scholarly journals Does the choice of the reference model affect the results of 3D-3D superimposition procedure? A comparison of different protocols for personal identification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Palamenghi ◽  
Danilo De Angelis ◽  
Michaela Cellina ◽  
Chiarella Sforza ◽  
Cristina Cattaneo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Model ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Frontal Sinuses ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
Point Distance ◽  
First Time ◽  
Model Affect ◽  
3D Superimposition

AbstractIn literature, 3D-3D superimposition has been widely recognized as a valid method for personal identification. However, very little information is available about possible variability due to differences in protocols of registration of 3D models and calculation of RMS (root mean square) point-to-point distance. Frontal sinuses from 50 CT scans were segmented twice through the ITK-SNAP software and grouped in two samples (1 and 2). Maximum breadth, height and volume were measured. 3D models belonging to the same subject were then superimposed one on each other in 50 matches. In addition, superimposition of 50 random mismatches was performed. For each superimposition, the procedure was repeated four times choosing different reference models both for registration and calculation of RMS. Differences in RMS value among protocols of registration and RMS calculation were assessed through paired Student’s t-test (p < 0.05). Possible correlations between differences in RMS among groups and differences in frontal sinus size between the superimposed models were analysed through calculation of Pearson’s correlation coefficient (p < 0.05). Results showed that RMS calculation did not yield significant differences according to which 3D model is used as reference; on the other hand, RMS values from registration procedure significantly differ according to which model is chosen as reference, but only in the mismatch group (p < 0.001). Differences in RMS value according to RMS calculation are dependent upon all the three measurements, whereas differences according to registration protocols were significantly related only with the breadth of frontal sinuses but only in mismatches (p < 0.001). In no case, superimpositions of RMS values were found between matches and mismatches. This article for the first time proves that the protocol of registration and calculation of RMS significantly influences the results of 3D-3D superimposition only in case of mismatches.

scholarly journals Improving 3D-3D facial registration methods: potential role of three-dimensional models in personal identification of the living

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Gibelli ◽  
Andrea Palamenghi ◽  
Pasquale Poppa ◽  
Chiarella Sforza ◽  
Cristina Cattaneo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
3D Registration ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
Point Distance ◽  
Male Subjects

AbstractPersonal identification of the living from video surveillance systems usually involves 2D images. However, the potentiality of three-dimensional facial models in gaining personal identification through 3D-3D comparison still needs to be verified. This study aims at testing the reliability of a protocol for 3D-3D registration of facial models, potentially useful for personal identification. Fifty male subjects aged between 18 and 45 years were randomly chosen from a database of 3D facial models acquired through stereophotogrammetry. For each subject, two acquisitions were available; the 3D models of faces were then registered onto other models belonging to the same and different individuals according to the least point-to-point distance on the entire facial surface, for a total of 50 matches and 50 mismatches. RMS value (root mean square) of point-to-point distance between the two models was then calculated through the VAM® software. Intra- and inter-observer errors were assessed through calculation of relative technical error of measurement (rTEM). Possible statistically significant differences between matches and mismatches were assessed through Mann–Whitney test (p < 0.05). Both for intra- and inter-observer repeatability rTEM was between 2.2 and 5.2%. Average RMS point-to-point distance was 0.50 ± 0.28 mm in matches, 2.62 ± 0.56 mm in mismatches (p < 0.01). An RMS threshold of 1.50 mm could distinguish matches and mismatches in 100% of cases. This study provides an improvement to existing 3D-3D superimposition methods and confirms the great advantages which may derive to personal identification of the living from 3D facial analysis.

Application of 3D models of palatal rugae to personal identification: hints at identification from 3D-3D superimposition techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 1241-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Gibelli ◽  
Danilo De Angelis ◽  
Valentina Pucciarelli ◽  
Francesco Riboli ◽  
Virgilio F. Ferrario ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Models ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Palatal Rugae ◽  
3D Superimposition

Enzootic Activity of Chlamydia in Farms Located in a Hotspot Area for Zoonosis Emergence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezequiel Andres Vanderhoeven ◽  
Jessica P. Mosmann ◽  
Adrián Díaz ◽  
Cecilia G. Cuffini
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Chlamydial Species ◽  
Zoonotic Risk ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
First Time

Abstract Chlamydias are obligated intracellular Gram-negative bacteria, considered important zoonotic pathogens, broadly present in several bird species and responsible for economic losses in animal production. We analyzed the presence of Chlamydial species with zoonotic risk in farm animals in a highly biodiverse area and with great human circulation, the Argentine, Brazil and Paraguay tri-border area. We surveyed nine farms in an area and nasally swabbed a total of 62 animals. DNA was extracted and specific PCR was performed to identify chlamydial species. We detected Chlamydia spp . in 6.5% (4/62) of the animals tested, positive samples belonged to cattle and none of them showed symptoms of respiratory disease nor had been diagnose with reproductive diseases. Specific nested PCR confirmed two samples belonged to C. pecorum and two to C. psittaci . We report for the first time Chlamydia circulation with zoonotic risk in the region. Surveys in birds and wild mammals could give a better understanding to know what Chlamydial species are circulating in the wild interface. The zoonotic potential should be taking into account as farm workers and the surrounding population could be silent carriers or have respiratory diseases being underdiagnosed, and therefore should be considered in the differential diagnoses.

