The diagnostic value of contrast enhancement on MRI in diffuse and anaplastic gliomas

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandrs Krigers ◽  
Matthias Demetz ◽  
Astrid E. Grams ◽  
Claudius Thomé ◽  
Christian F. Freyschlag
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Anaplastic Gliomas

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Evaluation of Malignant and Benign Solitary Thyroid Nodules

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pēteris Priedītis ◽  
Maija Radziņa ◽  
Ilze Štrumfa ◽  
Zenons Narbuts ◽  
Arturs Ozoliņs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Fine Needle Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Benign Nodules

Abstract The aim of the study was to investigate the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Thirty-five patients with morphologically proved thyroid nodules (17 malignant; 18 benign), underwent CEUS examination. Five enhancement patterns were evaluated: vascularisation, homogeneity, presence of peripheral rim type enhancement, wash-out rate of the contrast medium, and enhancement using microvascular imaging application. Time-intensity curves (TIC) were analysed in post-processing and defined as three types: slow versus rapid and stable versus rapid biphasic wash-out. Diagnostic value of the listed CEUS parameters was calculated. The results showed medium strength correlation between morphology (benign versus malignant nodule) and type of TIC curve rs = 0.38 (p = 0.021), as well as between mode of contrast enhancement rs = 0.39 (p = 0.022) and wash-out pattern rs =0.39 (p = 0.024). The overall pooled sensitivity of selected diagnostic parameters was 82%, specificity 57%, and accuracy 70%. Malignant nodules were characterised by iso- or hypovascular contrast enhancement and slow wash-out, while benign nodules showed hypervascular enhancement with rapid wash-out TIC curve and rim-like pattern. The CEUS patterns significantly differed between malignant and benign thyroid nodules with high diagnostic accuracy. Thus, CEUS has important clinical value as an additional tool to ultrasound and fine needle biopsy.

Diagnostic value of contrast enhancement in vascular Doppler ultrasound

1993 ◽  
pp. 309-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Schlief ◽  
Rolf Schürmann ◽  
Thomas Balzer ◽  
Jörg Petrick ◽  
Albrecht Urbank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Diagnostic Value

scholarly journals Molecular profiles of tumor contrast enhancement: A radiogenomic analysis in anaplastic gliomas

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 4273-4283
Author(s):  
Xing Liu ◽  
Yiming Li ◽  
Zhiyan Sun ◽  
Shaowu Li ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Anaplastic Gliomas ◽  
Molecular Profiles

Soft-Tissue Tumor Contrast Enhancement Patterns: Diagnostic Value and Comparison Between Ultrasound and MRI

2017 ◽  
Vol 208 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonhard Gruber ◽  
Alexander Loizides ◽  
Anna K. Luger ◽  
Bernhard Glodny ◽  
Patrizia Moser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumor ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Tissue Tumor

POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY-GUIDED VOLUMETRIC RESECTION OF SUPRATENTORIAL HIGH-GRADE GLIOMAS

Neurosurgery ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit J.M. Pirotte ◽  
Marc Levivier ◽  
Serge Goldman ◽  
Nicolas Massager ◽  
David Wikler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Mri Contrast ◽  
Postoperative Mri ◽  
Anaplastic Gliomas ◽  
Pet Tracer ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Mri Scans

Abstract OBJECTIVE Integrating positron emission tomographic (PET) images into the image-guided resection of high-grade gliomas (HGG) has shown that metabolic information on tumor heterogeneity and distribution are useful for planning surgery, improve tumor delineation, and provide a final target contour different from that obtained with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) alone in about 80% of the procedures. Moreover, PET guidance helps to increase the amount of tumor removed and to target image-guided resection to anaplastic tissue areas. The present study aims to evaluate whether PET-guided volumetric resection (VR) in supratentorial HGG might add benefit to the patient's outcome. METHODS PET images using [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (n=23) and [11C]methionine (n=43) were combined with MRI scans in the planning of VR procedures performed at the initial stage in 66 consecutive patients (43 M/23 F) with supratentorial HGG according to the technique previously described. In all cases (35 anaplastic gliomas [20 astrocytomas, 10 oligoastrocytomas, 5 oligodendrogliomas] and 31 glioblastomas [GBM]), level and distribution of PET tracer uptake were analyzed to define a PET contour projected on MRI scans to define a final target contour for VR. Maximal tumor resection was accomplished in each case, with the intention to remove the entire abnormal metabolic area comprised in the surgical planning. Early postoperative MRI and PET assessed tumor resection. Survival analysis was performed separately in anaplastic gliomas and glioblastoma multiforme according to the presence or absence of residual tracer uptake on postoperative PET and according to the presence or absence of residual contrast enhancement on postoperative MRI. RESULTS Preoperatively, metabolic information helped the surgical planning. In all procedures, PET contributed to define a final target contour different from that obtained with MRI alone. Postoperatively, 46 of 66 patients had no residual PET tracer uptake (total PET resection), 23 of 66 had no residual MRI contrast enhancement. No additional neurological morbidity due to the technique was reported. A total PET tracer uptake resection was associated with a significantly longer survival in anaplastic gliomas (P = 0.0071) and in glioblastoma multiforme (P = 0.0001), respectively. A total MRI contrast enhancement resection was not correlated with a significantly better survival, neither in anaplastic gliomas (P = 0.6089) nor in glioblastoma multiforme (P = 0.6806). CONCLUSIONS Complete resection of the increased PET tracer uptake prolongs the survival of HGG patients. Because PET information represents a more specific marker than MRI enhancement for detecting anaplastic tumor tissue, PET-guidance increases the amount of anaplastic tissue removed in HGG.

