scholarly journals Dropping out of school and chronic disease in the United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Vaughn ◽  
Christopher P. Salas-Wright ◽  
Brandy R. Maynard
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Out Of School

Education across Borders: The Relationship between Age at Migration and Educational Attainment for Mexico-U.S. Child Migrants

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-48
Author(s):  
Karyn Miller
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Migrant Students ◽  
Child Migration ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Out Of School ◽  
Years Of Schooling

Background/Context The flow of people, including children, across international borders is a growing trend. While research has emphasized the relationship between parental migration and children's educational outcomes, little is known about how child migration itself influences educational attainment. Purpose To examine the relationship between Mexico-US. child migration and (a) completed years of schooling and (b) likelihood of dropping out of school. Subjects 33,705 Mexican-born individuals between 7 and 22 years old. Research Design Secondary data analysis. Data Collection/Analysis Using data from the Mexican Migration Project (MMP134), pooled OLS and logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between Mexico-US. child migration and (a) completed years of schooling and (b) likelihood of dropping out of school. The sample was split into three groups representing age at first migration (0–6, 7–12, 13–15), allowing for investigation of age-specific incentives and barriers to investment in education. Further descriptive analysis explored what children who drop out of school do instead. Findings Mexican-born children who first migrate to the United States between the ages of 0 and 6 may have an educational advantage relative to their peers who stay behind, while those who migrate between the ages of 13 and 15 have an educational disadvantage. Specifically, migration in early childhood is related to more years of schooling and increased persistence in school for compulsory school-age children; migration in later childhood is associated with an increased likelihood of dropping out of school. Parental education and household wealth are strong, positive predictors of educational attainment, while being from a community with high migration rates is related to fewer years of schooling and a higher likelihood of dropping out. Of those who drop out, the majority of females are engaged in housework while the majority of males are employed as unskilled workers. Further, migrant students who drop out of school in the United States are more likely to be poor, male, members of large families, and have parents with low levels of education. Conclusions This study suggests that educational policy regarding migrant students cannot be divorced from the larger, national immigration debate. It also identifies hey characteristics of migrant students who drop out of school in the United States, which has implications for practice. Schools and support services can target this vulnerable population and the specific challenges to educational attainment it encounters.

scholarly journals Patterns and correlates of mis-implementation in state chronic disease public health practice in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret M. Padek ◽  
Stephanie Mazzucca ◽  
Peg Allen ◽  
Emily Rodriguez Weno ◽  
Edward Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Effective Programs

Abstract Background Much of the disease burden in the United States is preventable through application of existing knowledge. State-level public health practitioners are in ideal positions to affect programs and policies related to chronic disease, but the extent to which mis-implementation occurring with these programs is largely unknown. Mis-implementation refers to ending effective programs and policies prematurely or continuing ineffective ones. Methods A 2018 comprehensive survey assessing the extent of mis-implementation and multi-level influences on mis-implementation was reported by state health departments (SHDs). Questions were developed from previous literature. Surveys were emailed to randomly selected SHD employees across the Unites States. Spearman’s correlation and multinomial logistic regression were used to assess factors in mis-implementation. Results Half (50.7%) of respondents were chronic disease program managers or unit directors. Forty nine percent reported that programs their SHD oversees sometimes, often or always continued ineffective programs. Over 50% also reported that their SHD sometimes or often ended effective programs. The data suggest the strongest correlates and predictors of mis-implementation were at the organizational level. For example, the number of organizational layers impeded decision-making was significant for both continuing ineffective programs (OR=4.70; 95% CI=2.20, 10.04) and ending effective programs (OR=3.23; 95% CI=1.61, 7.40). Conclusion The data suggest that changing certain agency practices may help in minimizing the occurrence of mis-implementation. Further research should focus on adding context to these issues and helping agencies engage in appropriate decision-making. Greater attention to mis-implementation should lead to greater use of effective interventions and more efficient expenditure of resources, ultimately to improve health outcomes.

