Climate Change and Odawa Cultural Plants in Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lake Shore

Climate change has been observed for hundreds of years by plant specialists of three Odawa Tribes in the Upper Great Lakes along Lake Michigan. Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore is the focus of two National Park Service-funded studies of Odawa Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) of plants and ecosystems and climate change impacts on these. Data collected during these ethnobotany studies were designed to contribute to a Plant Gathering Agreement between the tribes and the park. This essay provides an analysis of these observations derived from 95 ethnographic interviews conducted by University of Arizona anthropologists. Odawa people recognize in the park 288 plants and five habitats of traditional and contemporary concern. Tribal representatives explained how 115 of these traditional plants and all five habitats are known from multigenerational eyewitness accounts to have been impacted by climate change.

Networked Collective Symbolic Capital Revisited

This study attempts to illustrate identity performance via the display of symbolic capital by Taiwanese gay men through photo-sharing experiences on Instagram. For Taiwanese gay men, photo-sharing experiences on Instagram have become a significant venue where they can interact with selected publics through performing various personae. This study has classified roles with various forms of cultural capital as well as clarifying how distinction is meticulously maneuvered among collapsed contexts. Through ethnographic interviews with 17 gay male college students from Taiwan and textual analysis of their correspondence though texting on Instagram, this study first contextualizes how the interactional processes engaged in on Instagram help constitute a collective identity pertaining to Taiwanese gay men on Instagram. The photo-sharing experiences are examined as an identity-making process involving the display of various symbolic capital, illuminating the calculated performance of taste and the collective past oppressed by the heteronormative society. The conclusion offers an alternative sociological intervention that goes beyond the notion of digital narcissism to help understand how the cultural capital on the presumption of photo-sharing experiences is invested.

Analysis of Existential Feminism Struggle of Women Online Drivers During the Covid-19 Pandemic

<p align="center"> </p><p><em>This article discusses the women's movement to sustain its existentialism in the COVID-19 pandemic by moving and taking high risks to become female online drivers. Based on research conducted by Simone De Beauvoir, who analyzed the film "The Second Sex" using existentialist feminism theory, women are often used as objects and men as subjects because of the man's masculinity and biological circumstances that are considered to support inter-subjective in men. The contribution of this research is the use of existentialist feminism as an anti-thesis of male masculinity by applying it to the empirical conditions of women. The study used feminist ethnographic methods that combine ethnographic interviews and participant observations. The focus of this study lies on the class struggle of women to maintain their existentialism despite having to take high job risks and the risk of contracting the COVID-19 virus due to high mobility. This research data analysis technique uses data reduction, data display, and data triangulation. The results showed that women worked as online drivers to become subjects for themselves and act as breadwinners and housewives in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Women's struggles in the COVID-19 pandemic undermine the social stigma of society that often makes them objects.</em></p><p>Artikel ini membahas tentang gerakan kaum perempuan untuk mempertahankan eksistensialnya di masa pandemi COVID-19 dengan bergerak dan mengambil resiko tinggi untuk menjadi driver online perempuan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Simone De Beauvoir yang menganalisis film <em>“The Second Sex”</em>menggunakan teori feminisme eksistensialis, perempuan seringkali dijadikan sebagai objek dan laki-laki sebagai subjek karena maskunilitas dari seorang laki-laki dan keadaan biologis yang dianggap mendukung adanya inter-sebujektif pada laki-laki. Kontribusi penelitian ini adalah penggunakan feminisme eksistensialis sebagai <em>anti-thesis</em> maskulinitas laki-laki dengan menerapkan pada kondisi empiris perempuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode etnografi feminis yaitu menggabungkan <em>ethnographic interview </em>dan <em>participant observations. </em>Fokus penelitian ini terletak pada <em>class struggle</em><em> </em>kaum perempuan untuk mempertahankan eksistensialnya meskipun harus mengambil resiko pekerjaan yang tinggi dan resiko tertular virus COVID-19 akibat mobilitas yang tinggi. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan reduksi data, <em>display </em>data, verifikasi data dan triangulasi data. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kaum perempuan bekerja sebagai <em>driver online</em><em> </em>untuk menjadi subjek bagi dirinya sendiri sekaligus berperan sebagai pencari nafkah dan ibu rumah tangga dalam kondisi pandemi COVID-19. Perjuangan perempuan dalam pandemi COVID-19 meruntuhkan stigma sosial masyarakat yang seringkali menjadikan mereka sebagai objek.</p>