scholarly journals UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAMMETRY DIGITAL SURFACE MODEL (DSM) OF THE SUBMERGED SITE OF THE ANCIENT LIGHTHOUSE NEAR QAITBAY FORT IN ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W10 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Abdelaziz ◽  
M. Elsayed
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Digital Surface Model ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
3D Photogrammetry ◽  
First Time

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Underwater photogrammetry in archaeology in Egypt is a completely new experience applied for the first time on the submerged archaeological site of the lighthouse of Alexandria situated on the eastern extremity of the ancient island of Pharos at the foot of Qaitbay Fort at a depth of 2 to 9 metres. In 2009/2010, the CEAlex launched a 3D photogrammetry data-gathering programme for the virtual reassembly of broken artefacts. In 2013 and the beginning of 2014, with the support of the Honor Frost Foundation, methods were developed and refined to acquire manual photographic data of the entire underwater site of Qaitbay using a DSLR camera, simple and low cost materials to obtain a digital surface model (DSM) of the submerged site of the lighthouse, and also to create 3D models of the objects themselves, such as statues, bases of statues and architectural elements. In this paper we present the methodology used for underwater data acquisition, data processing and modelling in order to generate a DSM of the submerged site of Alexandria’s ancient lighthouse. Until 2016, only about 7200&amp;thinsp;m<sup>2</sup> of the submerged site, which exceeds more than 13000&amp;thinsp;m<sup>2</sup>, was covered. One of our main objectives in this project is to georeference the site since this would allow for a very precise 3D model and for correcting the orientation of the site as regards the real-world space.</p>

scholarly journals Emergence and Evolution of Enfuvirtide Resistance following Long-Term Therapy Involves Heptad Repeat 2 Mutations within gp41

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1113-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Xu ◽  
A. Pozniak ◽  
A. Wildfire ◽  
S. A. Stanfield-Oakley ◽  
S. M. Mosier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Heptad Repeat ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Compensatory Mutation ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Long Term Therapy ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to track the evolution of sequence changes in both the heptad region 1 (HR1) and HR2 domains of gp41 associated with resistance to enfuvirtide (ENF) in a patient cohort receiving long-term ENF treatment. We studied 17 highly antiretroviral agent-experienced patients receiving long-term ENF treatment with virological rebound or a lack of suppression. Sixty-two samples obtained after between 5 and 107 weeks of ENF therapy were analyzed. Baseline samples from 15 of these 17 patients were available for analysis. Viruses from five samples from four patients were also sequenced after the cessation of ENF therapy. Drug susceptibilities were assessed by a pseudotype virus reporter assay. We identified HR1 and HR2 sequence changes over time in relation to the baseline sequences. Mutations in HR1 (amino acids 36 to 45) were noted in all cases, including previously unreported changes N42Q/H and N43Q. In addition to a range of HR2 sequence changes at polymorphic sites, isolates from 6 of 17 (35%) patients developed an S138A substitution in the HR2 domain at least 8 weeks after the start of ENF treatment and also subsequent to the first emergence of HR1 mutations. In most, but not all, cases the S138A mutation accompanied HR1 mutations at position 43. Molecular modeling demonstrates the close proximity of S138A with amino acids 40 and 45 in HR1. Of note, isolates in samples available from four patients demonstrated the loss of both the HR1 and the S138A HR2 mutations following the cessation of therapy. We show that the S138A HR2 mutation increased the level of resistance by approximately threefold over that conferred by the HR1 mutation N43D. Continual evolution of HR1 in the domain from amino acids 36 to 45 was observed during long-term ENF therapy. We have identified, for the first time, an ENF resistance-associated HR2 mutation, S138A, which appeared in isolates from 6 of 17 patients with virological failure and demonstrated its potential to contribute to drug resistance. We propose that this represents a possible secondary and/or compensatory mutation, particularly when it coexists with mutations at position 43 in HR-1.

Building a Standard 3D Face Database Based on Planar Templates

2011 ◽  
Vol 48-49 ◽  
pp. 280-283
Author(s):  
Xin Xin Li ◽  
Xun Gong
Keyword(s):  
3D Models ◽  
Face Database ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
Matching Accuracy ◽  
Point Matching ◽  
Dense Point ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
3D Face Database ◽  
2D Space

This paper presents a new point matching method to solve the dense point-to-point alignment of scanned 3D faces. Texture maps of 3D models are generated at first by unwrapping 3D faces to 2D space. Then, we build planar templates based on the mean shape computed by a group of annotated texture map. 34 landmarks on the unwrapped texture images are located by AAM and the final correspondence is built according to the templates. Comparing to the traditional algorithms, the presented point matching method can achieve good matching accuracy and stability.

