A persistent local thermal anomaly in the Ahorn gneiss recharged by glacier melt water (Austria)

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 603-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus-Dieter Heldmann ◽  
Ingo Sass ◽  
Rafael Schäffer
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Anomaly ◽  
Glacier Melt ◽  
Melt Water

scholarly journals Estimated Wind River Range (Wyoming, USA) Glacier Melt Water Contributions to Agriculture

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 818-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Cheesbrough ◽  
Jake Edmunds ◽  
Glenn Tootle ◽  
Greg Kerr ◽  
Larry Pochop
Keyword(s):  
Wind River Range ◽  
Glacier Melt ◽  
Melt Water

scholarly journals Observations on the Glaciers of the Ruwenzori

1963 ◽  
Vol 4 (35) ◽  
pp. 581-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Whittow ◽  
A. Shepherd ◽  
J. E. Goldthorpe ◽  
P. H. Temple
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Makerere University ◽  
Glacier Melt ◽  
Melt Water ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiation Measurements ◽  
Apparent Acceleration

Abstract The glaciological work of six expeditions from Makerere University College to the Ruwenzori between December 1957 and July 1961 is described and some results are given. The history of glaciological research in the Ruwenzori mountain range is outlined and the present ice distribution is described. A variety of evidence is presented to illustrate the pattern of change over the last 50 years, and all the glaciers examined are shown to have been drastically reduced in size, with an apparent acceleration in melting since the 1940’s. Six glaciers are known to have disappeared completely, whilst several others have split into smaller units. A detailed survey of the Speke Glacier on Mount Speke was made, and calculations show that if the present trends continue all the ice below 4,573 in. on Mount Speke can he expected to disappear within the next 40 years. The Elena and Savoia Glaciers on Mount Stanley and the Moore Glacier on Mount Baker are described, and recessional rates for each glacier are calculated. Measurements of the ice movement of the Elena Glacier demonstrate that it is still a fairly active glacier, although the Moore Glacier is thought to be completely stagnant. Other scientific measurements of glaciological significance include subglacial temperatures for the Elena Glacier, melt-water flow rates from the Speke Glacier and solar radiation measurements for several stations near the Ruwenzori ice margins.

scholarly journals Radio Echo Sounding: Absorption and Scattering by Water Inclusion and Ice Lenses

1972 ◽  
Vol 11 (61) ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Ewen Smith ◽  
S. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Scattered Power ◽  
Glacier Melt ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Water Layers ◽  
Melt Water ◽  
Radio Echo Sounding ◽  
Radio Wavelength ◽  
Water Inclusion

AbstractThe absorption of radio waves propagating through naturally occurring waters varies greatly with the electrical conductivity. Glacier melt water is very transparent and the attenuation by melt water layers is due to reflexion of power, whereas the attenuation of sea-water layers is due to absorption. The attenuation of soaked firn is usually prohibitive if the liquid is brine but it should not be a serious obstacle to radio echo strength if the liquid is rain-water or melt water. However, the magnitude of the scattered power can become greater than that from continuous (bedrock) reflectors if the size of the irregularities in the medium is large (approaching the radio wavelength in ice). Echo power formulae show that ice lenses may have the most serious effect and that low radio frequencies will be necessary to combat this.

Radio Echo Sounding: Absorption and Scattering by Water Inclusion and Ice Lenses

1972 ◽  
Vol 11 (61) ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Ewen Smith ◽  
S. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Scattered Power ◽  
Glacier Melt ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Water Layers ◽  
Melt Water ◽  
Radio Echo Sounding ◽  
Radio Wavelength ◽  
Water Inclusion

Abstract The absorption of radio waves propagating through naturally occurring waters varies greatly with the electrical conductivity. Glacier melt water is very transparent and the attenuation by melt water layers is due to reflexion of power, whereas the attenuation of sea-water layers is due to absorption. The attenuation of soaked firn is usually prohibitive if the liquid is brine but it should not be a serious obstacle to radio echo strength if the liquid is rain-water or melt water. However, the magnitude of the scattered power can become greater than that from continuous (bedrock) reflectors if the size of the irregularities in the medium is large (approaching the radio wavelength in ice). Echo power formulae show that ice lenses may have the most serious effect and that low radio frequencies will be necessary to combat this.