Juventudes na EJA: encontros e desencontros na trama escolar

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os encontros e desencontros dos sujeitos jovens-estudantes da Educação de Jovens e Adultos com a trama escolar. Compreende-se trama escolar como a rede de múltiplos saberes e experiências que se corporificam no entremeio dos fios tecidos no cotidiano escolar. Recorre a fragmentos de uma investigação realizada por meio do método etnográfico, em uma escola pública noturna da região agreste do Estado de Alagoas, por um período de dois anos, tendo como referência a seguinte questão: até que ponto a cultura escolar dialoga com as culturas juvenis no contexto da EJA? Para a coleta de dados fizemos uso de observações participantes e entrevistas etnográficas com um coletivo de jovens. O estudo evidenciou que os jovens-estudantes da EJA, participantes da pesquisa, utilizam tanto táticas que reinventam a cultura escolar e mobilizam as culturas juvenis, fortalecendo o sentimento de pertença ao lugar, como outras que perpetuam o discurso do não-lugar das juventudes [adolescentes] na EJA. Isto sinaliza a inexistência de unidade no que diz respeito aos modos como os jovens se veem nesse espaço. A imersão no cotidiano vivenciado pelos jovens revelou recorrências que insinuam ora aproximações/encontros, ora distanciamentos/desencontros entre os estudantes e a escola.Palavras-chave: Juventudes na EJA; Cotidiano; Culturas juvenis; Cultura escolar.Youths at EJA: encounters and disagreements in the school plotABSTRACTThis article aims to analyze the encounters and disagreements of the young-students of the Youth and Adult Education (EJA) with the school plot. School plot is understood as the network that embodies in the interweaving of the experiences lived in the daily school life. For this, it uses fragments of an investigation carried out using the ethnographic method, in a public night school in the rural region of the State of Alagoas, for a period of two years, taking as reference the following question: to what extent is there a dialogue between the culture of the school and the youth cultures in the context of EJA? For data collection, participant observations and ethnographic interviews were used with a group of young people. The study showed that the Young EJA students, research participants, use both tactics that reinvente school culture and mobilize youth cultures, strengthening the feeling of belonging to the place, as others that perpetuate the discourse of non-place of youth (teenagers) in EJA. This signals the lack of unity with regard to the ways in which young people see themselves in this space. The immersion in the daily life experienced by young people highlited recurrences that suggest at times similarities/encounters, at other times distances/disagreements between students and the school.Keywords: Youths at EJA; Daily routine; Youth cultures; School culture.Juventudes em la EJA: encuentros y desencuentros em la trama escolarRESUMENEste artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los encuentros y desencuentros de los sujetos jóvenes estudiantes de la Educación de Jóvenes y adultos con la trama escolar. Se comprende por trama escolar la red que se corporifica en el entremedio de los entretejidos del cotidiano escolar. Para eso recurre a fragmentos de una investigación realizada a través del método etnográfico en una escuela pública nocturna de la región agreste del Estado de Alagoas, por un período de dos años, teniendo como referencia la siguiente cuestión: ¿hasta qué punto la cultura escolar dialoga con las culturas juveniles en el contexto de la EJA? Para la recolección de datos hicimos uso de observaciones participantes y entrevistas etnográficas con un colectivo de jóvenes. El estudio evidenció que los jóvenes estudiantes de la EJA, participantes de la investigación, utilizan tanto tácticas que reinventan la cultura escolar y movilizan las culturas juveniles, fortaleciendo el sentimiento de pertenencia al lugar, como otras que perpetúan el discurso el no lugar de las juventudes [adolescentes] en la EJA. Esto señala la inexistencia de unidad en cuanto a las maneras como los jóvenes se ven en ese espacio. La inmersión en el cotidiano vivenciado por los jóvenes reveló recurrencia que insinúan ya sea acercamiento/encuentros o alejamientos/desencuentros entre los estudiantes y la escuela. Palabras clave: Juventudes en la EJA; Cotidiano; Culturas juveniles; Cultura escolar.

Metaphor, magic, and mental disorder: Poetics and ontology in Mexican (Purépecha) curanderismo

This article offers an epistemological, poetic, and ontological reading of the ways of knowing regarding mental disorders that are characteristic of the traditional healers ( curanderas and curanderos) of an Indigenous group in Mexico. The study is based on ethnographic interviews with traditional Purépecha (Tarascan) healers in rural Michoacan. Interviews focused on local conceptions of emotional and mental illness, especially Nervios, Susto, and Locura (nerves, fright, and madness). We discuss the conceptual structure of these Indigenous illness notions, the nature of the associated imagery and notions of the soul, as well as the general sense of meaningfulness and reality implicit in Purépecha curanderismo. The highly metaphorical modes of understanding characteristic of these healers defy analysis in purely structuralist terms. They do, however, have strong affinities with the Renaissance “episteme” or implicit framework of understanding described in The Order of Things, Michel Foucault's classic study of modes of knowing and experiences of reality in Western thought—a work profoundly influenced by Heidegger's interest in the historical and cultural constitution of what Heidegger termed “Being.” After examining the individual illness concepts, we explore both the poetic and the ontological dimension (the foundational sense of reality or of Being) that they involve, with special emphasis on supernatural concerns.