A 3D Optimized Frequency–Wavenumber (FK), Time–Space Optimized Symplectic (TSOS) Hybrid Method for Teleseismic Wave Modeling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijuan Meng ◽  
Dinghui Yang ◽  
Xingpeng Dong ◽  
Jian Ma
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Seismic Wave ◽  
Hybrid Method ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Memory Requirement ◽  
Time Space

ABSTRACT Although teleseismic waveform tomography can provide high-resolution images of the deep mantle, it is still unrealistic to numerically simulate the whole domain of seismic wave propagation due to the huge amount of computation. In this article, we develop a new three-dimensional hybrid method to address this issue, which couples the modified frequency–wavenumber (FK) method with the 3D time–space optimized symplectic (TSOS) method. First, the FK method, which is used to calculate the semianalytical incident wavefields in the layered reference model, is modified to compute the wavefields efficiently with a significantly low-memory requirement. Second, 3D TSOS method is developed to model the seismic wave propagating in the local 3D heterogeneous domain. The low memory requirement of the modified FK method and the high accuracy of the TSOS method make it feasible to obtain highly accurate synthetic seismograms efficiently. A crust–upper mantle model for P-, SV-, and SH-wave incidences is calculated to benchmark the accuracy and efficiency of the 3D optimized FK-TSOS method. Numerical experiments for 3D models with heterogeneities, undulated discontinuous interfaces, and realistic model in eastern Tibet, illustrate the capability of hybrid method to accurately capture the scattered waves caused by heterogeneities in 3D medium. The 3D optimized FK-TSOS method developed shows low-memory requirement, high accuracy, and high efficiency, which makes it be a promising forward method to further apply to high-resolution mantle structure images beneath seismic array.

scholarly journals Availability of Real-World Data in Italy: A Tool to Navigate Regional Healthcare Utilization Databases

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Edlira Skrami ◽  
Flavia Carle ◽  
Simona Villani ◽  
Paola Borrelli ◽  
Antonella Zambon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Healthcare Utilization ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Data Management System ◽  
Data Quality Control ◽  
Real World Data

The purpose of the study was to map and describe the healthcare utilization databases (HUDs) available in Italy’s 19 regions and two autonomous provinces and develop a tool to navigate through them. A census of the HUDs covering the population of a single region/province and recording local-level data was conducted between January 2014 and October 2016. The characteristics of each HUD regarding the start year, data type and completeness, data management system (DMS), data protection procedures, and data quality control adopted were collected through interviews with the database managers using a standard questionnaire or directly from the website of the regional body managing them. Overall, 352 HUDs met the study criteria. The DMSs, anonymization procedures of personal identification data, and frequency of data quality control were fairly homogeneous within regions, whereas the number of HUDs, data availability, type of identification code, and anonymization procedures were considerably heterogeneous across regions. The study provides an updated inventory of the available regional HUDs in Italy and highlights the need for greater homogeneity across regions to improve comparability of health data from secondary sources. It could represent a reference model for other countries to provide information on the available HUDs and their features, enhancing epidemiological studies across countries.

Analysis of Frontal Sinuses for Personal Identification in a Chinese Sample Using a New Code Number

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Roberto Cameriere ◽  
Roberto Scendoni ◽  
Zitong Lin ◽  
Chantal Milani ◽  
Luz Andrea Velandia Palacio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identification ◽  
Code Number ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
Frontal Sinuses

scholarly journals An Introduction to Fuzzy Testing of Multialternative Hypotheses for Group of Samples with the Single Parameter: Through the Fuzzy Confidence Interval of Region of Acceptance

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Manikandan Harikrishnan ◽  
Jeyabharathi Sundarrajan ◽  
Muthuraj Rengasamy
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Group Testing ◽  
Fuzzy Group ◽  
Classical Statistics ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
Sole Criterion ◽  
First Time

Classical statistics and many data mining methods rely on “statistical significance” as a sole criterion for evaluating alternative hypotheses. It is very useful to find out the significant difference existing between the samples as well as the population or between two samples. But in this paper, the researchers try to apply the concepts of fuzzy group testing of hypothesis problem between multi group of samples of same size or different, through comparing the parameters like mean, standard deviation, and so forth. Hence we can compare multigroups such that they have the significant difference in their mean or standard deviation or other parameters through the fuzzy group testing of multihypotheses. The authors introduced and investigated the concepts very first time through fuzzy analysis that can decide which group(s) or samples can be taken for further investigation and eitherH0is rejected or accepted and hence the next discussion provides the properties of group of samples which may result in the optimized solution for the problem.

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