Volunteers: An Effective Medium for Delivering Therapeutic Lifestyle Interventions

Purpose Lifestyle modification programs have been shown to effectively treat chronic disease. The Coronary Health Improvement Program has been delivered by both paid professional and unpaid volunteer facilitators. This study compared participant outcomes of each mode in the United States. Design Pre-/post-analysis of CHIP interventions delivered between 1999 and 2012. Setting Professional-delivered programs in Rockford Illinois 1999-2004 and volunteer-delivered programs across North America 2005-2012. Subjects Adults ≥21 years (professional programs N = 3158 34.3% men, mean age = 54.0 ± 11.4 years; volunteer programs N = 7115 33.4% men, mean age = 57.4 ± 13.0 years). Measures Body mass index, blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), blood lipid profile (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein), and fasting plasma glucose. Analysis Analysis of Covariance, with adjustment for age, gender, BMI change and baseline biometric and effect sizes. Results The professional-delivered programs achieved significantly greater reductions in BMI (.4%, P < .001) and HDL (1.9%, P < .001) and the volunteer-delivered programs achieved greater reductions in SBP (1.4%, P < .001), DBP (1.1%, P < .001), TC (1.4%, P = .004), LDL (2.3%, P < .001), TG (4.0%, P = .006), and FPG (2.7%, P < .001). However, the effect size differences between the groups were minimal (Cohen’s d .1-.2). Conclusions Lifestyle modification programs have been shown to effectively treat chronic disease. The Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) lifestyle intervention has been delivered by both paid professional and unpaid volunteer facilitators. This study compared selected chronic disease biometric outcomes of participants in each mode in the United States. It found volunteer-delivered programs do not appear to be any less effective than programs delivered by paid professionals, which is noteworthy as volunteers may provide important social capital in the combat of chronic disease.

Effect of Real-Time Online High-Intensity Interval Training on Physiological and Physical Parameters for Abdominally Obese Women: A Randomized Pilot Study

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of online high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in abdominally obese women experiencing health complications due to COVID-19. Methods: Sixteen participants were enrolled and divided into the HIIT group (n = 8) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT, n = 8) group. The HIIT group underwent 20 min of exercise consisting of 20 s of high-intensity (85–90% HRmax) exercise followed by 30 s of exercise at 60% HRmax using only body weight. The main exercise program for the MICT group included 40 min of stationary bike pedaling at 65–70% HRmax. Exercise was performed three days a week for eight weeks using a smart device and application that enables bidirectional communication. Results: The HIIT group showed reduced body fat (p = 0.036), BMI (p = 0.021), and visceral fat (p = 0.003) compared to the MICT group. Further, the HIIT group also had reduced insulin (p = 0.021) and LDL levels (p = 0.024), increased grip strength (left p = 0.012, right: p = 0.002), and a substantial drop in total stress index (p = 0.004) compared to the MICT group. Conclusions: Thus, online HIIT is a useful means to reduce abdominal fat, improve blood lipid profile and muscle strength, and relieve stress caused by COVID-19.

Performance and blood lipide profile of cockerel aged 0-7 weeks that were given sambiloto leaf water extract (Andrographis paniculata ness) through drinking water

This study aims to examine the effect of adding water extract of Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Ness) to drinking water on the performance and blood lipids profilem of cockerel aged 0-7 weeks. This study was conducted in the village of Cepaka, Kediri, Tabanan, Bali. Using A total of 200 birds of aged 1 day old chick laying hens males.. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and five replications so that there were 20 units, each replicate using 10 chickens. The treatments were: (A) Drinking water without the addition of extract sambiloto leaf water, (B) drinking water with the addition of sambiloto leaf water extract 2 ml/l , (C) drinking water with the addition of sambiloto leaf water extract 4 ml/l and (D) drinking water with the addition of sambiloto leaf water extract 6 ml/L The variables observed in this study were performance, carcass, blood lipid profile, digestive tract microbes and economic aspec. The results showed that the administration of sambiloto leaf water extract not significantly different (P>0.05) on ration consumption, drinking water consumption, final body weight, FCR, blood lipid profile, total coliform and E.coly and significantly different (P<0.05) on carcass percentage, carcass composition.

