Effect of aerobic training status on both maximal lactate steady state and critical power

This study aimed at assessing the sensitivity of both maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) and critical power (CP) in populations of different aerobic training status to ascertain whether CP is as sensitive as MLSS to a change in aerobic fitness. Seven untrained subjects (UT) (maximal oxygen uptake = 37.4 ± 6.5 mL·kg–1·min–1) and 7 endurance cyclists (T) (maximal oxygen uptake = 62.4 ± 5.2 mL·kg–1·min–1) performed an incremental test for maximal oxygen uptake estimation and several constant work rate tests for MLSS and CP determination. MLSS, whether expressed in mL·kg–1·min–1 (T: 51.8 ± 5.7 vs. UT: 29.0 ± 6.1) or % maximal oxygen uptake (T: 83.1 ± 6.8 vs. UT: 77.1 ± 4.5), was significantly higher in the T group. CP expressed in mL·kg–1·min–1 (T: 56.8 ± 5.1 vs. UT: 33.1 ± 6.3) was significantly higher in the T group as well but no difference was found when expressed in % maximal oxygen uptake (T: 91.1 ± 4.8 vs. UT: 88.3 ± 3.6). Whether expressed in absolute or relative values, MLSS is sensitive to aerobic training status and a good measure of aerobic endurance. Conversely, the improvement in CP with years of training is proportional to those of maximal oxygen uptake. Thus, CP might be less sensitive than MLSS for depicting an enhancement in aerobic fitness.

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Reliability of time-to-exhaustion and selected psycho-physiological variables during constant-load cycling at the maximal lactate steady-state

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2016-0375 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 142-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Oliver Faude ◽

Anne Hecksteden ◽

Daniel Hammes ◽

Franck Schumacher ◽

Eric Besenius ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Steady State ◽

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Constant Load ◽

Time To Exhaustion ◽

Maximal Lactate Steady State ◽

Physiological Variables ◽

Load Tests

The maximal lactate steady-state (MLSS) is frequently assessed for prescribing endurance exercise intensity. Knowledge of the intra-individual variability of the MLSS is important for practical application. To date, little is known about the reliability of time-to-exhaustion and physiological responses to exercise at MLSS. Twenty-one healthy men (age, 25.2 (SD 3.3) years; height, 1.83 (0.06) m; body mass, 78.9 (8.9) kg; maximal oxygen uptake, 57.1 (10.7) mL·min−1·kg−1) performed 1 incremental exercise test, and 2 constant-load tests to determine MLSS intensity. Subsequently, 2 open-end constant-load tests (MLSS 1 and 2) at MLSS intensity (3.0 (0.7) W·kg−1, 76% (10%) maximal oxygen uptake) were carried out. During the tests, blood lactate concentrations, heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), variables of gas exchange, and core body temperature were determined. Time-to-exhaustion was 50.8 (14.0) and 48.2 (16.7) min in MLSS 1 and 2 (mean change: −2.6 (95% confidence interval: −7.8, 2.6)), respectively. The coefficient of variation (CV) was high for time-to-exhaustion (24.6%) and for mean (4.8 (1.2) mmol·L−1) and end (5.4 (1.7) mmol·L−1) blood lactate concentrations (15.7% and 19.3%). The CV of mean exercise values for all other parameters ranged from 1.4% (core temperature) to 8.3% (ventilation). At termination, the CVs ranged from 0.8% (RPE) to 11.8% (breathing frequency). The low reliability of time-to-exhaustion and blood lactate concentration at MLSS indicates that the precise individual intensity prescription may be challenging. Moreover, the obtained data may serve as reference to allow for the separation of intervention effects from random variation in our sample.

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Is maximal lactate steady state during intermittent cycling different for active compared with passive recovery?

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/h2012-105 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

pp. 1147-1152 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Camila Coelho Greco ◽

Luis Fabiano Barbosa ◽

Renato Aparecido Corrêa Caritá ◽

Benedito Sérgio Denadai

Keyword(s):

Steady State ◽

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Work Rate ◽

Active Recovery ◽

Maximal Lactate Steady State ◽

Passive Recovery

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of recovery type (passive vs. active) during prolonged intermittent exercises on the blood lactate concentration (MLSS) and work rate (MLSSwint) at maximal lactate steady state. Nineteen male trained cyclists were divided into 2 groups for the determination of MLSSwint using passive (maximal oxygen uptake = 58.1 ± 3.5 mL·kg–1·min–1; N = 9) or active recovery (maximal oxygen uptake = 60.3 ± 9.0 mL·kg–1·min–1; N = 10). They performed the following tests, on different days, on a cycle ergometer: (i) incremental test until exhaustion to determine maximal oxygen uptake; (ii) 2 to 3 continuous submaximal constant work rate tests (CWRT) for the determination of the work rate at continuous maximal lactate steady state (MLSSwcont); and (iii) 2 to 3 intermittent submaximal CWRT (7 × 4 min and 1 × 2 min, with 2-min recovery) with either passive or active recovery for the determination of MLSSwint. MLSSwint was significantly higher when compared with MLSSwcont for both passive recovery (294.7 ± 32.2 vs. 258.7 ± 24.5 W, respectively) and active recovery groups (300.5 ± 23.9 vs. 273.2 ± 21.5 W, respectively). The percentage increments in MLSSwint were similar between conditions (passive = 13% vs. active = 10%). MLSS (mmol·L–1) was not significantly different between MLSSwcont and MLSSwint for either passive recovery (4.50 ± 2.10 vs. 5.61 ± 1.78, respectively) and active recovery (4.06 ± 1.49 vs. 4.91 ± 1.91, respectively) conditions. We can conclude that using a work/rest ratio of 2:1, MLSSwint was ∼10%–13% higher than MLSSwcont, irrespective of the recovery type performed during prolonged intermittent exercises.

