Phylogenetic relationships of philometrid nematodes (Philometridae Baylis & Daubney, 1926) inferred from 18S rRNA, with molecular characterisation of recently described species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane P. Barton ◽  
František Moravec ◽  
Xiaocheng Zhu ◽  
Shokoofeh Shamsi
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Characterisation

Whale falls, multiple colonisations of the deep, and the phylogeny of Hesionidae (Annelida)

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mindi Summers ◽  
Fredrik Pleijel ◽  
Greg W. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
New Members

Phylogenetic relationships within Hesionidae Grube, 1850 are assessed via maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses of mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S rRNA) and nuclear (18S rRNA, and 28S rRNA) data. The analyses are based on 42 hesionid species; six of these being new species that are described here. The new species, all from deep (>200 m depth) benthic environments (including whale falls) in the eastern Pacific, are Gyptis shannonae, sp. nov., Neogyptis julii, sp. nov., Sirsoe sirikos, sp. nov., Vrijenhoekia ketea, sp. nov., Vrijenhoekia falenothiras, sp. nov., and Vrijenhoekia ahabi, sp. nov. The molecular divergence among the new members of Vrijenhoekia is pronounced enough to consider them cryptic species, even though we cannot distinguish among them morphologically. Our results also showed that the subfamily Hesioninae Grube, 1850, as traditionally delineated, was paraphyletic. We thus restrict Hesioninae to include only Hesionini Grube, 1850 and refer the remaining members to Psamathinae Pleijel, 1998. The present study increases the number of hesionid species associated with whale falls from one to six and markedly increases the number of described deep-sea hesionid taxa. There appear to have been multiple colonisations of the deep sea from shallow waters by hesionids, though further sampling is warranted.

Morphological and molecular characterisation of Helicotylenchus ciceri n. sp. and H. scoticus Boag & Jairajpuri, 1985 (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae) from Iran

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-626
Author(s):  
Fariba Mohammadi Zameleh ◽  
Akbar Karegar ◽  
Reza Ghaderi ◽  
Abbas Mokaram Hesar
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Excretory Pore ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Partial 18S ◽  
Molecular Characters

Summary Helicotylenchus ciceri n. sp. and H. scoticus are described and illustrated based on morphological, morphometric and molecular characters. The new species is characterised by a conical and truncated lip region with five or six distinct annuli, stylet 32-37 μm long with anteriorly concave knobs, secretory-excretory pore posterior to the pharyngo-intestinal valve, dorsally convex-conoid tail with a terminal projection, phasmids 14 (7-20) annuli anterior to the level of anus, empty spermatheca and absence of males. Intraspecific variation of 16 populations of H. scoticus, collected from chickpea and lentil fields in Kermanshah province, western Iran, is discussed. The results of the phylogenetic analyses based on the sequences of the partial 18S rRNA, D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA and ITS rRNA genes are provided for the studied species, confirming their differences from each other and determining the position of them and their relationships with closely related species.

scholarly journals Redescription and phylogenetic analyses of Thaparocleidus gomtius and T. sudhakari (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) from Wallago attu (Siluriformes: Siluridae) in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Verma ◽  
A. Chaudhary ◽  
H. S. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Wallago Attu ◽  
Geographical Regions

Summary Two species of Thaparocleidus Jain (1952a) were found harboring W. attu from the Ganga River at two localities, Meerut and Farrukhabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, during the period of 2013-2015. Morphology and morphometric study of specimens identified as Thaparocleidus gomtius (Jain, 1952a) Lim, 1996 and T. sudhakari (Gusev, 1976) Lim, 1996. Molecular analyses using the 18S rRNA gene confirmed the validity of T. gomtius and T. sudhakari and demonstrated that both the species clustered with other Thaparocleidus species from different geographical regions. We aim at reassessing the taxonomy and establishing the phylogenetic relationships among these two redescribed species with other representatives of the genus Thaparocleidus.

The phylogenetic relationships of the anaerobic chytridiomycetous gut fungi (Neocallimasticaceae) and the Chytridiomycota. I. Cladistic analysis of rRNA sequences

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1738-1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinliang Li ◽  
I. Brent Heath
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Anaerobic Fungi ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Algorithm ◽  
Rrna Sequences ◽  
Partial 18S

To clarify the phylogenetic relationships of the Chytridiomycota and the anaerobic fungi from the rumen and caecum of herbivorous animals, we analyzed the partial 18S rRNA sequences from 28 species ranging from protists to mammals and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) and its adjacent sequences from four gut fungi and one chytrid by using three algorithms from the Phylogeny Inference Package (PHYLIP). To get the confidence limits for each branch, we applied bootstrapping for each algorithm. Our analysis on partial 18S rRNA sequences shows that the Chytridiomycota are clustered with other fungi with 98, 76, and 30% confidences in the Fitch–Margoliash, neighbour-joining, and maximum parsimony algorithms. None of these three algorithms place any of 17 protists from 12 phyla with the fungi, including the chytrids. The same analysis also shows that the Spizellomycetales and Chytridiales cluster with the gut fungi but does not identify which order is closest to them. These results suggest that the Chytridiomycota, including the gut fungi, are indeed fungi but the gut fungi might not belong to the Spizellomycetales. The phylogenetic trees generated by the above three algorithms, plus the maximum likelihood algorithm, based on ITS1 and its adjacent regions show that Anaeromyces is more distant from Orpinomyces, Neocallimastix, and Piromyces. However, they failed to determine the relationships among the last three genera. Key words: Chytridiomycota, gut fungi, rumen fungi, phylogeny, rRNA sequences.

