The osteoblastic differentiation ability of human dedifferentiated fat cells is higher than that of adipose stem cells from the buccal fat pad

This case report seeks to describe efficient clinical application of adipose-derived stem cells (AdSCs) originated from buccal fat pad (BFP) in combination with conventional guided bone regeneration as protected healing space for reconstruction of large alveolar defects after extraction of multiple impacted teeth. The first case was a 19-year-old woman with several impacted teeth in the maxillary and mandibular regions, which could not be forced to erupt and were recommended for surgical extraction by the orthodontist. After this procedure, a large bone defect was created, and this space was filled by AdSC loaded natural bovine bone mineral (NBBM), which was protected with lateral ramus cortical plates, microscrews, and collagen membrane. After 6 months of post-guided bone regeneration, the patient received 6 and 7 implant placements, respectively, in the maxilla and mandible. At 10 months postoperatively, radiographic evaluation revealed thorough survival of implants. The second case was a 22-year-old man with the same complaint and large bony defects created after his teeth were extracted. After 6 months of post-guided bone regeneration, he received 4 dental implants in his maxilla and 7 implants in the mandible. At 48 months postoperatively, radiographs showed complete survival of implants. This approach represented a considerable amount of 3-dimensional bone formation in both cases, which enabled us to use dental implant therapy for rehabilitation of the whole dentition. The application of AdSCs isolated from BFP in combination with NBBM can be considered an efficient treatment for bone regeneration in large alveolar bone defects.

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Chondrogenesis of Infrapatellar Fat Pad Derived Adipose Stem Cells in 3D Printed Chitosan Scaffold

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0099410 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. e99410 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Ken Ye ◽

Raed Felimban ◽

Kathy Traianedes ◽

Simon E. Moulton ◽

Gordon G. Wallace ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Adipose Stem Cells ◽

Infrapatellar Fat Pad ◽

Fat Pad ◽

Chitosan Scaffold ◽

3D Printed

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Osteoblastogenesis Alters Small RNA Profiles in EVs Derived from Bone Marrow Stem Cells (BMSCs) and Adipose Stem Cells (ASCs)

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines8100387 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 387

Author(s):

Yan Yan ◽

Clare Chang ◽

Junyi Su ◽

Morten T. Venø ◽

Jørgen Kjems

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Small Rna ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Osteoblastic Differentiation ◽

Bone Marrow Stem Cells ◽

Adipose Stem Cells ◽

Special Focus ◽

Paracrine Factors ◽

Specific Subset

Multipotent stem cells (MSCs) are used in various therapeutic applications based on their paracrine secretion activity. Here, we set out to identify and characterize the paracrine factors released during osteoblastogenesis, with a special focus on small non-coding RNAs released in extracellular vesicles (EVs). Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) and adipose stem cells (ASCs) from healthy human donors were used as representatives of MSCs. We isolated EVs secreted before and after induction of osteoblastic differentiation and found that the EVs contained a specific subset of microRNAs (miRNAs) and tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNA) compared to their parental cells. Osteoblastic differentiation had a larger effect on the small RNA profile of BMSC-EVs relative to ASC-EVs. Our data showed that EVs from different MSC origin exhibited distinct expression profiles of small RNA profiles when undergoing osteoblastogenesis, a factor that should be taken into consideration for stem cell therapy.

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Buccal fat pad‐derived stem cells with anorganic bovine bone mineral scaffold for augmentation of atrophic posterior mandible: An exploratory prospective clinical study

Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research ◽

10.1111/cid.12729 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 292-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Arash Khojasteh ◽

Sepanta Hosseinpour ◽

Maryam Rezai Rad ◽

Marzieh Alikhasi ◽

Homayoun H. Zadeh

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Clinical Study ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Prospective Clinical Study ◽

Bovine Bone ◽

Fat Pad ◽

Buccal Fat Pad ◽

Bovine Bone Mineral

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Buccal Fat Pad as a Potential Source of Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration: A Literature Review

Stem Cells International ◽

10.1155/2017/8354640 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Nasim Salehi-Nik ◽

Maryam Rezai Rad ◽

Lida Kheiri ◽

Pantea Nazeman ◽

Nasser Nadjmi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Tissue Engineering ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

The Body ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Great Promise ◽

Fat Pad ◽

Buccal Fat Pad ◽

Adipose Tissues

Adipose tissues hold great promise in bone tissue engineering since they are available in large quantities as a waste material. The buccal fat pad (BFP) is a specialized adipose tissue that is easy to harvest and contains a rich blood supply, and its harvesting causes low complications for patients. This review focuses on the characteristics and osteogenic capability of stem cells derived from BFP as a valuable cell source for bone tissue engineering. An electronic search was performed on all in vitro and in vivo studies that used stem cells from BFP for the purpose of bone tissue engineering from 2010 until 2016. This review was organized according to the PRISMA statement. Adipose-derived stem cells derived from BFP (BFPSCs) were compared with adipose tissues from other parts of the body (AdSCs). Moreover, the osteogenic capability of dedifferentiated fat cells (DFAT) derived from BFP (BFP-DFAT) has been reported in comparison with BFPSCs. BFP is an easily accessible source of stem cells that can be obtained via the oral cavity without injury to the external body surface. Comparing BFPSCs with AdSCs indicated similar cell yield, morphology, and multilineage differentiation. However, BFPSCs proliferate faster and are more prone to producing colonies than AdSCs.

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