Pistillody is caused by alterations to the class-B MADS-box gene expression pattern in alloplasmic wheats

Planta ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 218 (5) ◽  
pp. 712-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeo Takumi ◽  
Koji Murai ◽  
Eriko Hama ◽  
Yasunari Ogihara
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Class B ◽  
Mads Box Gene

scholarly journals Class B Gene Expression and the Modified ABC Model in Nongrass Monocots

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 268-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Kanno ◽  
Mutsumi Nakada ◽  
Yusuke Akita ◽  
Masayo Hirai
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Abc Model ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Class B ◽  
Mads Box Gene ◽  
Class B Gene ◽  
Modified Abc Model

The discovery of the MADS-box genes and the study of model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Antirrhinum majus have greatly improved our understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving the diversity in floral development. The class B genes, which belong to the MADS-box gene family, are important regulators of the development of petals and stamens in flowering plants. Many nongrass monocot flowers have two whorls of petaloid organs, which are called tepals. To explain this floral morphology, the modified ABC model was proposed. This model was exemplified by the tulip, in which expansion and restriction of class B gene expression is linked to the transition of floral morphologies in whorl 1. The expression patterns of class B genes from many monocot species nicely fit this model; however, those from some species, such as asparagus, do not. In this review, we summarize the relationship between class B gene expression and floral morphology in nongrass monocots, such as Liliales (Liliaceae) and Asparagales species, and discuss the applicability of the modified ABC model to monocot flowers.

VvMADS9, a class B MADS-box gene involved in grapevine flowering, shows different expression patterns in mutants with abnormal petal and stamen structures

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lekha Sreekantan ◽  
Laurent Torregrosa ◽  
Lucie Fernandez ◽  
Mark R. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Organ Identity ◽  
Class B ◽  
Mads Box Gene

VvMADS9, a MADS-box gene, from grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon has been isolated and its expression pattern studied in wild type Cabernet Sauvignon, Mourvèdre, and Bouchalès cultivars and mutants of the latter two genotypes showing abnormal petal / stamen structures. Sequence analysis showed that VvMADS9 was highly similar to PISTILLATA (PI), the class B gene that specifies the identity of petals and stamens in Arabidopsis. The temporal expression pattern of VvMADS9 studied through real-time PCR revealed that its expression was specific to flower development. The low levels of expression in the Mourvèdre mutant and the skewed expression pattern in the Bouchalès mutant as compared to their wild type counterparts suggested that VvMADS9 is involved in normal formation of petals and stamens. Through in situ hybridisation, expression of VvMADS9 was detected in stamens and weak expression on the basal regions of the petals. This suggested a possible role for VvMADS9 in specifying stamen and petal organ identity in grapevine similar to Class B genes in other species. All evidence thus pointed to the conclusion that VvMADS9 is an orthologue of PISTILLATA in grapevine.

scholarly journals Elevation of gene expression of Btg2, Gadd 153, and antioxidant markers in RONS-induced PC12 cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aravind P ◽  
Sarojini R. Bulbule ◽  
Hemalatha N ◽  
Anushree G ◽  
Babu R.L ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Pc12 Cells ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Differential Stress

Abstract Background Free radicals generated in the biological system bring about modifications in biological molecules causing damage to their structure and function. Identifying the damage caused by ROS and RNS is important to predict the pathway of apoptosis due to stress in PC12 cells. The first defense mechanisms against them are antioxidants which act in various pathways through important cellular organelles like the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Specific biomarkers like Gadd153 which is a marker for endoplasmic reticulum stress, Nrf2 which responds to the redox changes and translocates the antioxidant response elements, and Btg2 which is an antioxidant regulator have not been addressed in different stress conditions previously in PC12 cells. Therefore, the study was conducted to analyze the gene expression pattern (SOD, Catalase, Btg2, Gadd153, and Nrf2) and the protein expression pattern (iNOS and MnSOD) of the antioxidant stress markers in differential stress-induced PC12 cells. Peroxynitrite (1 μM), rotenone (1 μM), H2O2(100 mM), and high glucose (33 mM) were used to induce oxidative and nitrosative stress in PC12 cells. Results The results obtained suggested that rotenone-induced PC12 cells showed a significant increase in the expression of catalase, Btg2, and Gadd153 compared to the control. Peroxynitrite-induced PC12 cells showed higher expression of Btg2 compared to the control. H2O2 and high glucose showed lesser expression compared to the control in all stress marker genes. In contrast, the Nrf2 gene expression is downregulated in all the stress-induced PC12 cells compared to the control. Further, MnSOD and iNOS protein expression studies suggest that PC12 cells exhibit a selective downregulation. Lower protein expression of MnSOD and iNOS may be resulted due to the mitochondrial dysfunction in peroxynitrite-, high glucose-, and H2O2-treated cells, whereas rotenone-induced cells showed lower expression, which could be the result of a dysfunction of the endoplasmic reticulum. Conclusion Different stress inducers like rotenone, peroxynitrite, H2O2, and high glucose increase the NO and ROS. Btg2 and Gadd153 genes were upregulated in the stress-induced cells, whereas the Nrf2 was significantly downregulated in differential stress-induced PC12 cells. Further, antioxidant marker genes were differentially expressed with different stress inducers.

CNS gene expression pattern associated with spontaneous experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

2003 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Matejuk ◽  
Corwyn Hopke ◽  
Jami Dwyer ◽  
Sandhya Subramanian ◽  
Richard E. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune
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