robust surface ocean currents in the eastern Pacific and the Costa Rica Dome is also well captured in the RCM simulation. The RCM simulation also resolves the seasonal cycle of the Panama-Colombia Gyre, the Gulf of Papagayo and the Gulf of Tehuantepec Gyre. In many instances we find the RCM improves upon the global reanalysis forcing the simulation, indicating the potential value of dynamic downscaling. Furthermore, the co-evolving components of the atmosphere and ocean in the RCM is an added benefit to the atmosphere only and ocean only global reanalysis forcing the simulation. However, the model displays significant biases that manifest in precipitation, precipitable water, SST and winds which could potentially be improved.

Transient high-resolution regional climate simulation for Greece over the period 1960-2100: evaluation and future projections

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Zanis ◽  
E Katragkou ◽  
C Ntogras ◽  
G Marougianni ◽  
A Tsikerdekis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Climate Simulation ◽  
Regional Climate Simulation ◽  
Future Projections

scholarly journals Antarctic ice shelf thickness change from multimission lidar mapping

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1801-1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler C. Sutterley ◽  
Thorsten Markus ◽  
Thomas A. Neumann ◽  
Michiel van den Broeke ◽  
J. Melchior van Wessem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Models ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Flux Divergence ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Thickness Change ◽  
Ice Shelves

Abstract. We calculate rates of ice thickness change and bottom melt for ice shelves in West Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula from a combination of elevation measurements from NASA–CECS Antarctic ice mapping campaigns and NASA Operation IceBridge corrected for oceanic processes from measurements and models, surface velocity measurements from synthetic aperture radar, and high-resolution outputs from regional climate models. The ice thickness change rates are calculated in a Lagrangian reference frame to reduce the effects from advection of sharp vertical features, such as cracks and crevasses, that can saturate Eulerian-derived estimates. We use our method over different ice shelves in Antarctica, which vary in terms of size, repeat coverage from airborne altimetry, and dominant processes governing their recent changes. We find that the Larsen-C Ice Shelf is close to steady state over our observation period with spatial variations in ice thickness largely due to the flux divergence of the shelf. Firn and surface processes are responsible for some short-term variability in ice thickness of the Larsen-C Ice Shelf over the time period. The Wilkins Ice Shelf is sensitive to short-timescale coastal and upper-ocean processes, and basal melt is the dominant contributor to the ice thickness change over the period. At the Pine Island Ice Shelf in the critical region near the grounding zone, we find that ice shelf thickness change rates exceed 40 m yr−1, with the change dominated by strong submarine melting. Regions near the grounding zones of the Dotson and Crosson ice shelves are decreasing in thickness at rates greater than 40 m yr−1, also due to intense basal melt. NASA–CECS Antarctic ice mapping and NASA Operation IceBridge campaigns provide validation datasets for floating ice shelves at moderately high resolution when coregistered using Lagrangian methods.

scholarly journals New Approach for Bias Correction and Stochastic Downscaling of Future Projections for Daily Mean Temperatures to a High-Resolution Grid

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 2617-2632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qifen Yuan ◽  
Thordis L. Thorarinsdottir ◽  
Stein Beldring ◽  
Wai Kwok Wong ◽  
Shaochun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Bias Correction ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Models ◽  
Climate Change Signal ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Data Product ◽  
Temporal Features ◽  
Stochastic Downscaling

AbstractIn applications of climate information, coarse-resolution climate projections commonly need to be downscaled to a finer grid. One challenge of this requirement is the modeling of subgrid variability and the spatial and temporal dependence at the finer scale. Here, a postprocessing procedure for temperature projections is proposed that addresses this challenge. The procedure employs statistical bias correction and stochastic downscaling in two steps. In the first step, errors that are related to spatial and temporal features of the first two moments of the temperature distribution at model scale are identified and corrected. Second, residual space–time dependence at the finer scale is analyzed using a statistical model, from which realizations are generated and then combined with an appropriate climate change signal to form the downscaled projection fields. Using a high-resolution observational gridded data product, the proposed approach is applied in a case study in which projections of two regional climate models from the Coordinated Downscaling Experiment–European Domain (EURO-CORDEX) ensemble are bias corrected and downscaled to a 1 km × 1 km grid in the Trøndelag area of Norway. A cross-validation study shows that the proposed procedure generates results that better reflect the marginal distributional properties of the data product and have better consistency in space and time when compared with empirical quantile mapping.

