han river basin
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2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13664
Author(s):  
Yanxia Hu ◽  
Changqing Wang ◽  
Xingxiu Yu ◽  
Shengzhou Yin

The Han River Basin is a main agricultural production area and a water source for the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China. Over the past 20 years, human exploitation and ecological construction have disturbed the sustainability of land productivity in the Han River Basin. Theil–Sen trend analysis, Mann–Kendall statistical test, and Hurst index methods were applied to examine spatial–temporal trends and sustainability characteristics of land net primary productivity (NPP) change in the Han River Basin from 2001 to 2019 using MOD17A3 NPP product, natural, and socio-economic data obtained from Google Earth Engine (GEE). The findings demonstrated that the interannual variation of land NPP exhibited a fluctuating upward trend, with a more pronounced growth rate from 2001 to 2010 than from 2011 to 2019. The spatial heterogeneity of land NPP was evident, with high values in the west and low values in the east. Of the basin area, 57.82% presented a significant increase in land NPP, while only 0.96% showed a significant decrease. In the future, land NPP in the Han River Basin will present sustained growth. The results were also compared with Trends.Earth’s calculations for the SDG 15.3.1 sub-indicator of land productivity. In addition, the spatial heterogeneity of factors influencing land NPP change was explored using a multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model. Precipitation and population count were the dominant factors in most regions. Besides, precipitation, population count, and human modification all exhibited inhibitory effects on the increase in land NPP except for elevation. The research can provide a scientific basis for tracking land degradation neutrality (LDN) progress and achieving sustainable socio-ecological development of the Han River Basin.


Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2469
Author(s):  
Yong-Chul Cho ◽  
Hyeonmi Choi ◽  
Soon-Ju Yu ◽  
Sang-Hun Kim ◽  
Jong-Kwon Im

This study evaluated the spatiotemporal variability of water quality in the Han River Basin (HRB) as well as the contributions of potential pollution sources using multivariate statistical and absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) modeling techniques. From 2011 to 2020, data on water quality parameters were collected from 14 sites in the Ministry of Environment’s water quality monitoring network. Using spatiotemporal cluster analysis, these sites were classified into two periods over the year (dry and wet seasons) and into three regions: low pollution region (LPR), moderate pollution region (MPR), and high pollution region (HPR). Through principal component analysis, we identified four potential factors accounting for 80.1% and 74.1% of the total variance in the LPR and MPR, respectively, and three that accounted for 72.7% of the total variance in the HPR. APCS-MLR results indicated domestic sewage and phytoplankton growth (25%), domestic sewage and seasonal influence (29%), and point pollution sources caused by domestic sewage and industrial wastewater discharge (31%) as potential factors for the LPR, MPR, and HPR. These results demonstrate that the multivariate statistical techniques and the APCS-MLR model can be effectively used to monitor network design, quantitatively evaluate potential pollution sources, and establish efficient water quality management policies.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11477
Author(s):  
Siyeon Kim ◽  
Jiwan Lee ◽  
Seol Jeon ◽  
Moonyoung Lee ◽  
Heejin An ◽  
...  

In aquatic ecosystems, flow is one of the most essential elements of aquatic species. It is necessary to explore the correlation with ecological indices for the management guidelines of aquatic ecosystems using flow because aquatic ecosystem data are limited. This study calculated the flow metrics using the flow and analyzed the correlation between the flow metrics and the ecological index. This study attempted to understand the correlation between the ecologic index and flow metrics. Flow metrics were quantified flow in various ways, depending on the size, frequency, and design of the flow. The characteristics of flow metrics were identified and the correlation with the ecological index was studied. The Pearson correlation coefficient values for 22 watersheds were compared using the flow data from 2008 to 2015 and the ecological index data from the BMI. In watersheds with high imperviousness, the Pearson correlation coefficient was negative, which indicated that the correlation in this study provides basic data for the quantitative evaluation of the river ecosystem by identifying the relationship between imperviousness and BMI. As a result, the highest Pearson correlation coefficient values of flow metrics were related to the flow coefficient of variation (MACV13-16; MHCV; MLCV).


Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 938
Author(s):  
Yanli Gao ◽  
Hongbo Li ◽  
Yan Song

Coordinating the interaction between urbanization and land use multifunctionality (LUMF) is of great significance in regional sustainable development. This article explores the interaction relationship between urbanization and LUMF in the Han River Basin (HRB) of China from 2000 to 2018. We used the combination weighting method, coupling coordination degree model, and geographic detector method to examine the coupling relationship and internal mechanism between urbanization and LUMF. The results showed that (1) there exists a significant correlation between urbanization and LUMF, the coupling coordination degree of each county displayed an upward trend throughout the research period, and the whole region has a radiation effect of central cities; (2) from the perspective of the internal mechanism of urbanization demand and the LUMF supply, we found that social urbanization demand is the primary demand for LUMF, while the town living function is the main supply of LUMF for urbanization, which means social urbanization has more influence than economic and population urbanization on LUMF, and the town living function has greater decisive power than agricultural production function and ecological function on urbanization; and (3) the supply and demand-influencing factors between urbanization and LUMF in each sub-region are different, and the upstream is more susceptible to determinants than the midstream and downstream because of the worse natural resource endowment. In conclusion, the critical finding provides not only guidance to understand the relationship between urbanization and LUMF but also suggests that the government should adapt to local conditions when formulating regional development planning.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Sun ◽  
Baozhu Pan ◽  
Haoran He ◽  
Gengnan Zhao ◽  
Xiaoming Jiang ◽  
...  

Abstract The upper reaches of the Han River are the source region of water for the Middle Route of China’s South-to-North Water Diversion Project, mainly for household, industrial, and irrigation purposes. Planktonic bacteria are more sensitive than macroorganisms to water physical and chemical properties and play a critical role in biogeochemical processes in river ecosystems. In November 2017 and April 2018, a systematic and methodical survey was carried out to evaluate the water quality and bacterial communities, on the mainstem of the Han River and its five main tributaries. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology has been employed to investigate the bacterioplankton community composition. The results indicated that: 1) Diversity increased downstream, especially in the upper reaches of the Han River. 2) The relative abundance of Actinobacteria increased with the increase of river length, while that of Bacteroidetes decreased slightly. 3) Five tributaries were found to be importance sources of taxa to the Han River, however in both months a large proportion of OTUs (37.84% and 36.34%, respectively) had unknown sources. 4) Finally, redundancy analysis (RDA) and Bioenv analysis showed that environmental parameters (pH, TN, Cond, NH4+-N, DO, NO2−-N, Chl-a and T) had a great influence (p ≤ 0.05) on the bacterioplankton community. These research results are beneficial for the managing the ecological system, protecting the tributary biodiversity, and conserving the mainstem and tributaries of the Han River basin.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Tian ◽  
Shenglian Guo ◽  
Lele Deng ◽  
Jiabo Yin ◽  
Zhengke Pan ◽  
...  

AbstractGlobal warming and anthropogenic changes can result in the heterogeneity of water availability in the spatiotemporal scale, which will further affect the allocation of water resources. A lot of researches have been devoted to examining the responses of water availability to global warming while neglected future anthropogenic changes. What’s more, only a few studies have investigated the response of optimal allocation of water resources to the projected climate and anthropogenic changes. In this study, a cascade model chain is developed to evaluate the impacts of projected climate change and human activities on optimal allocation of water resources. Firstly, a large set of global climate models (GCMs) associated with the Daily Bias Correction (DBC) method are employed to project future climate scenarios, while the Cellular Automaton–Markov (CA–Markov) model is used to project future Land Use/Cover Change (LUCC) scenarios. Then the runoff simulation is based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model with necessary inputs under the future conditions. Finally, the optimal water resources allocation model is established based on the evaluation of water supply and water demand. The Han River basin in China was selected as a case study. The results show that: (1) the annual runoff indicates an increasing trend in the future in contrast with the base period, while the ascending rate of the basin under RCP 4.5 is 4.47%; (2) a nonlinear relationship has been identified between the optimal allocation of water resources and water availability, while a linear association exists between the former and water demand; (3) increased water supply are needed in the water donor area, the middle and lower reaches should be supplemented with 4.495 billion m3 water in 2030. This study provides an example of a management template for guiding the allocation of water resources, and improves understandings of the assessments of water availability and demand at a regional or national scale.


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