scholarly journals Differences in morphology and visual function of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody and multiple sclerosis associated optic neuritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rino Vicini ◽  
Dominik Brügger ◽  
Mathias Abegg ◽  
Anke Salmen ◽  
Hilary Michelle Grabe
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein

Anti-myelin antibodies do not allow earlier diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
E T Lim ◽  
T Berger ◽  
M Reindl ◽  
C M Dalton ◽  
K Fernando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Myelin Basic Protein ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Resonance Imaging

This study investigates whether the presence of serum and plasma anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and anti-myelin basic protein (MBP) in patients presenting with a clinically isolated syndrome compatible with demyelination (CIS) predicts early conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS). Forty-seven patients with CIS (46 with optic neuritis) had anti-MOG and anti-MBP antibodies analysed at baseline, and clinical and magnetic resonance imaging assessments. There was no evidence that the MS status based on either the McDonald or Poser criteria relates to the antibody status.

scholarly journals CSF levels of glutamine synthetase and GFAP to explore astrocytic damage in seronegative NMOSD

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-611
Author(s):  
Iris Kleerekooper ◽  
Megan K Herbert ◽  
H Bea Kuiperij ◽  
Douglas Kazutoshi Sato ◽  
Kazuo Fujihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Csf Levels

ObjectiveTo explore levels of astrocytopathy in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) by measuring levels of the astrocytic enzyme glutamine synthetase (GS) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), an established astrocytic biomarker known to be associated with disease activity in multiple sclerosis.MethodsCerebrospinal fluid concentrations of GS and GFAP were measured by ELISA in patients with NMOSD (n=39, 28 aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-Ab-seropositive, 3 double-Ab-seronegative, 4 myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-Ab-seropositive and 4 AQP4-Ab-seronegative with unknown MOG-Ab-serostatus), multiple sclerosis (MS) (n=69), optic neuritis (n=5) and non-neurological controls (n=37).ResultsGFAP and GS concentrations differed significantly across groups (both p<0.001), showing a similar pattern of elevation in patients with AQP4-Ab-seropositive NMOSD. GS and GFAP were significantly correlated, particularly in patients with AQP4-Ab-seropositive NMOSD (rs=0.70, p<0.001). Interestingly, GFAP levels in some patients with double-Ab-seronegative NMOSD were markedly increased.ConclusionsOur data indicate astrocytic injury occurs in some patients with double-Ab-seronegative NMOSD, which hints at the possible existence of yet undiscovered astrocytic autoimmune targets. We hypothesise that elevated GS and GFAP levels could identify those double-Ab-seronegative patients suitable to undergo in-depth autoimmune screening for astrocytic antibodies.

MOG-Ab prevalence in optic neuritis and clinical predictive factors for diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 842-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Ducloyer ◽  
Angelique Caignard ◽  
Ramzi Aidaoui ◽  
Yolaine Ollivier ◽  
Guillaume Plubeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Bilateral Involvement ◽  
Optic Disc Swelling ◽  
Male Sex

ObjectiveWhat is the proportion of antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-Ab) in optic neuritis (ON) in adults and what would be the ON presentation for which MOG-Ab should be tested?MethodsMulticentric prospective study conducted during 1 year on all patients diagnosed with acute ON in all ophthalmological units in hospitals in a region in western France.ResultsSixty-five patients were included. MOG-Ab prevalence was 14% (9/65) during an acute ON and 13% (7/55) after exclusion of patients already diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) (8) or MOG+ON (2). Compared with MS and clinically isolated syndrome, MOG+ON had no female preponderance (67% of men in case of MOG+ON and 22% of men in case of MS and clinically isolated syndrome, p<0.05) were more often bilateral (44% vs 3%, p<0.005) and associated with optic disc swelling (ODS) (78% vs 14%, p<0.001). To predict MOG+ON, the positive predictive values (PPVs) of male sex, ODS and bilateral involvement were 29% (95% CI 9% to 48%), 41% (95% CI 18% to 65%) and 40% (95% CI 10% to 70%), respectively, while the negative predictive values (NPV) were 93% (95% CI 86% to 100%), 96% (95% CI 90% to 100%) and 91% (95% CI 83% to 99%), respectively. The combined factor ‘ODS or bilateral or recurrent ON’ was the best compromise between PPV (31% (95% CI 14% to 48%)) and NPV (100% (95% CI 100% to 100%)).ConclusionAmong ON episodes, MOG-Ab were found in 14% of cases. MOG+ON occurred without female preponderance and was significantly associated with ODS and/or bilateral ON. Testing MOG-Ab only in patients presenting with ODS or bilateral or recurrent ON would limit MOG-Ab tests to fewer than half of all patients without the risk of missing any MOG+ON cases.