Volunteers: An Effective Medium for Delivering Therapeutic Lifestyle Interventions

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712110625
Author(s):  
Lillian M. Kent ◽  
Paul M. Rankin ◽  
Darren P. Morton ◽  
Rebekah M. Rankin ◽  
Roger L. Greenlaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
The United States ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile

Purpose Lifestyle modification programs have been shown to effectively treat chronic disease. The Coronary Health Improvement Program has been delivered by both paid professional and unpaid volunteer facilitators. This study compared participant outcomes of each mode in the United States. Design Pre-/post-analysis of CHIP interventions delivered between 1999 and 2012. Setting Professional-delivered programs in Rockford Illinois 1999-2004 and volunteer-delivered programs across North America 2005-2012. Subjects Adults ≥21 years (professional programs N = 3158 34.3% men, mean age = 54.0 ± 11.4 years; volunteer programs N = 7115 33.4% men, mean age = 57.4 ± 13.0 years). Measures Body mass index, blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), blood lipid profile (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein), and fasting plasma glucose. Analysis Analysis of Covariance, with adjustment for age, gender, BMI change and baseline biometric and effect sizes. Results The professional-delivered programs achieved significantly greater reductions in BMI (.4%, P < .001) and HDL (1.9%, P < .001) and the volunteer-delivered programs achieved greater reductions in SBP (1.4%, P < .001), DBP (1.1%, P < .001), TC (1.4%, P = .004), LDL (2.3%, P < .001), TG (4.0%, P = .006), and FPG (2.7%, P < .001). However, the effect size differences between the groups were minimal (Cohen’s d .1-.2). Conclusions Lifestyle modification programs have been shown to effectively treat chronic disease. The Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) lifestyle intervention has been delivered by both paid professional and unpaid volunteer facilitators. This study compared selected chronic disease biometric outcomes of participants in each mode in the United States. It found volunteer-delivered programs do not appear to be any less effective than programs delivered by paid professionals, which is noteworthy as volunteers may provide important social capital in the combat of chronic disease.

scholarly journals Patterns and Correlates of Mis-implementation in State Chronic Disease Public Health Practice in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Padek ◽  
Stephanie Mazzucca ◽  
Peg Allen ◽  
Emily Rodriguez Weno ◽  
Edward Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Effective Programs

Abstract Background: Much of the disease burden in the United States is preventable through application of existing knowledge. State-level public health practitioners are in ideal positions to affect programs and policies related to chronic disease, but the extent to which mis-implementation occurring with these programs is largely unknown. Mis-implementation refers to ending effective programs and policies prematurely or continuing ineffective ones. Methods: A 2018 comprehensive survey assessing the extent of mis-implementation and multi-level influences on mis-implementation was reported by state health departments (SHDs). Questions were developed from previous literature. Surveys were emailed to randomly selected SHD employees across the Unites States. Spearman’s correlation and multinomial logistic regression were used to assess factors in mis-implementation. Results: Half (50.7%) of respondents were chronic disease program managers or unit directors. Forty nine percent reported that programs their SHD oversees sometimes, often or always continued ineffective programs. Over 50% also reported that their SHD sometimes or often ended effective programs. The data suggest the strongest correlates and predictors of mis-implementation were at the organizational level. For example, the number of organizational layers impeded decision-making was significant for both continuing ineffective programs (OR=4.70; 95% CI=2.20, 10.04) and ending effective programs (OR=3.23; 95% CI=1.61, 7.40). Conclusion: The data suggest that changing certain agency practices may help in minimizing the occurrence of mis-implementation. Further research should focus on adding context to these issues and helping agencies engage in appropriate decision-making. Greater attention to mis-implementation should lead to greater use of effective interventions and more efficient expenditure of resources, ultimately to improve health outcomes.

Dropping Out of Mental Health Treatment: Patterns and Predictors Among Epidemiological Survey Respondents in the United States and Ontario

2002 ◽  
Vol 159 (5) ◽  
pp. 845-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Edlund ◽  
Philip S. Wang ◽  
Patricia A. Berglund ◽  
Stephen J. Katz ◽  
Elizabeth Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Treatment Patterns ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Health Treatment

Grassroots Community Collaboratives

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-128
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Community Initiatives ◽  
Potential Effectiveness ◽  
Socioeconomic Issues ◽  
Grassroots Initiatives ◽  
Community Collaboratives

Grassroots community initiatives can be vital to the education and stabilization of vulnerable populations experiencing problems, such as chronic disease and socioeconomic issues. A historical overview of the origins of some grassroots initiatives in the United States are explored. The potential effectiveness of grassroots initiatives used in the past and implemented in the current healthcare environment is examined for purposeful use in resolving health disparities. While, historically, there have been multiple interventions to resolve the problem of health disparities, the problem of socioeconomic and racial injustices still prevent change. Nonetheless, change is possible and can be accomplished.

Chronic Disease – Related Behaviors and Health Among African Americans and Hispanics in the REACH Detroit 2010 Communities, Michigan, and the United States

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 256S-264S ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith C. Kieffer ◽  
Brandy R. Sinco ◽  
Ann Rafferty ◽  
Michael S. Spencer ◽  
Gloria Palmisano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
African Americans ◽  
The United States
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