Ecophysiological vulnerability to climate change: water stress responses in four tree species from the central mountain region of Veracruz, Mexico

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Esperón-Rodríguez ◽  
Víctor L. Barradas
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change

scholarly journals Future climate change promotes novel gene-climate associations in balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.), a forest tree species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew V. Gougherty ◽  
Stephen R. Keller ◽  
Vikram E. Chhatre ◽  
Matthew C. Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Balsam Poplar ◽  
Novel Gene ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change

ABSTRACTA central challenge to predicting climate change effects on biodiversity is integrating information on intraspecific variation, specifically population-level local adaptation to climate. Assessing how climate change could disrupt local adaptation to climate can provide a new way of understanding population risk and vulnerability to climate change. For the wide-ranging boreal tree species, balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.), we used models of existing population-level genetic differentiation to estimate three key components of population’s vulnerability to climate change: (1) predicted shifts in genetic composition with and without migration, (2) the potential for future novel gene-climate associations, and (3) the distance populations would need to migrate to minimize future maladaptation. When assessed across the range of balsam poplar, these three metrics suggest that vulnerability to climate change is greatest in the eastern portion of balsam poplar’s range, where future maladaptation peaked, migration distances to sites that minimized maladaptation were greatest, and the emergence of novel gene-climate associations were highest. Our results further suggest greater maladaptation to climate when migration distances were limited – consistent with the possibility of migration to lessen maladaptation to future climate. Our work provides a comprehensive evaluation of population’s vulnerability to climate change by simultaneously assessing population maladaptation to future climate and the distances populations would need to migrate to minimize maladaptation, in a way that goes beyond species-level bioclimatic modelling. In doing so, our work helps advance towards the long-held goal of incorporating genomic information in models of species responses to climate change.

scholarly journals Ecophysiological Vulnerability to Climate Change in Mexico City’s Urban Forest

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor L. Barradas ◽  
Manuel Esperon-Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change

Urban forests play an important role in regulating urban climate while providing multiple environmental services. These forests, however, are threatened by changes in climate, as plants are exposed not only to global climate change but also to urban climate, having an impact on physiological functions. Here, we selected two physiological variables (stomatal conductance and leaf water potential) and four environmental variables (air temperature, photosynthetically active radiation, vapor pressure deficit, and water availability) to compare and evaluate the ecophysiological vulnerability to climate change of 15 dominant tree species from Mexico City’s urban forest. The stomatal conductance response was evaluated using the boundary-line analysis, which allowed us to compare the stomatal response to changes in the environment among species. Our results showed differential species responses to the environmental variables and identified Buddleja cordata and Populus deltoides as the least and most vulnerable species, respectively. Air temperatures above 33°C and vapor pressure deficit above 3.5 kPa limited the stomatal function of all species. Stomatal conductance was more sensitive to changes in leaf water potential, followed by vapor pressure deficit, indicating that water is a key factor for tree species performance in Mexico City’s urban forest. Our findings can help to optimize species selection considering future climate change by identifying vulnerable and resilient species.

Hanging by a thread? Forests and drought

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 368 (6488) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Brodribb ◽  
Jennifer Powers ◽  
Hervé Cochard ◽  
Brendan Choat
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Generation Time ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Terrestrial Biodiversity ◽  
Sessile Organisms

Trees are the living foundations on which most terrestrial biodiversity is built. Central to the success of trees are their woody bodies, which connect their elevated photosynthetic canopies with the essential belowground activities of water and nutrient acquisition. The slow construction of these carbon-dense, woody skeletons leads to a slow generation time, leaving trees and forests highly susceptible to rapid changes in climate. Other long-lived, sessile organisms such as corals appear to be poorly equipped to survive rapid changes, which raises questions about the vulnerability of contemporary forests to future climate change. The emerging view that, similar to corals, tree species have rather inflexible damage thresholds, particularly in terms of water stress, is especially concerning. This Review examines recent progress in our understanding of how the future looks for forests growing in a hotter and drier atmosphere.

scholarly journals A Metodologia de Escopo Global MWSP Aplicada no Âmbito Local para Análise do Estresse Hidrológico no Médio Trecho da Bacia do Ipojuca- PE: uma Contribuição à Temática da Transposição do Rio São Francisco (The Methodology of Global Scope MWSP Applied ...)

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 602
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Regina Alves Cavalcanti Silva ◽  
Josiclêda Domiciano Galvincio
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
High Water ◽  
Middle Section ◽  
Middle Portion ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Rain Gauges ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
Climate Vulnerability

Este trabalho procura avaliar o grau de Estresse Hidrico (Eh) na area correspondente ao medio trecho da Bacia do Ipojuca – PE tomando por base dados obtidos de postos pluviometricos e fluviometricos do periodo de 1973-2008 do municipio de Caruaru, localizado no agreste do estado de Pernambuco. O valor de Estresse Hidrico foi obtido a partir da integracao dos resultados de calculos da razao de uso dos recursos hidricos (Ru) e da vulnerabilidade as mudanças climaticas da Bacia. Os resultados obtidos indicam que ha um alto estresse hidrico na Bacia em questao e este estudo pode vir a auxiliar outros que, porventura, possam prestar um auxilio para mitigacao dos efeitos decorrentes da falta de gerenciamento dos recursos hidricos na bacia hidrografica. Palavras-chaves: razao de uso, nao-estacionariedade, variabilidade das vazoes, vulnerabilidade climática.  The Methodology of Global Scope MWSP Applied Locally for Analysis of Stress in Middle Section of Hydrological Basin of Ipojuca-PE: a Contribution to Theme of Transposition of the São Francisco   ABSTRACT This work searchs to evaluate the degree of water stress (Eh) in the area corresponding to the middle portion of the Basin Ipojuca - PE based on data obtained from rain gauges and rainfall gauging the period 1973-2008 at Caruaru, located in the rough state Pernambuco. The value of Water Stress was derived from the integration of results of calculations of the rate of use of water resources (Ru) and vulnerability to climate change in the Basin. The results indicate that there is a high water stress in the basin in question and this study might help others that, perhaps, can give a help to mitigate the effects arising from lack of water resources management in the watershed.  Keywords: reasons of use, non-stationarity, variability of flows, climate vulnerability.

Biscogniauxia (Hypoxylon) Canker or Dieback in Trees

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Paez ◽  
Jason A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Root Disease ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Quercus Spp

Biscogniauxia canker or dieback (formerly called Hypoxylon canker or dieback) is a common contributor to poor health and decay in a wide range of tree species (Balbalian & Henn 2014). This disease is caused by several species of fungi in the genus Biscogniauxia (formerly Hypoxylon). B. atropunctata or B. mediterranea are usually the species found on Quercus spp. and other hosts in Florida, affecting trees growing in many different habitats, such as forests, parks, green spaces and urban areas (McBride & Appel, 2009).  Typically, species of Biscogniauxia are opportunistic pathogens that do not affect healthy and vigorous trees; some species are more virulent than others. However, once they infect trees under stress (water stress, root disease, soil compaction, construction damage etc.) they can quickly colonize the host. Once a tree is infected and fruiting structures of the fungus are evident, the tree is not likely to survive especially if the infection is in the tree's trunk (Anderson et al., 1995).

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