The clinical spectrum associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (anti-MOG-Ab) in Thai patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 964-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasitorn Siritho ◽  
Douglas K Sato ◽  
Kimihiko Kaneko ◽  
Kazuo Fujihara ◽  
Naraporn Prayoonwiwat
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Visual Recovery ◽  
Central Nervous System Disorders ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (anti-MOG) antibody was reported in anti-aquaporin-4 (anti-AQP4) seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) patients. Objectives: To describe clinical phenotypes associated with anti-MOG. Methods: Seventy consecutive Thai patients with inflammatory idiopathic demyelinating central nervous system disorders (IIDCD) who were previously anti-AQP4 seronegative were tested for anti-MOG. Results: Anti-MOG was positive in six patients, representing 20.7% of the IIDCD anti-AQP4 seronegative patients with a non-multiple sclerosis phenotype, and most had relapses. All first presented with optic neuritis with good visual recovery after treatment. Conclusions: Anti-MOG positive patients may have manifestations that mimic NMOSD but differ in their course and prognosis from anti-AQP4 positive NMOSD.

scholarly journals Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Findings After Optic Neuritis in Multiple Sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olwen C. Murphy ◽  
Grigorios Kalaitzidis ◽  
Eleni Vasileiou ◽  
Angeliki G. Filippatou ◽  
Jeffrey Lambe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
History Of

Background: In people with multiple sclerosis (MS), optic neuritis (ON) results in inner retinal layer thinning, and reduced density of the retinal microvasculature.Objective: To compare inter-eye differences (IEDs) in macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) measures in MS patients with a history of unilateral ON (MS ON) vs. MS patients with no history of ON (MS non-ON), and to assess how these measures correlate with visual function outcomes after ON.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, people with MS underwent OCT and OCTA. Superficial vascular plexus (SVP) density of each eye was quantified using a deep neural network. IEDs were calculated with respect to the ON eye in MS ON patients, and with respect to the right eye in MS non-ON patients. Statistical analyses used mixed-effect regression models accounting for intra-subject correlations.Results: We included 43 MS ON patients (with 92 discrete OCT/OCTA visits) and 14 MS non-ON patients (with 24 OCT/OCTA visits). Across the cohorts, mean IED in SVP density was −2.69% (SD 3.23) in MS ON patients, as compared to 0.17% (SD 2.39) in MS non-ON patients (p = 0.002). When the MS ON patients were further stratified according to time from ON and compared to MS non-ON patients with multiple cross-sectional analyses, we identified that IED in SVP density was significantly increased in MS ON patients at 1–3 years (p = &lt; 0.001) and &gt;3 years post-ON (p &lt; 0.001), but not at &lt;3 months (p = 0.21) or 3–12 months post-ON (p = 0.07), while IED in ganglion cell + inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness was significantly increased in MS ON patients at all time points post-ON (p ≦ 0.01 for all). IED in SVP density and IED in GCIPL thickness demonstrated significant relationships with IEDs in 100% contrast, 2.5% contrast, and 1.25% contrast letter acuity in MS ON patients (p &lt; 0.001 for all).Conclusions: Our findings suggest that increased IED in SVP density can be detected after ON in MS using OCTA, and detectable changes in SVP density after ON may occur after changes in GCIPL thickness. IED in SVP density and IED in GCIPL thickness correlate well with visual function outcomes in MS ON patients.

