Carnitine supplementation improves apolipoprotein B levels in pediatric peritoneal dialysis patients

l-carnitine is an important factor in fatty acid metabolism, and carnitine deficiency is common in dialysis patients. This study evaluated whether l-carnitine supplementation improved muscle spasm, cardiac function, and renal anemia in dialysis patients. Eighty Japanese outpatients (62 hemodialysis (HD) patients and 18 peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients) received oral l-carnitine (600 mg/day) for 12 months; the HD patients further received intravenous l-carnitine injections (1000 mg three times/week) for 12 months, amounting to 24 months of treatment. Muscle spasm incidence was assessed using a questionnaire, and cardiac function was assessed using echocardiography. Baseline free carnitine concentrations were relatively low in patients who underwent dialysis for >4 years. Total carnitine serum concentration, free carnitine, and acylcarnitine significantly increased after oral l-carnitine treatment for 12 months, and after intravenous l-carnitine injection. There was no significant improvement in muscle spasms, although decreased muscle cramping after l-carnitine treatment was reported by 31% of patients who had undergone HD for >4 years. Hemoglobin concentrations increased significantly at 12 and 24 months in the HD group. Therefore, l-carnitine may be effective for reducing muscle cramping and improving hemoglobin levels in dialysis patients, especially those who have been undergoing dialysis for >4 years.

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Apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 ratio and mortality among incident peritoneal dialysis patients

Lipids in Health and Disease ◽

10.1186/s12944-018-0771-z ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Xiaojiang Zhan ◽

Yanbing Chen ◽

Caixia Yan ◽

Siyi Liu ◽

Lijuan Deng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Apolipoprotein B ◽

Apolipoprotein A1 ◽

Dialysis Patients

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Serum apolipoprotein B is inversely associated with eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy in peritoneal dialysis patients

International Urology and Nephrology ◽

10.1007/s11255-017-1737-1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 155-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Min Ye ◽

Yanqiu Liu ◽

Haoyu Wang ◽

Na Tian ◽

Wei Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽

Apolipoprotein B ◽

Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Dialysis Patients

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GW28-e0961 Serum Apolipoprotein B is inversely associated with left ventricular remodeling in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.jacc.2017.07.654 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 70 (16) ◽

pp. C178

Author(s):

Fengjuan Yao ◽

Min Ye ◽

Yan Qiu Liu ◽

Na Tian ◽

Dong Hong Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Apolipoprotein B ◽

Ventricular Remodeling ◽

Left Ventricular Remodeling ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Dialysis Patients

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Elevated Plasma Lipoprotein(a) Levels and Hypoalbuminemia in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

The International Journal of Artificial Organs ◽

10.1177/039139889501801201 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 751-756 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

E.A. Ross ◽

G.M. Shah ◽

M.L. Kashyap

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Serum Albumin ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Apolipoprotein B ◽

Lipid Profiles ◽

Plasma Lipoprotein ◽

Elevated Plasma ◽

Dialysis Patients ◽

Lipoprotein A

Plasma lipoprotein(a), Lp(a), is strongly and independently associated with atherosclerosis, and levels are elevated in hemodialysis (HD) patients and in some studies of those on peritoneal dialysis (PD). We hypothesized that protein losses and hypoalbuminemia could stimulate hepatic Lp(a) synthesis, and this effect would be accentuated in PD patients with malnutrition. The PD subjects (n=24) had higher plasma Lp(a) levels than those (n=10) on HD (median 34.4 vs 21.0 mg/dl, p<0.05), and values exceed normal in 62.5% vs 20% of the subjects (p<0.03), respectively. The serum albumin levels inversely correlated with concentrations of Lp(a) and apolipoprotein B, as well as the apolipoprotein B/AI ratio. In conclusion, plasma Lp(a) concentrations are frequently elevated in PD as well as HD patients. Measuring Lp(a) levels is useful in identifying patients at increased atherogenic risk, which may not be reflected in routine lipid profiles. The negative correlation between plasma Lp(a) and albumin levels suggests that the latter may be linked pathophysiologically to hepatic Lp(a) production. The association of hypoalbuminemia with higher Lp(a) values is of particular concern because malnutrition frequently occurs in PD patients.

