scholarly journals Bottom-up effects of endophytic Beauveria bassiana on multitrophic interactions between the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, and its natural enemies in melon

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 1271-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. González-Mas ◽  
M. Cuenca-Medina ◽  
F. Gutiérrez-Sánchez ◽  
E. Quesada-Moraga
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Multitrophic Interactions ◽  
Cotton Aphid ◽  
Bottom Up

scholarly journals Tritrophic interaction between the Mexican sunflower, the aphid Aphis gossypii and natural enemies in a greenhouse experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e47120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Venâncio ◽  
Renata Alexandre Bianchi ◽  
Thaís Oliveira Santos Lobato ◽  
Marcus Vinícius Sampaio ◽  
Jean Carlos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Cotton Aphid ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Aphid Density ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

The establishment of invasive plants negatively affects natural environments. Invasive herbivores that attack weeds can be used as a form of biological control, but natural enemies of herbivores must be associated with this interaction to prevent the invasive phytophagous from become a local pest. We performed a greenhouse experiment to evaluate how the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, a ok and invasive herbivore, affects the performance of the weed Tithonia diversifolia, the Mexican sunflower. We also examined the relationship between the aphid and local natural enemies. Seedlings of T. diversifolia were divided in two groups: one infested by the aphid and another not infested. After 22 days, we assessed the relationship between aphid abundance and the presence of natural enemies (Coccinelidae and Aphidius platensis) on infested plants, and compared the vegetative performance of the two seedling groups. Both natural enemies were positively related to high aphid density on infested plants. Plants infested by the aphid presented foliar necrosis and senescence, and a reduction of around 50% in leaf number, foliar area, shoot length and shoot, root and total plant weight compared to non-infested plants. These results indicate potential biological control of Mexican sunflower seedlings by the cotton aphid, and control of this aphid by the studied natural enemies.

scholarly journals Sulfoxaflor Applied via Drip Irrigation Effectively Controls Cotton Aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover)

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang ◽  
Wu ◽  
Chen ◽  
Tian ◽  
Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Cotton Aphid ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
The Cost

Aphis gossypii Glover is a major pest of cotton and can severely affect cotton yield and lint quality. In this study, the efficacy of sulfoxaflor applied via drip irrigation and foliar spray on controlling cotton aphids was evaluated in 2016 and 2017 in Xinjiang, China. The distribution of sulfoxaflor in cotton roots, stems, leaves, and aphids, as well as its effects on two natural enemies of aphids, were also investigated. Results showed that sulfoxaflor applied through drip irrigation mainly concentrated in leaves and provided effective control of cotton aphids for 40 days, compared to 20 days when applied through foliar spray. Furthermore, drip application resulted in much lower sulfoxaflor concentrations in aphids than foliar spray. As a result, ladybird beetle and lacewing populations were higher in drip applied plants than in foliar sprayed plants. Additionally, the cost of drip irrigation was lower than foliar spray as cotton plants are commonly irrigated via drip irrigation in Xinjiang. Our results showed that application of sulfoxaflor through drip irrigation is an effective way of controlling cotton aphids in Xinjiang due to a prolonged control period, safety to two natural enemies, and lower cost of application.

The influence of natural enemies on wing induction in Aphis fabae and Megoura viciae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kunert ◽  
K. Schmoock-Ortlepp ◽  
U. Reissmann ◽  
S. Creutzburg ◽  
W.W. Weisser
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Chrysoperla Carnea ◽  
Cotton Aphid ◽  
Aphid Density ◽  
Megoura Viciae

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that the aphid species, Aphis fabae Scopoli and Megoura viciae Buckton, do not produce winged offspring in the presence of natural enemies, in contrast to results for the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)) and the cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover); but these studies did not involve exposing aphids directly to natural enemies. We exposed colonies of both A. fabae and M. viciae to foraging lacewing (Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens)) larvae and found that the predators did not induce winged morphs among offspring compared to unexposed controls. Colonies of A. fabae responded to an increase in aphid density with increasing winged morph production, while such response was not found for M. viciae. We suggest that different aphid species differ in their susceptibility to natural enemy attack, as well as in their sensitivity to contact.

Identification of Semiochemicals Released by Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, Upon Infestation by the Cotton Aphid, Aphis gossypii

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 741-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahabaleshwar Hegde ◽  
Janser N. Oliveira ◽  
Joao G. da Costa ◽  
Ervino Bleicher ◽  
Antonio E. G. Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Cotton Aphid

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Gyropsylla spegazziniana (Lizer & Trelles) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) to Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill.

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Francisco Angeli Alves ◽  
Marina Andressa Formentini ◽  
André Luis Pereira Fanti ◽  
Maria Elena Schapovaloff ◽  
Ionete Lúcia Milani Barzotto
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Laboratory Setting ◽  
Pest Insects ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Zoophthora Radicans ◽  
High Level

Gyropsylla spegazziniana is one of the most prominent pest insects of yerba mate culture in all production regions in Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay. Natural enemies have been recorded on G. spegazziniana nymphs and adults, including the Zoophthora radicans entomopathogenic fungus. Since there are no reports of Beauveria bassiana, the aim of this study was to register its pathogenicity with respect to this insect in a laboratory setting. Yerba mate branches were kept in glass flasks with water and we infested each leaf with 20 newly-emerged nymphs. We prepared three replicates per treatment. We sprayed conidia suspensions (1 × 109 conidia/mL) onto the branches, which we transferred to cages and kept in an acclimatized room (26 ± 1°C, 70 ± 10% of relative humidity (R.H.) with a photophase of 14 hours). We evaluated insect mortality daily, and after five days we observed a high level of pathogenicity due to the presence of the fungus, that could be visually observed on the cadaver. The total mortality varied from 25 to 70% (respectively for Unioeste 4 and CG 716) and the confirmed mortality was 30% for Unioeste 52, revealing the fungus' potential. However, more studies are necessary in order to evaluate the strains of this fungus, as well as other species.

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