Mehrsprachigkeit in transmodaler Kommunikation

The paper is concerned with codeswitching in transmodal WhatsApp messenger chats. Based on a corpus of text and audio postings from a group of German-Lebanese cousins that is complemented by ethnographic interviews, the study shows that language alternations can be associated with particular metapragmatic or indexical functions in the different modalities. In audio postings, switching between German and Arabic contextualises varying discourse relations. Also, the cousins use Arabic discourse markers (such as ya'ne, ‘it means’) frequently to structure their talk. In contrast, when they switch to Arabic in their text-postings – using Arabizi, a CMC-register in the Arabic-speaking world – this recurrently establishes a playful or ironic frame for ritual teasings. The final section discusses these transmodal and multilingual practices as multi-layered identity positionings vis-à-vis a monolingual society, their multilingual family and networked communities.

Qualitative Coding in the Computational Era: A Hybrid Approach to Improve Reliability and Reduce Effort for Coding Ethnographic Interviews

Sociologists have argued that there is value in incorporating computational tools into qualitative research, including using machine learning to code qualitative data. Yet standard computational approaches do not neatly align with traditional qualitative practices. The authors introduce a hybrid human-machine learning approach (HHMLA) that combines a contemporary iterative approach to qualitative coding with advanced word embedding models that allow contextual interpretation beyond what can be reliably accomplished with conventional computational approaches. The results, drawn from an analysis of 87 human-coded ethnographic interview transcripts, demonstrate that HHMLA can code data sets at a fraction of the effort of human-only strategies, saving hundreds of hours labor in even modestly sized qualitative studies, while improving coding reliability. The authors conclude that HHMLA may provide a promising model for coding data sets where human-only coding would be logistically prohibitive but conventional computational approaches would be inadequate given qualitative foci.

Premature Personhoods In A Neonatal Intensive Care Unit In Aotearoa New Zealand

<p>The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) provides medical care for some of the most unwell newborns, including those born premature. Infants born prior to 28 completed weeks gestation, classified as extremely premature, often require long admissions and close management. These infants, and those who care for them, occupy a unique position of flux. The extremely premature body is not only a locus for clinical dialogue on the reach of biomedicine, but also for wider debates over the personhood of those born at the edge of viability. This thesis is an ethnographic account of some of the ways in which neonatal personhood was strategically articulated in the NICU at various points of the infant’s stay. These articulations, neither contingent nor dependent on the infant’s clinical position, illustrate a multiplicity of relational personhoods that exist alongside, and sometimes at tension with, individualised dynamics of care and emotion between infants, parents, and staff. I conducted over one year of ethnographic fieldwork, including six months of intensive participant observation at a single urban unit, and over 50 ethnographic interviews across New Zealand with a variety of individuals, such as NICU parents and staff. A portion of this thesis is also comprised of autoethnographic vignettes that account for my own neonatal journey and position in the field.</p>

Premature Personhoods In A Neonatal Intensive Care Unit In Aotearoa New Zealand

<p>The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) provides medical care for some of the most unwell newborns, including those born premature. Infants born prior to 28 completed weeks gestation, classified as extremely premature, often require long admissions and close management. These infants, and those who care for them, occupy a unique position of flux. The extremely premature body is not only a locus for clinical dialogue on the reach of biomedicine, but also for wider debates over the personhood of those born at the edge of viability. This thesis is an ethnographic account of some of the ways in which neonatal personhood was strategically articulated in the NICU at various points of the infant’s stay. These articulations, neither contingent nor dependent on the infant’s clinical position, illustrate a multiplicity of relational personhoods that exist alongside, and sometimes at tension with, individualised dynamics of care and emotion between infants, parents, and staff. I conducted over one year of ethnographic fieldwork, including six months of intensive participant observation at a single urban unit, and over 50 ethnographic interviews across New Zealand with a variety of individuals, such as NICU parents and staff. A portion of this thesis is also comprised of autoethnographic vignettes that account for my own neonatal journey and position in the field.</p>

Defining Online Hating and Online Haters

According to a view widely held in the media and in public discourse more generally, online hating is a social problem on a global scale. However, thus far there has been little scientific literature on the subject, and, to our best knowledge, there is even no established scholarly definition of online hating and online haters in the first place. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a new perspective on online hating by, first, distinguishing online hating from the phenomena it is often confused with, such as trolling, cyberstalking, and online hate speech, and, second, by proposing an operational definition of online hating and online haters based on ethnographic interviews and surveys of the existing scholarly literature.