scholarly journals Training status affects between-protocols differences in the assessment of maximal aerobic velocity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Riboli ◽  
Susanna Rampichini ◽  
Emiliano Cè ◽  
Eloisa Limonta ◽  
Marta Borrelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Exercise Prescription ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Training Status ◽  
Pulmonary Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Velocity Relationship ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Velocity ◽  
Incremental Protocol ◽  
Trained Runners

Abstract Purpose Continuous incremental protocols (CP) may misestimate the maximum aerobic velocity (Vmax) due to increases in running speed faster than cardiorespiratory/metabolic adjustments. A higher aerobic capacity may mitigate this issue due to faster pulmonary oxygen uptake ($$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2) kinetics. Therefore, this study aimed to compare three different protocols to assess Vmax in athletes with higher or lower training status. Methods Sixteen well-trained runners were classified according to higher (HI) or lower (LO) $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2max$$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2-kinetics was calculated across four 5-min running bouts at 10 km·h−1. Two CPs [1 km·h−1 per min (CP1) and 1 km·h−1 every 2-min (CP2)] were performed to determine Vmax$$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2max, lactate-threshold and submaximal $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2/velocity relationship. Results were compared to the discontinuous incremental protocol (DP). Results Vmax, $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2max, $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ CO2 and VE were higher [(P < 0.05,(ES:0.22/2.59)] in HI than in LO. $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2-kinetics was faster [P < 0.05,(ES:-2.74/ − 1.76)] in HI than in LO. $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2/velocity slope was lower in HI than in LO [(P < 0.05,(ES:-1.63/ − 0.18)]. Vmax and $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2/velocity slope were CP1 > CP2 = DP for HI and CP1 > CP2 > DP for LO. A lower [P < 0.05,(ES:0.53/0.75)] Vmax-difference for both CP1 and CP2 vs DP was found in HI than in LO. Vmax-differences in CP1 vs DP showed a large inverse correlation with Vmax, $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2max and lactate-threshold and a very large correlation with $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2-kinetics. Conclusions Higher aerobic training status witnessed by faster $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2 kinetics led to lower between-protocol Vmax differences, particularly between CP2 vs DP. Faster kinetics may minimize the mismatch issues between metabolic and mechanical power that may occur in CP. This should be considered for exercise prescription at different percentages of Vmax.

scholarly journals Increased lactate threshold after five weeks of treadmill aerobic training in rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 444-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
WH. Brito Vieira ◽  
MJE. Halsberghe ◽  
MLB. Schwantes ◽  
SEA. Perez ◽  
V. Baldissera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sedentary Control ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
Treadmill Exercise Test ◽  
Physiological Adaptations

The aim of the present study was to analyse the lactate threshold (LT) changes in rats submitted to an aerobic treadmill-training programme. Twenty-five Wistar rats were divided into two groups: a sedentary control group (CG), and a trained group (TG) submitted to an aerobic training during 5 weeks. All the animals were submitted to an incremental treadmill exercise test in order to determine LT. There was an increase in the maximum running speed in the TG (from 32.25 ± 1.27 to 47.75 ± 3.13 m.min–1 – p = 0.001), and running speed at LT (from 26.21 ± 1.15 to 35.30 ± 2.24 m.min–1 – p = 0.004), a part from the reduction in blood lactate at LT. LT can be determined in rats, and aerobic training induced positive oxidative physiological adaptations in the animals.

scholarly journals Effect Of Age And Aerobic Training Status On Plasma And Skeletal Muscle tPA And PAI-1

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S64???S65
Author(s):  
Ryan M. Francis ◽  
Christine M. Layman ◽  
Patrick M. Johnson ◽  
Paul R. Nagelkirk ◽  
Adam M. Coughlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Training Status ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Pai 1

Effect of aerobic training status on both maximal lactate steady state and critical power

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 736-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Coelho Greco ◽  
Renato Aparecido Corrêa Caritá ◽  
Jeanne Dekerle ◽  
Benedito Sérgio Denadai
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Critical Power ◽  
Training Status ◽  
Maximal Lactate Steady State ◽  
Incremental Test ◽  
Constant Work Rate

This study aimed at assessing the sensitivity of both maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) and critical power (CP) in populations of different aerobic training status to ascertain whether CP is as sensitive as MLSS to a change in aerobic fitness. Seven untrained subjects (UT) (maximal oxygen uptake = 37.4 ± 6.5 mL·kg–1·min–1) and 7 endurance cyclists (T) (maximal oxygen uptake = 62.4 ± 5.2 mL·kg–1·min–1) performed an incremental test for maximal oxygen uptake estimation and several constant work rate tests for MLSS and CP determination. MLSS, whether expressed in mL·kg–1·min–1 (T: 51.8 ± 5.7 vs. UT: 29.0 ± 6.1) or % maximal oxygen uptake (T: 83.1 ± 6.8 vs. UT: 77.1 ± 4.5), was significantly higher in the T group. CP expressed in mL·kg–1·min–1 (T: 56.8 ± 5.1 vs. UT: 33.1 ± 6.3) was significantly higher in the T group as well but no difference was found when expressed in % maximal oxygen uptake (T: 91.1 ± 4.8 vs. UT: 88.3 ± 3.6). Whether expressed in absolute or relative values, MLSS is sensitive to aerobic training status and a good measure of aerobic endurance. Conversely, the improvement in CP with years of training is proportional to those of maximal oxygen uptake. Thus, CP might be less sensitive than MLSS for depicting an enhancement in aerobic fitness.