Radiological differentiation of optic neuritis with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies, aquaporin-4 antibodies, and multiple sclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarshini Ramanathan ◽  
Kristina Prelog ◽  
Elizabeth H Barnes ◽  
Esther M Tantsis ◽  
Stephen W Reddel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Optic Tract ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Optic Pathway ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Extent Score ◽  
Tract Involvement

Background: Recognizing the cause of optic neuritis (ON) affects treatment decisions and visual outcomes. Objective: We aimed to define radiological features of first-episode demyelinating ON. Methods: We performed blinded radiological assessment of 50 patients presenting with first-episode myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated ON (MOG-ON; n=19), aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody-associated ON (AQP4-ON; n=11), multiple sclerosis (MS)-associated ON (MS-ON; n=13), and unclassified ON ( n=7). Results: Bilateral involvement was more common in MOG-ON and AQP4-ON than MS-ON (84% vs. 82% vs. 23%), optic nerve head swelling was more common in MOG-ON (53% vs. 9% vs. 0%), chiasmal involvement was more common in AQP4-ON (5% vs. 64% vs. 15%), and bilateral optic tract involvement was more common in AQP4-ON (0% vs. 45% vs. 0%). Retrobulbar involvement was more common in MOG-ON, whereas intracranial involvement was more common in AQP4-ON. MOG-ON and AQP4-ON had longer lesion lengths than MS-ON. The combination of two predictors, the absence of magnetic resonance imaging brain abnormalities and a higher lesion extent score, showed a good ability to discriminate between an autoantibody-associated ON (MOG or AQP4) and MS. AQP4-ON more frequently had severe and sustained visual impairment. Conclusion: MOG-ON and AQP4-ON are more commonly bilateral and longitudinally extensive. MOG-ON tends to involve the anterior optic pathway, whereas AQP4-ON the posterior optic pathway.

scholarly journals Case Report: Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Relapse With COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Woodhall ◽  
James W. Mitchell ◽  
Emily Gibbons ◽  
Sarah Healy ◽  
Patrick Waters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Plasma Exchange ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Visual Loss ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Causal Association

A 39-year-old lady with relapsing myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-IgG) associated disease developed coryzal symptoms, malaise, sweating, and postural dizziness. Six days later she presented with painful progressive right visual loss consistent with optic neuritis. COVID-19 was confirmed by nasopharyngeal swab and MOG-IgG serological reversion was noted. Visual function improved following steroids and plasma exchange. This case highlights a possible causal association between inflammation due to COVID-19 and a relapse of MOG-IgG associated disease. It also highlights the clinical relevance of reporting MOG-IgG titers in MOG-IgG associated disease.

scholarly journals Protective effects of 4-aminopyridine in experimental optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis

Brain ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 1127-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Dietrich ◽  
Valeria Koska ◽  
Christina Hecker ◽  
Peter Göttle ◽  
Alexander M Hilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Retinal Neurodegeneration

Abstract Chronic disability in multiple sclerosis is linked to neuroaxonal degeneration. 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) is used and licensed as a symptomatic treatment to ameliorate ambulatory disability in multiple sclerosis. The presumed mode of action is via blockade of axonal voltage gated potassium channels, thereby enhancing conduction in demyelinated axons. In this study, we provide evidence that in addition to those symptomatic effects, 4-AP can prevent neuroaxonal loss in the CNS. Using in vivo optical coherence tomography imaging, visual function testing and histologic assessment, we observed a reduction in retinal neurodegeneration with 4-AP in models of experimental optic neuritis and optic nerve crush. These effects were not related to an anti-inflammatory mode of action or a direct impact on retinal ganglion cells. Rather, histology and in vitro experiments indicated 4-AP stabilization of myelin and oligodendrocyte precursor cells associated with increased nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells. In experimental optic neuritis, 4-AP potentiated the effects of immunomodulatory treatment with fingolimod. As extended release 4-AP is already licensed for symptomatic multiple sclerosis treatment, we performed a retrospective, multicentre optical coherence tomography study to longitudinally compare retinal neurodegeneration between 52 patients on continuous 4-AP therapy and 51 matched controls. In line with the experimental data, during concurrent 4-AP therapy, degeneration of the macular retinal nerve fibre layer was reduced over 2 years. These results indicate disease-modifying effects of 4-AP beyond symptomatic therapy and provide support for the design of a prospective clinical study using visual function and retinal structure as outcome parameters.

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