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Prior Heavy-Intensity Exercise’s Enhancement of Oxygen-Uptake Kinetics and Short-Term High-Intensity Exercise Performance Independent of Aerobic-Training Status

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2014-0131 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 339-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Renato A.C. Caritá ◽

Camila C. Greco ◽

Benedito S. Denadai

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Exercise Performance ◽

High Intensity ◽

Aerobic Training ◽

Critical Power ◽

High Intensity Exercise ◽

Training Status ◽

Short Term ◽

Prior Exercise ◽

Severe Intensity

Prior high-intensity exercise can improve exercise performance during severe-intensity exercise. These positive alterations have been attributed, at least in part, to enhancement of overall oxygen-uptake (VO2) kinetics.Purpose:To determine the effects of prior heavy-intensity exercise on VO2 kinetics and short-term high-intensity exercise performance in individuals with different aerobic-training statuses.Methods:Fifteen active subjects (UT; VO2max = 43.8 ± 6.3 mL · kg−1 · min−1) and 10 well-trained endurance cyclists (T; VO2max = 66.7 ± 6.7 mL · kg−1 · min−1) performed the following protocols: an incremental test to determine lactate threshold and VO2max, 4 maximal constant-load tests to estimate critical power, and two 3-min bouts of cycle exercise, involving 2 min of constant-work-rate exercise at severe intensity followed by a 1-min all-out sprint test. This trial was performed without prior intervention and 10 min after prior heavy-intensity exercise (ie, 6 min at 90% critical power).Results:The mean response time of VO2 was shortened after prior exercise for both UT (30.7 ± 9.2 vs 24.1 ± 7.2 s) and T (31.8 ± 5.2 vs 25.4 ± 4.3 s), but no group-by-condition interaction was detected. The end-sprint performance (ie, mean power output) was improved in both groups (UT ~4.7%, T ~2.0%; P < .05) by prior exercise.Conclusion:The effect of prior heavy-intensity exercise on overall VO2 kinetics and short-term high-intensity exercise performance is independent of aerobic-training status.

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Relationship Between Maximal Oxygen Uptake And Field Endurance Tests By Aerobic Fitness Level In Korean

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000517620.18154.8f ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 49 (5S) ◽

pp. 278-279

Author(s):

Bong Ju Sung ◽

Byoung Goo Ko ◽

Dae Taek Lee

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Aerobic Fitness ◽

Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽

Fitness Level ◽

Endurance Tests

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Oxygen uptake kinetics and energy system’s contribution around maximal lactate steady state swimming intensity

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0167263 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. e0167263 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jailton Gregório Pelarigo ◽

Leandro Machado ◽

Ricardo Jorge Fernandes ◽

Camila Coelho Greco ◽

João Paulo Vilas-Boas

Keyword(s):

Steady State ◽

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Oxygen Uptake Kinetics ◽

Uptake Kinetics ◽

Maximal Lactate Steady State

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Verification phase as a useful tool in the determination of the maximal oxygen uptake of distance runners

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/h06-023 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 541-548 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Adrian W. Midgley ◽

Lars R. McNaughton ◽

Sean Carroll

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽

Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽

Treadmill Running ◽

Distance Runners ◽

Peak Heart Rate ◽

Incremental Test ◽

Volitional Exhaustion

This study investigated the utility of a verification phase for increasing confidence that a “true” maximal oxygen uptake had been elicited in 16 male distance runners (mean age (±SD), 38.7 (± 7.5 y)) during an incremental treadmill running test continued to volitional exhaustion. After the incremental test subjects performed a 10 min recovery walk and a verification phase performed to volitional exhaustion at a running speed 0.5 km·h–1 higher than that attained during the last completed stage of the incremental phase. Verification criteria were a verification phase peak oxygen uptake ≤ 2% higher than the incremental phase value and peak heart rate values within 2 beats·min–1 of each other. Of the 32 tests, 26 satisfied the oxygen uptake verification criterion and 23 satisfied the heart rate verification criterion. Peak heart rate was lower (p = 0.001) during the verification phase than during the incremental phase, suggesting that the verification protocol was inadequate in eliciting maximal values in some runners. This was further supported by the fact that 7 tests exhibited peak oxygen uptake values over 100 mL·min–1 (≥ 3%) lower than the peak values attained in the incremental phase. Further research is required to improve the verification procedure before its utility can be confirmed.

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