Prevalence and multilocus genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in Shanxi Province, northern China

Whole-plant corn silage is a predominant forage for livestock that is processed in Heilongjiang province (Daqing city and Longjiang county), Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Helin county and Tumet Left Banner) and Shanxi province (Taigu and Shanyin counties) of North China; it was sampled at 0, 5, 14, 45 and 90 days after ensiling. Bacterial community and fermentation quality were analysed. During fermentation, the pH was reduced to below 4.0, lactic acid increased to above 73 g/kg DM (p < 0.05) and Lactobacillus dominated the bacterial community and had a reducing abundance after 14 days. In the final silages, butyric acid was not detected, and the contents of acetic acid and ammonia nitrogen were below 35 g/kg DM and 100 g/kg total nitrogen, respectively. Compared with silages from Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia, silages from Shanxi contained less Lactobacillus and more Leuconostoc (p < 0.05), and had a separating bacterial community from 14 to 90 days. Lactobacillus was negatively correlated with pH in all the silages (p < 0.05), and positively correlated with lactic and acetic acid in silages from Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia (p < 0.05). The results show that the final silages had satisfactory fermentation quality. During the ensilage process, silages from Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia had similar bacterial-succession patterns; the activity of Lactobacillus formed and maintained good fermentation quality in whole-plant corn silage.

Download Full-text

Cultural adaptations to the Late Pleistocene: Regional variability of human behavior in southern Shanxi Province, central-northern China

Quaternary International ◽

10.1016/j.quaint.2012.12.008 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 295 ◽

pp. 253-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hong Chen ◽

Chun Chen ◽

Yiren Wang ◽

Chen Shen

Keyword(s):

Human Behavior ◽

Late Pleistocene ◽

Northern China ◽

Shanxi Province ◽

Regional Variability ◽

Cultural Adaptations

Download Full-text

Going Beyond the Western Pass: Chinese Folk Models of Danger and Abandonment in Songs of Separation

Modern China ◽

10.1177/0097700419874888 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (5) ◽

pp. 490-520

Author(s):

Levi S. Gibbs

Keyword(s):

Northern China ◽

Shaanxi Province ◽

Shanxi Province ◽

Public Language ◽

Left Behind ◽

Ethnographic Interviews ◽

Migrant Laborers ◽

Song Lyrics ◽

Folk Models ◽

Great Wall

From the early Qing dynasty (1644–1911) to the beginning of the People’s Republic, men in northern China from drought-prone regions of northwestern Shanxi province and northeastern Shaanxi province would travel beyond the Great Wall to find work in western Inner Mongolia, in a migration known as “going beyond the Western Pass” 走西口. This article analyzes anthologized song lyrics and ethnographic interviews about this migration to explore how songs of separation performed at temple fairs approached danger and abandonment using traditional metaphors and “folk models” similar to those of parents protecting children from life’s hazards and widows and widowers lamenting the loss of loved ones. I argue that these duets between singers embodying the roles of migrant laborers and the women they left behind provided a public language for audiences to reflect upon and contextualize private emotions in a broader social context, offering rhetorical resolutions to ambivalent anxieties.

Download Full-text

Identification of Double-layered Water-filled Zones Using TEM: A Case Study in China

Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics ◽

10.2113/jeeg23.3.297 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 297-304

Author(s):

Guoqiang Xue ◽

Dongyang Hou ◽

Weizhong Qiu

Keyword(s):

Field Survey ◽

Coal Mines ◽

Northern China ◽

Shanxi Province ◽

Well Drilling ◽

Borehole Logging ◽

Transient Electromagnetic ◽

Geophysical Technique ◽

Instrument Sensitivity

At present in China, the use of the transient electromagnetic method (TEM) is emerging as a leading geophysical technique for exploration of water-filled zones in coal mines. These zones are more conductive than the host coal and are easy targets to map. However, there is a growing interest for the investigations of double-layered or multi-layered mined-out zones. Therefore, it is necessary to study the feasibility of TEM's abilities to detect double-layered, water-filled voids. In this study, the basic hydrogeological conditions of a survey area, located in the northern China, are described. The corresponding geophysical models of the single- and double-layered water-filled zones are developed from borehole logging data. Then, forward calculations of different models are carried out with 1D numerical simulations. The modeling results show that it is feasible for TEM to identify these types of targets under certain conditions, including instrument sensitivity, low resistivity for the water-filled zones, and shallower depths. Moreover, the field survey for locating double-layered water-filled zones in coal mines in the Datong region of Shanxi Province is verified by well drilling.

Download Full-text