Resting-state BOLD oscillation frequency predicts vigilance task performance at both normal and high environmental temperatures

Vigilance, or sustained attention, is the ability to maintain attention for extended periods of time. Recently, research on vigilance has focused on identifying individual differences and task design factors that may improve cognitive-based vigilance performance. One such factor is social facilitation, which leads to improved task performance when at least one individual is present. But, relatively little is known about the personality factors, such as extraversion or introversion, which may influence the effects of social presence, and in turn affect vigilance performance. Given this gap in the literature, the present research seeks to determine how personality, specifically extraversion, is related to vigilance performance in the presence of another individual. A total of 39 observers completed a 24-minute vigilance task either alone, in the mere presence of another person, or in the evaluative presence of another person (i.e., an individual monitoring their performance). The results indicated that extraversion was negatively correlated to the proportion of correct detections and sensitivity ( A’).

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Critical Dynamics in Spontaneous Resting-State Oscillations Are Associated With the Attention-Related P300 ERP in a Go/Nogo Task

Frontiers in Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnins.2021.632922 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Nadine D. Herzog ◽

Tim P. Steinfath ◽

Ricardo Tarrasch

Keyword(s):

Task Performance ◽

Sustained Attention ◽

Resting State ◽

Event Related Potential ◽

P300 Amplitude ◽

Time Variability ◽

Oddball Paradigm ◽

Continuous Performance Task ◽

Reaction Time Variability ◽

Attentional Deficits

Sustained attention is the ability to continually concentrate on task-relevant information, even in the presence of distraction. Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying this ability is critical for comprehending attentional processes as well as neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by attentional deficits, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this study, we aimed to investigate how trait-like critical oscillations during rest relate to the P300 evoked potential—a biomarker commonly used to assess attentional deficits. We measured long−range temporal correlations (LRTC) in resting-state EEG oscillations as index for criticality of the signal. In addition, the attentional performance of the subjects was assessed as reaction time variability (RTV) in a continuous performance task following an oddball paradigm. P300 amplitude and latencies were obtained from EEG recordings during this task. We found that, after controlling for individual variability in task performance, LRTC were positively associated with P300 amplitudes but not latencies. In line with previous findings, good performance in the sustained attention task was related to higher P300 amplitudes and earlier peak latencies. Unexpectedly, we observed a positive relationship between LRTC in ongoing oscillations during rest and RTV, indicating that greater criticality in brain oscillations during rest relates to worse task performance. In summary, our results show that resting-state neuronal activity, which operates near a critical state, relates to the generation of higher P300 amplitudes. Brain dynamics close to criticality potentially foster a computationally advantageous state which promotes the ability to generate higher event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes.

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Using principal components analysis to examine resting state EEG in relation to task performance

Psychophysiology ◽

10.1111/psyp.13327 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

pp. e13327 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Diana Karamacoska ◽

Robert J. Barry ◽

Genevieve Z. Steiner

Keyword(s):

Principal Components Analysis ◽

Task Performance ◽

Principal Components ◽

Resting State ◽

Components Analysis

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Multiple Neuronal Networks Mediate Sustained Attention

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/089892903770007416 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. 1028-1038 ◽

Cited By ~ 216

Author(s):

Natalia S. Lawrence ◽

Thomas J. Ross ◽

Ray Hoffmann ◽

Hugh Garavan ◽

Elliot A. Stein

Keyword(s):

Task Performance ◽

Sustained Attention ◽

Visual Information ◽

Cognitive Strategies ◽

Vigilance Task ◽

Neural Substrates ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽

The Neural Networks ◽

Task Irrelevant

Sustained attention deficits occur in several neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms are still incompletely understood. To that end, functional MRI was used to investigate the neural substrates of sustained attention (vigilance) using the rapid visual information processing (RVIP) task in 25 healthy volunteers. In order to better understand the neural networks underlying attentional abilities, brain regions where task-induced activation correlated with task performance were identified. Performance of the RVIP task activated a network of frontal, parietal, occipital, thalamic, and cerebellar regions. Deactivation during task performance was seen in the anterior and posterior cingulate, insula, and the left temporal and parahippocampal gyrus. Good task performance, as defined by better detection of target stimuli, was correlated with enhanced activation in predominantly right fronto-parietal regions and with decreased activation in predominantly left temporo-limbic and cingulate areas. Factor analysis revealed that these performance-correlated regions were grouped into two separate networks comprised of positively activated and negatively activated intercorrelated regions. Poor performers failed to significantly activate or deactivate these networks, whereas good performers either activated the positive or deactivated the negative network, or did both. The fact that both increased activation of task-specific areas and increased deactivation of task-irrelevant areas mediate cognitive functions underlying good RVIP task performance suggests two independent circuits, presumably reflecting different cognitive strategies, can be recruited to perform this vigilance task.

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Association of behavioral “Theory of Mind” Test performance with neurophysiological and vegetative parameters in schizophrenia patients and healthy subjects

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1443 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S766-S767

Author(s):

Z. Garakh ◽

Y. Zaytseva ◽

A. Morozova ◽

V. Strelets

Keyword(s):

Theory Of Mind ◽

Task Performance ◽

Resting State ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Chronically Ill ◽

Physiological Parameters ◽

Classification Model ◽

Imagery Task ◽

Mu Rhythm ◽

Chronically Ill Patients

IntroductionTheory of Mind (ToM) deficit is investigated by psychological and neurobiological methods using a range of social cognitive tests, including the verbal test Hinting Task. However, it remains unclear whether there is a connection between ToM results and the physiological characteristics in norm and in pathology.ObjectivesWe performed the comparison of Hinting Task performance in patients with schizophrenia and healthy subjects; analysis of correlations between Hinting Task performance with physiological parameters; discriminant analysis in order to classify subject groups according to predictors, including psychological and physiological parameters.MethodsWe measured Hinting Task, spectral power of the EEG mu-rhythm (SP) and heart rate (HR) at rest and during a motion imagery task in 114 right-handed subjects, 1st episode patients with schizophrenia (SCH1) n = 29, chronically ill patients with schizophrenia, duration of illness more than 5 years, (SCH2) n = 23, and healthy subjects (НС) n = 62.ResultsHinting Task rate: HC > SCH2 (P < 0.01), HC ≥ SCH1 (P = 0.07), SCH1 = SCH2 (P = 0.3). Only SCH1 Hinting Task score was associated with a complex of physiological parameters in the resting state [Multiple R = 0.78, F (3.25) = 13.31, P < 0.0001]. Discriminant function analysis of HC and the combined SCH group [F (7.106) = 7.078, P < 0.0000]. The samples were classified at 89% and 71%, respectively, including HR (P < 0.000001), SP in the resting state in C4 (P < 0.001), C3 (P < 0.01), SP changes in C3 (P < 0.05) and Hinting Task (P = 0.2).ConclusionsHinting Task Hinting Task is a part of classification model of norm and schizophrenia. Patients with first episode and chronically ill patients with schizophrenia do not differ in the studied parameters.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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