scholarly journals Evaluation of uncertainties in mean and extreme precipitation under climate change for northwestern Mediterranean watersheds from high-resolution Med and Euro-CORDEX ensembles

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 673-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Colmet-Daage ◽  
Emilia Sanchez-Gomez ◽  
Sophie Ricci ◽  
Cécile Llovel ◽  
Valérie Borrell Estupina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Models ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
Precipitation Events

Abstract. The climate change impact on mean and extreme precipitation events in the northern Mediterranean region is assessed using high-resolution EuroCORDEX and MedCORDEX simulations. The focus is made on three regions, Lez and Aude located in France, and Muga located in northeastern Spain, and eight pairs of global and regional climate models are analyzed with respect to the SAFRAN product. First the model skills are evaluated in terms of bias for the precipitation annual cycle over historical period. Then future changes in extreme precipitation, under two emission scenarios, are estimated through the computation of past/future change coefficients of quantile-ranked model precipitation outputs. Over the 1981–2010 period, the cumulative precipitation is overestimated for most models over the mountainous regions and underestimated over the coastal regions in autumn and higher-order quantile. The ensemble mean and the spread for future period remain unchanged under RCP4.5 scenario and decrease under RCP8.5 scenario. Extreme precipitation events are intensified over the three catchments with a smaller ensemble spread under RCP8.5 revealing more evident changes, especially in the later part of the 21st century.

Using convection-permitting climate models and a high-resolution distributed hydrological model to assess future changes in Alpine flash floods.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjanne Zander ◽  
Pety Viguurs ◽  
Frederiek Sperna Weiland ◽  
Albrecht Weerts
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Flood Frequency ◽  
Climate Dynamics ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
European Climate

<p>Flash Floods are damaging natural hazards which often occur in the European Alps. Precipitation patterns and intensity may change in a future climate affecting their occurrence and magnitude. For impact studies, flash floods can be difficult to simulate due the complex orography and limited extent & duration of the heavy rainfall events which trigger them. The new generation convection-permitting regional climate models improve the intensity and frequency of heavy precipitation (Ban et al., 2021).</p><p>Therefore, this study combines such simulations with high-resolution distributed hydrological modelling to assess changes in flash flood frequency and occurrence over the Alpine terrain. We use the state-of-the-art Unified Model (Berthou et al., 2018) to drive a high-resolution distributed hydrological wflow_sbm model (e.g. Imhoff et al., 2020) covering most of the Alpine mountain range on an hourly resolution. Simulations of the future climate RCP 8.5 for the end-of-century (2096-2105) and current climate (1998-2007) are compared.</p><p>First, the wflow_sbm model was validated by comparing ERA5 driven simulation with streamflow observations (across Rhone, Rhine, Po, Adige and Danube). Second, the wflow_sbm simulation driven by UM simulation of the current climate was compared to a dataset of historical flood occurrences (Paprotny et al., 2018, Earth Syst. Sci. Data) to validate if the model can accurately simulate the location of the flash floods and to determine a suitable threshold for flash flooding. Finally, the future run was used to asses changes in flash flood frequency and occurrence. Results show an increase in flash flood frequency for the Upper Rhine and Adige catchments. For the Rhone the increase was less pronounced. The locations where the flash floods occur did not change much.</p><p>This research is embedded in the EU H2020 project EUCP (EUropean Climate Prediction system) (https://www.eucp-project.eu/), which aims to support climate adaptation and mitigation decisions for the coming decades by developing a regional climate prediction and projection system based on high-resolution climate models for Europe.</p><p> </p><p>N. Ban, E. Brisson, C. Caillaud, E. Coppola, E. Pichelli, S. Sobolowski, …, M.J. Zander (2021): “The first multi-model ensemble of regional climate simulations at the kilometer-scale resolution, Part I: Evaluation of precipitation”, manuscript accepted for publication in Climate Dynamics.</p><p>S. Berthou, E.J. Kendon, S. C. Chan, N. Ban, D. Leutwyler, C. Schär, and G. Fosser, 2018, “Pan-european climate at convection-permitting scale: a model intercomparison study.” Climate Dynamics, pages 1–25, DOI: 10.1007/s00382-018-4114-6</p><p>Imhoff, R.O., W. van Verseveld, B. van Osnabrugge, A.H. Weerts, 2020. “Scaling point-scale pedotransfer functions parameter estimates for seamless large-domain high-resolution distributed hydrological modelling: An example for the Rhine river.” Water Resources Research, 56. Doi: 10.1029/2019WR026807</p><p>Paprotny, D., Morales Napoles, O., & Jonkman, S. N., 2018. "HANZE: a pan-European database of exposure to natural hazards and damaging historical floods since 1870". Earth System Science Data, 10, 565–581, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-565-2018</p>