scholarly journals CT Pulmonary Angiogram with Reduced Radiation Exposure at Low Tube Kilovoltage

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdullahi Hashi
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Low Tube Voltage ◽  
Pulmonary Angiogram ◽  
Group B

This study's primary goal is to assess the image quality and radiation dose of the low-dose 80kV computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) protocol compared to the standard 100kV CTPA protocol for the assessment of pulmonary embolism (PE). The study consisted of 100 patients who had clinically suspected pulmonary embolism and required a CTPA. Patients underwent imaging with a 320-row multi-detector Toshiba Aquilion One Genesis Edition in the absence of the proprietary radiation reduction software known as forward projected model-based Iterative Reconstruction Solution (commercial acronym 'FIRST'). Participants were divided into two groups: A and B.  Group A was composed of 50 patients who were allocated to standard CT protocol using a 100 kV exposure setting and all other settings set as a standard by the manufacturer.  Group B was composed of 50 patients who were allocated to a CTPA with a low-dose 80kV protocol, standard deviation level 8, an effective mAs of 258, reconstruction algorithm-kernel FC 51 within the lung window, and tube current modulation. A considerable decrease in radiation dose was observed with the low-dose CTPA protocol. The mean radiation dose was also decreased by 66% while using the 80kV protocol than when utilising a standard 100kV technique; this was achieved without compromising this study's diagnostic value. Furthermore, the contrast enhancement was considerably more significant, up to 40% higher when using 80kV. The study found that a low tube voltage of 80kV CTPA protocol resulted in a considerable decrease in radiation dose and improved contrast enhancement without sacrificing the examinations' diagnostic utility.

scholarly journals Patterns of Tumor Contrast Enhancement Predict the Prognosis of Anaplastic Gliomas withIDH1Mutation

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 2023-2029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.Y. Wang ◽  
K. Wang ◽  
S.W. Li ◽  
J.F. Wang ◽  
J. Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Anaplastic Gliomas

Molecular Diagnostics of Gliomas

2011 ◽  
Vol 135 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina N. Nikiforova ◽  
Ronald L. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Anaplastic Gliomas

Abstract Context.—Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors of adults and include a variety of histologic types and morphologies. Histologic evaluation remains the gold standard for glioma diagnosis; however, diagnostic difficulty may arise from tumor heterogeneity, overlapping morphologic features, and tumor sampling. Recently, our knowledge about the genetics of these tumors has expanded, and new molecular markers have been developed. Some of these markers have shown diagnostic value, whereas others are useful prognosticators for patient survival and therapeutic response. Objective.—To review the most clinically useful molecular markers and their detection techniques in gliomas. Data Sources.—Review of the pertinent literature and personal experience with the molecular testing in gliomas. Conclusions.—This article provides an overview of the most common molecular markers in neurooncology, including 1p/19q codeletion in oligodendroglial tumors, mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 genes in diffuse gliomas, hypermethylation of the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene promoter in glioblastomas and anaplastic gliomas, alterations in the epidermal growth factor receptor and phosphatase and tensin homolog genes in high-grade gliomas, as well as BRAF alterations in pilocytic astrocytomas. Molecular testing of gliomas is increasingly used in routine clinical practice and requires that neuropathologists be familiar with these genetic markers and the molecular diagnostic techniques for their detection.

scholarly journals Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Allakhverdieva ◽  
G. T. Sinyukova ◽  
T. Yu. Danzanova ◽  
E. V. Kovaleva ◽  
O. A. Saprina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽  
Vocal Cords ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Laryngeal Cartilages

The study objectiveis to evaluate the capacity of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Materials and methods. We examined 34 patients with head and neck tumors (or suspected of having a tumor) using contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging with sulfur hexafluoride.Results. Contrast enhancement of primary and recurrent tumors (developed within 3 months since the end of treatment) was characterized by rapid wash-in (including peak enhancement) and wash-out of contrast agent. However, recurrent tumors (developed within 3 months after treatment) demonstrated slightly slower wash-in than primary tumors. In patients with suspected relapse, which was not confirmed by histological examination, contrast agent accumulated only in the surrounding tissues and did not penetrate into the fibrous infiltrate; there were no wash-in and wash-out phases (although this did not exclude the presence of small tumors in the infiltrate). By contrast, tumors demonstrated rapid achievement of peak enhancement and fast wash-out. Laryngeal and laryngopharyngeal tumors accumulate and release contrast agent like any other oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. Laryngeal cartilages have high echogenicity and don’t accumulate contrast agent. Tumor-altered vocal cords accumulate contrast agent, which significantly improves the visualization. Intact vocal cords appear as hyperechogenic symmetric structures on B-scans. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging allows better visualization of the vocal cords. Contrast-enhancement can significantly improve the diagnostic value of ultrasound examination of the larynx, especially when B-scanning is hindered by some anatomical features (such as large Adam’s apple) or ossification of laryngeal cartilages.Conclusion. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging of the head and neck is a highly promising diagnostic tool, although it requires further evaluation. Improved visualization with contrast-enhancement increases the diagnostic value of the method for the differentiation between various tumors and fibrotic changes and detection of tumor spread to the laryngeal cartilages, which is important for surgical treatment and planning anticancer therapy.

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