Optimization of rain gauge network using multi-criteria decision analysis and entropy approaches: case of Tekeze River basin, northwestern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Tekleyohannes ◽  
Berhane Grum ◽  
Niguse Abebe ◽  
Bizuneh Asfaw Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Decision Analysis ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Analysis ◽  
Rain Gauge Network

scholarly journals Areal rainfall estimation using moving cars as rain gauges – a modelling study

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 4737-4772
Author(s):  
U. Haberlandt ◽  
M. Sester
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Indicator Kriging ◽  
High Time Resolution ◽  
Rainfall Estimation ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Rain Gauges ◽  
Areal Rainfall ◽  
Rain Gauge Network

Abstract. Optimal spatial assessment of short-time step precipitation for hydrological modelling is still an important research question considering the poor observation networks for high time resolution data. The main objective of this paper is to present a new approach for rainfall observation. The idea is to consider motorcars as moving rain gauges with windscreen wipers as sensors to detect precipitation. This idea is easily technically feasible if the cars are provided with GPS and a small memory chip for recording the coordinates, car speed and wiper frequency. This study explores theoretically the benefits of such an approach. For that a valid relationship between wiper speed and rainfall rate considering uncertainty was assumed here. A simple traffic model is applied to generate motorcars on roads in a river basin. Radar data are used as reference truth rainfall fields. Rainfall from these fields is sampled with a conventional rain gauge network and with several dynamic networks consisting of moving motorcars. Those observed point rainfall data from the different networks are then used to calculate areal rainfall for different scales. Ordinary kriging and indicator kriging are applied for interpolation of the point data with the latter considering uncertain rainfall observation by cars e.g. according to a discrete number of windscreen wiper operation classes. The results are compared with the true values from the radar observations. The study is carried out for the 3300 km2 Bode river basin located in the Harz Mountains in Northern Germany. The results show, that the idea is theoretically feasible. Only a small portion of the cars needed to be equipped with sensors for sufficient areal rainfall estimation. Regarding the required sensitivity of the potential rain sensors in cars it could be shown, that often a few classes for rainfall observation are enough for satisfactory areal rainfall estimation. The findings of the study suggest also a revisiting of the rain gauge network optimisation problem.

An Optimal Rain-Gauge Network Using a GIS-Based Approach with Spatial Interpolation Techniques for the Mekong River Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (sp1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Men Huynh ◽  
Sunghoon Hong ◽  
Yongju Kwon ◽  
Van Ty Tran ◽  
Vuong Thu Minh Huynh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Spatial Interpolation ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Mekong River Basin ◽  
Interpolation Techniques ◽  
Rain Gauge Network

River basin-scale flood hazard assessment using a modified multi-criteria decision analysis approach: A case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 574 ◽  
pp. 660-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirhossein Shadmehri Toosi ◽  
Giancarlo Humberto Calbimonte ◽  
Hamideh Nouri ◽  
Sina Alaghmand
Keyword(s):  
Decision Analysis ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
River Basin Scale ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Analysis ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Flood Hazard Assessment

Evaluation and Optimization of a Rain Gauge Network Considering the Altitudinal Distribution of Rain Gauges For the Han River Basin

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-299
Author(s):  
Ji Ho Lee ◽  
◽  
Jung Min Lee ◽  
Jong Geun Kim ◽  
Hwan Don Jun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution ◽  
Rain Gauges ◽  
Han River ◽  
Han River Basin ◽  
Rain Gauge Network

scholarly journals Areal rainfall estimation using moving cars as rain gauges – a modelling study

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1139-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Haberlandt ◽  
M. Sester
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Indicator Kriging ◽  
High Time Resolution ◽  
Rainfall Estimation ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Rain Gauges ◽  
Areal Rainfall ◽  
Rain Gauge Network

Abstract. Optimal spatial assessment of short-time step precipitation for hydrological modelling is still an important research question considering the poor observation networks for high time resolution data. The main objective of this paper is to present a new approach for rainfall observation. The idea is to consider motorcars as moving rain gauges with windscreen wipers as sensors to detect precipitation. This idea is easily technically feasible if the cars are provided with GPS and a small memory chip for recording the coordinates, car speed and wiper frequency. This study explores theoretically the benefits of such an approach. For that a valid relationship between wiper speed and rainfall rate considering uncertainty was assumed here. A simple traffic model is applied to generate motorcars on roads in a river basin. Radar data are used as reference rainfall fields. Rainfall from these fields is sampled with a conventional rain gauge network and with several dynamic networks consisting of moving motorcars, using different assumptions such as accuracy levels for measurements and sensor equipment rates for the car networks. Those observed point rainfall data from the different networks are then used to calculate areal rainfall for different scales. Ordinary kriging and indicator kriging are applied for interpolation of the point data with the latter considering uncertain rainfall observation by cars e.g. according to a discrete number of windscreen wiper operation classes. The results are compared with the values from the radar observations. The study is carried out for the 3300 km2 Bode river basin located in the Harz Mountains in Northern Germany. The results show, that the idea is theoretically feasible and motivate practical experiments. Only a small portion of the cars needed to be equipped with sensors for sufficient areal rainfall estimation. Regarding the required sensitivity of the potential rain sensors in cars it could be shown, that often a few classes for rainfall observation are enough for satisfactory areal rainfall estimation. The findings of the study suggest also a revisiting of the rain gauge network optimisation problem.

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