Thyroid hormone-regulated expression of nuclear lamins correlates with dedifferentiation of intestinal epithelial cells during Xenopus laevis metamorphosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 221 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Hasebe ◽  
Mitsuko Kajita ◽  
Mari Iwabuchi ◽  
Keita Ohsumi ◽  
Atsuko Ishizuya-Oka
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Nuclear Lamins ◽  
Regulated Expression

Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase gene expression in rat intestine and Caco-2 cells: response to thyroid hormone

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (4) ◽  
pp. G775-G782 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Giannella ◽  
J. Orlowski ◽  
M. L. Jump ◽  
J. B. Lingrel
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Subunit Mrna ◽  
Atpase Gene

Expression of the Na(+)-K(+)-adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) gene family in rat intestinal epithelial cells was examined using RNA blot hybridization analyses. Rat intestinal epithelial cells express only the alpha 1- and beta 1-subunit mRNAs. A gradient in expression of alpha 1- and beta 1-subunit mRNA was seen along the villus-crypt unit in both jejunum and ileum, i.e., villus tip >> crypt cells. Regional differences in expression were observed along the intestine. alpha 1- and beta 1-subunit mRNA abundance was similar in jejunum, ileum, and colon while enzymatic activity was highest in the jejunum and lowest in the ileum. Administration of thyroid hormone to thyroidectomized rats increased the expression of alpha 1- and beta 1-subunit mRNAs in jejunum but not in colon. Hypothyroidism had no effect on subunit mRNA expression. The human intestinal cell line Caco-2 was also studied. These cells also expressed only the alpha 1- and beta 1-isoform mRNAs and demonstrated a developmental profile in both mRNA and enzymatic activity. Furthermore, in Caco-2 cells both alpha 1- and beta 1-mRNAs and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase enzymatic activity were stimulated by thyroid hormone. Caco-2 cells transfected with 5' flanking regions of the human Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase beta 1-gene linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene responded to 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) treatment with increased expression of CAT activity. This suggests that the 5' flanking region of the beta 1-gene contains a thyroid hormone response element and that T3 upregulation occurs at the transcriptional level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Regulated MIP-3α/CCL20 production by human intestinal epithelium: mechanism for modulating mucosal immunity

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (4) ◽  
pp. G710-G719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Izadpanah ◽  
Michael B. Dwinell ◽  
Lars Eckmann ◽  
Nissi M. Varki ◽  
Martin F. Kagnoff
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Mucosal Immunity ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Regulated Expression ◽  
Human Intestinal Epithelium

Human intestinal epithelial cells secrete an array of chemokines known to signal the trafficking of neutrophils and monocytes important in innate mucosal immunity. We hypothesized that intestinal epithelium may also have the capacity to play a role in signaling host adaptive immunity. The CC chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-3α/CCL20 is chemotactic for immature dendritic cells and CD45RO+T cells that are important components of the host adaptive immune system. In these studies, we demonstrate the widespread production and regulated expression of MIP-3α by human intestinal epithelium. Several intestinal epithelial cell lines were shown to constitutively express MIP-3α mRNA. Moreover, MIP-3α mRNA expression and protein production were upregulated by stimulation of intestinal epithelial cells with the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α or interleukin-1α or in response to infection with the enteric bacterial pathogens Salmonella or enteroinvasive Escherichia coli. In addition, MIP-3α was shown to function as a nuclear factor-κB target gene. In vitro findings were paralleled in vivo by increased expression of MIP-3α in the epithelium of cytokine-stimulated or bacteria-infected human intestinal xenografts and in the epithelium of inflamed human colon. Mucosal T cells, other mucosal mononuclear cells, and intestinal epithelial cells expressed CCR6, the cognate receptor for MIP-3α. The constitutive and regulated expression of MIP-3α by human intestinal epithelium is consistent with a role for epithelial cell-produced MIP-3α in modulating mucosal adaptive immune responses.

Nuclear transplantation from intestinal epithelial cells of early and late Xenopus laevis tadpoles

Development ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
J. A. Marshall ◽  
K. E. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Nuclear Transplantation ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Developmental Potential

The aim of these experiments was to test whether the developmental potential of nuclei from intestinal epithelial cells of Xenopus laevis tadpoles declined during the life of the functional larval gut. The results of transplantation of nuclei from three different stages of development were compared: stages 46–48, when feeding begins and while yolk is still present but before the formation of the typhlosole; stage 57, just prior to the onset of metamorphic reorganization; and stage 54, an intermediate stage. The results showed that there was no change in developmental potential of these nuclei during the life of the larval gut, thereby disproving the hypothesis that nuclear transplants from intestinal epithelial cells of early tadpoles of X. laevis will support extensive development because the cells are not fully functional. However, nuclei from the intestinal epithelial cells were less able to support development than blastula nuclei. It was concluded therefore, that the developmental potential of the gut nuclei is restricted relative to that of the blastula nuclei, but that these restrictions are reversed in a small proportion of cases.

Gene regulation by endogenous thyroid hormone receptors in intestinal epithelial cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 199 (3) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Fuad Alkhoury ◽  
Madhu Malo ◽  
Premraj Pushpakaran ◽  
Wenying Zhang ◽  
Elizabeth Fleming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Receptors ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial

Three-dimensional organization and functional relationships of endocytotic compartments in pig intestinal epithelial cells

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
Julian P. Heath ◽  
Buford L. Nichols ◽  
László G. Kömüves
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Cell Surfaces ◽  
Basal Surface ◽  
Functional Relationships

The newborn pig intestine is adapted for the rapid and efficient absorption of nutrients from colostrum. In enterocytes, colostral proteins are taken up into an apical endocytotic complex of channels that transports them to target organelles or to the basal surface for release into the circulation. The apical endocytotic complex of tubules and vesicles clearly is a major intersection in the routes taken by vesicles trafficking to and from the Golgi, lysosomes, and the apical and basolateral cell surfaces.Jejunal tissues were taken from piglets suckled for up to 6 hours and prepared for electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry as previously described.

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