scholarly journals Observations on the Glaciers of the Ruwenzori

1963 ◽  
Vol 4 (35) ◽  
pp. 581-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Whittow ◽  
A. Shepherd ◽  
J. E. Goldthorpe ◽  
P. H. Temple
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Makerere University ◽  
Glacier Melt ◽  
Melt Water ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiation Measurements ◽  
Apparent Acceleration

AbstractThe glaciological work of six expeditions from Makerere University College to the Ruwenzori between December 1957 and July 1961 is described and some results are given.The history of glaciological research in the Ruwenzori mountain range is outlined and the present ice distribution is described. A variety of evidence is presented to illustrate the pattern of change over the last 50 years, and all the glaciers examined are shown to have been drastically reduced in size, with an apparent acceleration in melting since the 1940’s. Six glaciers are known to have disappeared completely, whilst several others have split into smaller units.A detailed survey of the Speke Glacier on Mount Speke was made, and calculations show that if the present trends continue all the ice below 4,573 in. on Mount Speke can he expected to disappear within the next 40 years.The Elena and Savoia Glaciers on Mount Stanley and the Moore Glacier on Mount Baker are described, and recessional rates for each glacier are calculated. Measurements of the ice movement of the Elena Glacier demonstrate that it is still a fairly active glacier, although the Moore Glacier is thought to be completely stagnant. Other scientific measurements of glaciological significance include subglacial temperatures for the Elena Glacier, melt-water flow rates from the Speke Glacier and solar radiation measurements for several stations near the Ruwenzori ice margins.

scholarly journals Identification of glacial melt water runoff in a karstic environment and its implication for present and future water availability

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2743-2788 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Finger ◽  
A. Hugentobler ◽  
M. Huss ◽  
A. Voinesco ◽  
H. Wernli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Glacier Melt ◽  
Melt Water ◽  
Karstic Environment

Abstract. Glaciers all over the world are expected to continue to retreat due to the global warming throughout the 21st century. Consequently, future seasonal water availability might become scarce once glacier areas have declined below a certain threshold affecting future water management strategies. Particular attention should be paid to glaciers located in a karstic environment, as parts of the melt water can be drained by souterrain karst systems. In this study tracer experiments, karst modeling and glacier melt modeling are combined in order to identify flow paths in a high alpine, glacierized, karstic environment (Glacier de la Plaine Morte, Switzerland) and to investigate current and predict future downstream water availability. Flow paths through the karst underground were determined with natural and fluorescent tracers. Subsequently, tracer results and geologic information were assembled in a karst model. Finally, glacier melt projections driven with a climate scenario were performed to discuss future water availability in the area surrounding the glacier. The results suggest that during late summer glacier melt water is rapidly drained through well-developed channels at the glacier bottom to the north of the glacier, while during low flow season melt water enters into the karst and is drained to the south. Climate change projections reveal that by the end of the century glacier melt will be significantly reduced in the summer, jeopardizing water availability in glacier-fed karst springs.

scholarly journals Modified temperature index model for estimating the melt water discharge from debris-covered Lirung Glacier, Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 368 ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Parajuli ◽  
M. B. Chand ◽  
R. B. Kayastha ◽  
J. M. Shea ◽  
P. K. Mool
Keyword(s):  
Water Discharge ◽  
Accurate Estimate ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Glacier Area ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Temperature Index ◽  
Index Model ◽  
Glacier Melt ◽  
Melt Water

Abstract. In the Nepalese Himalayas, the complex topography, occurrence of debris covered glaciers, and limited data availability creates substantial difficulties for modelling glacier melt. The proper recognition of melt processes governs the accurate estimation of melt water from glacier dominated systems, even in the presence of debris-covered glaciers. This paper presents a glacier melt model developed for the Lirung sub-basin of Langtang valley, which has both a clean glacier area, 5.86 km2, and a debris-covered glacier area, 1.13 km2. We use a temperature index approach to estimate sub-daily melt water discharge for a two week period at the end of monsoon, and the melt factor is varied according to the aspect and distributed to each grid processed from the digital elevation model. The model uses easily available data and simple extrapolation techniques capable of generating melt with limited data. The result obtained from this method provides accurate estimate with an R2 value of 0.89, bias of 0.9% and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.86, and suitable in Himalaya where data availability is major issue.

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