Tracing the origins and propagation of pre-tropical storm Debby (2006) mesoscale convective systems using pattern recognition and image fusion

2012 ◽  
Vol 119 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-58
Author(s):  
Chaunté W. Lacewell ◽  
Abdollah Homaifar ◽  
Yuh-Lang Lin
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Image Fusion ◽  
Tropical Storm ◽  
Mesoscale Convective Systems ◽  
Convective Systems ◽  
Mesoscale Convective

Numerical Investigations on the Formation of Tropical Storm Debby during NAMMA-06

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 866-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sen Chiao ◽  
Gregory S. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Mesoscale Model ◽  
Vortex Formation ◽  
Tropical Storm ◽  
Mesoscale Convective Systems ◽  
Weather Research And Forecasting ◽  
Grid Spacing ◽  
Convective Systems ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Mesoscale Convective ◽  
Westerly Flow

Abstract Mesoscale model forecasts were carried out beginning at 0000 UTC 19 August for simulating Tropical Disturbance 4, which was named Tropical Storm Debby on 22 August 2006. The Weather Research and Forecasting model, with 25-km grid spacing and an inner nested domain of 5-km grid spacing, was used. The development of a small closed vortex at approximately 0600 UTC 20 August 2006 at 850 hPa was found off the coast of Guinea in agreement with satellite images in the 5-km simulation. Intense convection offshore and over the Guinea Highlands during the morning of 20 August 2006 led to the production of a vortex formation by 1400 UTC at 700 hPa. Sensitivity tests show that the Guinea Highlands play an important role in modulating the impinging westerly flow, in which low-level flow deflections (i.e., northward turning) enhance the cyclonic circulation of the vortex formation. Yet, the moist air can be transported by the northward deflection flow from lower latitudes to support the development of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs). Although the model forecast is not perfect, it demonstrates the predictability of the formation and development of the tropical disturbance associated with the Guinea Highlands.

A five-year climatological lightning characteristics of linear mesoscale convective systems over North China

2021 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 105580
Author(s):  
Dongxia Liu ◽  
Mengyu Sun ◽  
Debin Su ◽  
Wenjing Xu ◽  
Han Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Mesoscale Convective Systems ◽  
Convective Systems ◽  
Mesoscale Convective

scholarly journals An Observational Study of Mesoscale Convective Systems with Heavy Rainfall over the Korean Peninsula

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Woo Kim ◽  
Dong Kyou Lee
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Wind Shear ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Vertical Wind Shear ◽  
Vertical Wind ◽  
Mesoscale Convective Systems ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Convective Systems ◽  
Mesoscale Convective

Abstract A heavy rainfall event induced by mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) occurred over the middle Korean Peninsula from 25 to 27 July 1996. This heavy rainfall caused a large loss of life and property damage as a result of flash floods and landslides. An observational study was conducted using Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) data from 0930 UTC 26 July to 0303 UTC 27 July 1996. Dominant synoptic features in this case had many similarities to those in previous studies, such as the presence of a quasi-stationary frontal system, a weak upper-level trough, sufficient moisture transportation by a low-level jet from a tropical storm landfall, strong potential and convective instability, and strong vertical wind shear. The thermodynamic characteristics and wind shear presented favorable conditions for a heavy rainfall occurrence. The early convective cells in the MCSs initiated over the coastal area, facilitated by the mesoscale boundaries of the land–sea contrast, rain–no rain regions, saturated–unsaturated soils, and steep horizontal pressure and thermal gradients. Two MCSs passed through the heavy rainfall regions during the investigation period. The first MCS initiated at 1000 UTC 26 July and had the characteristics of a supercell storm with small amounts of precipitation, the appearance of a mesocyclone with tilting storm, a rear-inflow jet at the midlevel of the storm, and fast forward propagation. The second MCS initiated over the upstream area of the first MCS at 1800 UTC 26 July and had the characteristics of a multicell storm, such as a broken areal-type squall line, slow or quasi-stationary backward propagation, heavy rainfall in a concentrated area due to the merging of the convective storms, and a stagnated cluster system. These systems merged and stagnated because their movement was blocked by the Taebaek Mountain Range, and they continued to develop because of the vertical wind shear resulting from a low-level easterly inflow.

Precipitation charge and size measurements in the stratiform region of two mesoscale convective systems

1995 ◽  
Vol 100 (D8) ◽  
pp. 16341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monte G. Bateman ◽  
W. David Rust ◽  
Bradley F. Smull ◽  
Thomas C. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Mesoscale Convective Systems ◽  
Convective Systems ◽  
Stratiform Region ◽  
Mesoscale Convective

Lake-effect rains over Lake Victoria and their association with Mesoscale Convective Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon E. Nicholson ◽  
Douglas Klotter ◽  
Adam T. Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Mesoscale Convective Systems ◽  
Convective Systems ◽  
Lake Effect ◽  
Mesoscale Convective ◽  
Strong Convection ◽  
Short Rains ◽  
Lake Catchment

AbstractThis article examined rainfall enhancement over Lake Victoria. Estimates of over-lake rainfall were compared with rainfall in the surrounding lake catchment. Four satellite products were initially tested against estimates based on gauges or water balance models. These included TRMM 3B43, IMERG V06 Final Run (IMERG-F), CHIRPS2, and PERSIANN-CDR. There was agreement among the satellite products for catchment rainfall but a large disparity among them for over-lake rainfall. IMERG-F was clearly an outlier, exceeding the estimate from TRMM 3B43 by 36%. The overestimation by IMERG-F was likely related to passive microwave assessments of strong convection, such as prevails over Lake Victoria. Overall, TRMM 3B43 showed the best agreement with the "ground truth" and was used in further analyses. Over-lake rainfall was found to be enhanced compared to catchment rainfall in all months. During the March-to-May long rains the enhancement varied between 40% and 50%. During the October-to-December short rains the enhancement varied between 33% and 44%. Even during the two dry seasons the enhancement was at least 20% and over 50% in some months. While the magnitude of enhancement varied from month to month, the seasonal cycle was essentially the same for over-lake and catchment rainfall, suggesting that the dominant influence on over-lake rainfall is the large-scale environment. The association with Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) was also evaluated. The similarity of the spatial patterns of rainfall and MCS count each month suggested that these produced a major share of rainfall over the lake. Similarity in interannual variability further supported this conclusion.

A Flash-Flooding Storm at the Steep Edge of High Terrain: Disaster in the Himalayas

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 1713-1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen L. Rasmussen ◽  
Robert A. Houze
Keyword(s):  
Mesoscale Convective Systems ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Mountain River ◽  
Convective Systems ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Mesoscale System ◽  
Mesoscale Convective ◽  
Convective Cells ◽  
The Town

Flash floods on the edge of high terrain, such as the Himalayas or Rocky Mountains, are especially dangerous and hard to predict. The Leh flood of 2010 at the edge of the Himalayan Plateau in India is an example of the tragic consequences of such storms. The flood occurred over a high mountain river valley when, on three successive days, diurnally generated convective cells over the Tibetan Plateau gathered into mesoscale convective systems and moved off the edge of the Plateau over Leh. An easterly midlevel jet associated with a midlevel monsoon vortex over northern India and a high over Asia helped the convection organize into propagating mesoscale systems that moved over the edge of the Plateau. On the third day the mesoscale system moving off the plateau was greatly invigorated when it suddenly drew on moisture flowing upslope over the terrain. It gained maximum strength from this intake of moisture near Leh, and the heavy rains washed over the surrounding mountains and down and over the town.

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