scholarly journals Comparative morphometrics and ribosomal DNA sequence analysis of Longidorus orientalis Loof, 1983 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Spain and Iran

Nematology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan E. Palomares-Rius ◽  
Blanca B. Landa ◽  
Zahra Tanha Maafi ◽  
David J. Hunt ◽  
Pablo Castillo
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Original Description ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
South West ◽  
Graminaceous Plants ◽  
Partial 18S ◽  
Ribosomal Dna Sequence

Abstract During recent nematode surveys in a muddy soil around undetermined graminaceous plants in El Rocío, Huelva Province, in southern Spain, and from the rhizosphere of date palm associated with graminaceous vegetation from Abadan, in Khuzestan Province, south-west Iran, populations of Longidorus orientalis were identified. Morphological and morphometrical studies on these populations fit the original description and represent the first report from Spain and Europe. Molecular characterisation of L. orientalis from Spain and Iran, using D2-D3 expansion regions of 28S rRNA, 18S rRNA and ITS-rRNA, is provided. Sequences of the D2-D3 expansion regions and partial 18S genes were analysed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships within L. orientalis and other Longidorus species. The results revealed a closer phylogenetic relationship with L. goodeyi for the D2-D3 expansion region and with L. vineacola for the partial 18S region.

Morphology, molecular characterisation and systematic position of the genus Cynura Cobb, 1920 (Nematoda: Plectida)

Nematology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Holovachov ◽  
Sven Boström ◽  
Irma Tandingan De Ley ◽  
Cymphonee Robinson ◽  
Manuel Mundo-Ocampo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Bayesian Analyses ◽  
Sem Micrographs ◽  
Rrna Sequences

Descriptions of three known species of Cynura, i.e., C. cerambus, C. klunderi and C. papillata, are given, including SEM micrographs of C. cerambus and a tabular compendium for all species of the genus. The phylogenetic relationships of C. klunderi are inferred from molecular data. Bayesian analyses of small subunit (SSU) of rRNA sequences support a position nested among the Plectidae suggesting the secondary simplification in the morphology of pharyngeal valvular apparatus in Cynura and the ‘return’ from a terrestrial to a marine environment in this genus.

scholarly journals Molecular data supports the inclusion of Ildobates neboti Español in Zuphiini (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Harpalinae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Ribera ◽  
Sergio Montagud ◽  
Santiago Teruel ◽  
Xavier Bellés
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Nuclear Genes ◽  
Posterior Probabilities ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Relationship Of

The phylogenetic relationships of Ildobates neboti Español (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Harpalinae) were investigated based on three nuclear genes (full 18S rRNA, and a fragment of each 28S rRNAand wingless).We compiled a data set using published sequences of 32 members of Harpalinae including one example each of Dryptini (genus Desera), Galeritini (Galerita) and Zuphiini (Thalpius), plus three Brachininae as outgroups. These three tribes form the “Dryptitae”, within which various relationships of Ildobates had been proposed. The analyses of the datamatrix using parsimony (with equally weighted and reweighted characters) and Bayesian posterior probabilities all support the monophyly of the three tribes in “Dryptitae”, as well as a closest relationship of Ildobates with Thalpius to the exclusion of Desera plus Galerita. This confirms the previous inclusion of Ildobates among the Zuphiini, and corroborates current taxonomic classifications based on morphological criteria.

Molecular characterisation of two known species of Paratylenchus Micoletzky, 1922 from Iran with notes on the validity of Paratylenchus audriellus Brown, 1959

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 591-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrab Esmaeili ◽  
Ramin Heydari ◽  
Pablo Castillo ◽  
Mozhgan Ziaie Bidhendi ◽  
Juan E. Palomares-Rius
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
First Record ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Female Tail ◽  
Valid Taxon ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Partial 18S

During a survey on pin nematodes in western Iran, two populations of Paratylenchus audriellus and Paratylenchus tenuicaudatus were collected and subsequently analysed morphologically and molecularly. Paratylenchus audriellus is characterised by the long stylet (48-61 μm) and the typical female tail with a characteristic claw-like process with sharply pointed terminus. To our knowledge, the Iranian population of P. tenuicaudatus is the first record from Iran. The molecular characterisation of P. audriellus nematodes using the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA and the partial 18S rRNA gene sequences revealed that this species is clearly separated from P. straeleni and should be considered as a valid taxon.

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