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Prognostic significance of carotid plaque presence in peritoneal dialysis patients and its association with the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 ratio

Nephrology ◽

10.1111/nep.13759 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (12) ◽

pp. 919-928

Author(s):

Yun Chen ◽

Da Shang ◽

Jie Shao ◽

Shuqi Dai ◽

Xiaolin Ge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Apolipoprotein B ◽

Carotid Plaque ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

Apolipoprotein A1 ◽

Dialysis Patients

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The Effect of Simvastatin on Dyslipemia in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Peritoneal Dialysis International ◽

10.1177/089686089301302s109 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 13 (2_suppl) ◽

pp. 434-436 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Athanassios Dimitriadis ◽

Staveos Antoniou ◽

Nikolaos Hatzisavvas ◽

Franca Pastore ◽

Loanna Kaldi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Side Effects ◽

Liver Function ◽

Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Apolipoprotein B ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Dialysis Patients ◽

Apo B ◽

Lens Opacities ◽

Coa Reductase

The efficacy of simvastatin, an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, was evaluated in 14 nondiabetic hypercholesterolemic continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients with or without hypertriglyceridemia. Following a hypolipemic diet for 6 weeks, simvastatin was administered at a dose of 10 mg/day for 6 months. After 6 weeks on simvastatin, cholesterol was reduced by 22% (p<0.001), triglycerides by 24% (p<0.001), lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) by 27% (p<0.001), while high density lipoprotein (HDL) increased by 18% (p<0.005). These changes remained steady for 6 months. Apolipoprotein-B (Apo-B) was reduced by 17.8% (p<0.0001), while Apo-A was stable. There were no liver function abnormalities observed. In 3 patients serum creatinine kinase (CK) was increased, and in 2 treatment was stopped. No new lens opacities or other side effects were detected. Simvastatin seems to be an effective and relatively well-tolerated drug for dyslipemias in CAPD.

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Which Method Should Be Used to Assess Protein Intake in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients? Assessment of Agreement Between Protein Equivalent of Total Nitrogen Appearance and 24-Hour Dietary Recall

Journal of Renal Nutrition ◽

10.1053/j.jrn.2020.08.003 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maryanne Zilli Canedo Silva ◽

Barbara Perez Vogt ◽

Nayrana Soares Carmo Reis ◽

Rogerio Carvalho Oliveira ◽

Jacqueline Costa Teixeira Caramori

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Dialysis Patients ◽

Dietary Recall

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Prevalence of abnormalities in electrocardiogram conduction in dialysis patients: a comparative study

Brazilian Journal of Nephrology ◽

10.1590/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2020-0018 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Firas Ajam ◽

Arda Akoluk ◽

Anas Alrefaee ◽

Natasha Campbell ◽

Avais Masud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Cardiac Conduction ◽

Future Research ◽

Dialysis Patients ◽

Bundle Branch Block ◽

Conduction Abnormality ◽

Ckd Stage ◽

Stage 1 ◽

Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽

Ecg Abnormalities

ABSTRACT Background: The electrocardiogram (ECG) can aid in identification of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients at high risk for cardiovascular diseases. Cohort studies describe ECG abnormalities in patients on hemodialysis (HD), but we did not find data comparing ECG abnormalities among patients with normal kidney function or peritoneal dialysis (PD) to those on hemodialysis. We hypothesized that ECG conduction abnormalities would be more common, and cardiac conduction interval times longer, among patients on hemodialysis vs. those on peritoneal dialysis and CKD 1 or 2. Methods: Retrospective review of adult inpatients’ charts, comparing those with billing codes for “Hemodialysis” vs. inpatients without those charges, and an outpatient peritoneal dialysis cohort. Patients with CKD 3 or 4 were excluded. Results: One hundred and sixty-seven charts were reviewed. ECG conduction intervals were consistently and statistically longer among hemodialysis patients (n=88) vs. peritoneal dialysis (n=22) and CKD stage 1 and 2 (n=57): PR (175±35 vs 160±44 vs 157±22 msec) (p=0.009), QRS (115±32 vs. 111±31 vs 91±18 msec) (p=0.001), QT (411±71 vs. 403±46 vs 374±55 msec) (p=0.006), QTc (487±49 vs. 464±38 vs 452±52 msec) (p=0.0001). The only significantly different conduction abnormality was prevalence of left bundle branch block: 13.6% among HD patients, 5% in PD, and 2% in CKD 1 and 2 (p=0.03). Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to report that ECG conduction intervals are significantly longer as one progresses from CKD Stage 1 and 2, to PD, to HD. These and other data support the need for future research to utilize ECG conduction times to identify dialysis patients who could potentially benefit from proactive cardiac evaluations and risk reduction.

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