scholarly journals Ocean-atmosphere interactions modulate irrigation's climate impacts

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nir Y. Krakauer ◽  
Michael J. Puma ◽  
Benjamin I. Cook ◽  
Pierre Gentine ◽  
Larissa Nazarenko
Keyword(s):  
Water Cycle ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Ocean Atmosphere ◽  
Ocean Atmosphere Interaction ◽  
Atmosphere Interaction ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Global Mean

Abstract. Numerous studies have focused on the local and regional climate effects of irrigated agriculture and other land cover and land use change (LCLUC) phenomena, but there are few studies on the role of ocean-atmosphere interaction in modulating irrigation climate impacts. Here, we compare simulations of the equilibrium effect of contemporary irrigation geographic extent and intensity on climate with and without interactive sea surface temperatures. We find that ocean-atmosphere interaction does impact the magnitude of global-mean and spatially varying climate impacts, greatly increasing their global reach. The interaction amplifies irrigation-driven standing wave patterns in the tropics and midlatitudes in our simulations, approximately doubling the global mean amplitude of surface temperature changes due to irrigation. Subject to confirmation with other models, these findings imply that LCLUC is an important contributor to climate change even in remote areas such as the Southern Ocean. Attribution studies should include interactive oceans and need to consider LCLUC, including irrigation, as a truly global forcing that affects climate and the water cycle over ocean as well as land areas.

scholarly journals Extreme Rainfall Projections for Malaysia at the End of 21st Century Using the High Resolution Non-Hydrostatic Regional Climate Model (NHRCM)

SOLA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (0) ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
Sheau Tieh Ngai ◽  
Hidetaka Sasaki ◽  
Akihiko Murata ◽  
Masaya Nosaka ◽  
Jing Xiang Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Extreme Rainfall

scholarly journals Contrasting seasonal changes in total and intense precipitation in the European Alps from 1903 to 2010

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Ménégoz ◽  
Evgenia Valla ◽  
Nicolas C. Jourdain ◽  
Juliette Blanchet ◽  
Julien Beaumet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Vertical Gradient ◽  
P Value ◽  
European Alps ◽  
High Elevations

Abstract. Changes of precipitation over the European Alps are investigated with the regional climate model MAR applied with a 7-km resolution over the period 1903–2010 using the reanalysis ERA-20C as forcing. A comparison with several observational datasets demonstrates that the model is able to reproduce the climatology as well as both the inter-annual variability and the seasonal cycle of precipitation over the European Alps. The relatively high resolution allows to estimate precipitation at high elevations. The vertical gradient of precipitation simulated by MAR over the European Alps reaches 33 % km−1 (1.21 mm.day−1.km−1) in summer and 38 % km−1 (1.15 mm.day−1.km−1) in winter, on average over 1971–2008 and shows a large spatial variability. A significant (p-value 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document