Effect of Gender and Aerobic Training Status on Plasma and Skeletal Muscle Fibrinolytic Potential

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S549
Author(s):  
Jeffrey T. Lemmer ◽  
Christine M. Layman ◽  
Ryan M. Francis ◽  
Adam M. Coughlin ◽  
Paul R. Nagelkirk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Training Status ◽  
Fibrinolytic Potential

Relationship Between Running Velocity of 2 Distances and Various Lactate Parameters

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charilaos Papadopoulos ◽  
J. Andrew Doyle ◽  
Brian D. LaBudde
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Maximal Exercise Test ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Trained Runners

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between various lactate-threshold (LT) definitions and the average running velocity during a 10-km and a 21.1-km time trial (TT).Methods:Thirteen well-trained runners completed an incremental maximal exercise test, a 10-km TT, and a 21.1-km TT on a motorized treadmill. Blood samples were collected through a venous catheter placed in an antecubital vein. Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to determine the relationship between the running velocity at the different LT definitions and the average running velocity during each TT. A dependent t test was used to determine statistical differences for the mean lactate response between the 2 running distances.Results:The LTDmax, the point on the regression curve that yielded the maximal perpendicular distance to the straight line formed by the 2 endpoints, was the LT definition with the highest correlation for both 10-km (r = .844) and 21.1-km TTs (r = .783). The velocity at the LTDmax was not, however, the velocity closest to the performance velocity for either distance. The mean running velocity at each LT was significantly different and tended to overestimate the mean TT performance velocities. The mean lactate concentration during the 10-km TT (3.52 ± 1.58 mmol) was significantly higher than during the 21.1-km TT (1.86 ± 0.90 mmol).Conclusion:These results indicate that a single LT point cannot be reliably associated with different running distances. Furthermore, these data suggest that a different methodology for estimating the LT that considers individual responses might be required for different running distances.

Aerobic Fitness: Measurement and Issues

1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen H. Boutcher
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Psychological Responses ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Direct Assessment ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

The effects of aerobic fitness on psychological and behavioral variables are currently receiving increased attention. However, the results of past research in these areas are equivocal, mainly due to differences in the methods used to quantify aerobic fitness and the failure to address issues concerning adaptation responses to aerobic training. It is suggested that direct assessment of V02max and estimation of lactate threshold are currently the most suitable measures of aerobic power and adaptation responses to aerobic exercise. To better understand how aerobic fitness affects psychological variables, it is also necessary to consider genetic influences and level and mode of adaptation to aerobic training. It is suggested that there should be more focus on examining underlying mechanisms common to both aerobic fitness and the phenomenon of interest. This focus should integrate multiple adaptation patterns and physiological and psychological responses rather than measure solitary parameters.

scholarly journals Validity of the heart rate deflection point as a predictor of lactate threshold during running

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 452-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Vachon ◽  
David R. Bassett ◽  
Stephen Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Treadmill Test ◽  
Accurate Predictor ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Trained Runners ◽  
Conconi Test

During an incremental run test, some researchers consistently observe a heart rate (HR) deflection at higher speeds, but others do not. The present study was designed to investigate whether differences in test protocols could explain the discrepancy. Additionally, we sought to determine whether the HR deflection point accurately predicts lactate threshold (LT). Eight trained runners performed four tests each: 1) a treadmill test for maximal O2 uptake, 2) a Conconi test on a 400-m track with speeds increasing ∼0.5 km/h every 200 m, 3) a continuous treadmill run with speeds increasing 0.5 km/h every minute, and 4) a continuous LT treadmill test in which 3-min stages were used. All subjects demonstrated an HR deflection on the track, but only one-half of the subjects showed an HR deflection on the treadmill. On the track the shortening of stages with increasing speeds contributed to a loss of linearity in the speed-HR relationship. Additionally, the HR deflection point overestimated the LT when a continuous treadmill LT protocol was used. In conclusion, the HR deflection point was not an accurate predictor of LT in the present study.

Effect Of Age And Aerobic Training Status On Plasma And Skeletal Muscle tPA And PAI-1

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S64-S65
Author(s):  
Ryan M. Francis ◽  
Christine M. Layman ◽  
Patrick M. Johnson ◽  
Paul R. Nagelkirk ◽  
Adam M. Coughlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Training Status ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Pai 1
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