Efek hipoglikemik dan hipolipidemik dendeng daging itik curing dengan ekstrak kurkumin kunyit pada Tikus Wistar

<p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Objective: </strong>This research aimed to determine hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of cured duck meat jerky with curcumin using male Wistar rats as experimental animals.</p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>This research involved a completely randomized design in oneway pattern with 4 treatments on diabetic (TD) and hyperlipidemic (HD) rats : zero jerky (standard feed, PS), low jerky 0.96 g/head/day (DR), high jerky 1.91g/head/day (DT) and vitamin E 28.80 mg/head/day as control antioxidants (equivalent to 400 IU tocopherol). There were 24 rats divided into 4 treatments for hypoglycemic and hypolipidemia each. The treatment spanned 4 weeks, with hypoglycemic parameters (body weight and blood glucose) observed every week, and hypolipidemic (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, and LDL). Furthermore, an analysis of variance was conducted to determine body weight. When a significant difference was observed, it was continued with Duncan's New Multiples Range Test, while other parameters were analyzed descriptively.<strong></strong></p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>The hypoglycemic effect showed a significant difference in body weight where the PS treatment were relatively stable, while DT and vitamin E treatment experienced the highest weight loss. Blood glucose also decreased with the increasing addition of curcumin and vitamin E. Meanwhile, the hyperlipidemic showed a decrease in cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL, while HDL increased as the concentration of curcumin from jerky increased, the amount of which was equivalent to antioxidant control of vitamin E.<strong></strong></p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The diet of cured duck meat jerky as much as 1.91g/head/day (equivalent to 106.26 g/person/day or 400 IU tocopherol/vitamin E) can lower diabetic blood glucose and improve blood lipid profile.

Metabolic health, menopause, and physical activity—a 4-year follow-up study

Background In women, metabolic health deteriorates after menopause, and the role of physical activity (PA) in mitigating the change is not completely understood. This study investigates the changes in indicators of metabolic health around menopause and evaluates whether PA modulates these changes. Methods Longitudinal data of 298 women aged 48–55 years at baseline participating in the ERMA and EsmiRs studies was used. Mean follow-up time was 3.8 (SD 0.1) years. Studied indicators of metabolic health were total and android fat mass, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, blood glucose, triglycerides, serum total cholesterol, and high- (HDL-C) and low-density (LDL-C) lipoprotein cholesterol. PA was assessed by accelerometers and questionnaires. The participants were categorized into three menopausal groups: PRE-PRE (pre- or perimenopausal at both timepoints, n = 56), PRE-POST (pre- or perimenopausal at baseline, postmenopausal at follow-up, n = 149), and POST-POST (postmenopausal at both timepoints, n = 93). Analyses were carried out using linear and Poisson mixed-effect models. Results At baseline, PA associated directly with HDL-C and inversely with LDL-C and all body adiposity variables. An increase was observed in total (B = 1.72, 95% CI [0.16, 3.28]) and android fat mass (0.26, [0.06, 0.46]), SBP (9.37, [3.34, 15.39]), and in all blood-based biomarkers in the PRE-POST group during the follow-up. The increase tended to be smaller in the PRE-PRE and POST-POST groups compared to the PRE-POST group, except for SBP. The change in PA associated inversely with the change in SBP (−2.40, [−4.34, −0.46]) and directly with the change in WHR (0.72, [0.05, 1.38]). Conclusions In middle-aged women, menopause may accelerate the changes in multiple indicators of metabolic health. PA associates with healthier blood lipid profile and body composition in middle-aged women but does not seem to modulate the changes in most of the studied metabolic health indicators during the menopausal transition.

Egg consumption and blood lipid parameters according to the presence of chronic metabolic disorders: The EVIDENT II Study

Context Egg consumption is one of the main dietary sources of cholesterol, but whether individuals who eat more eggs have a worse blood lipid profile remains controversial. Objective We examined the relationship between egg consumption and lipid parameters and explored whether this relationship changes according to the presence of chronic metabolic disorders. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted with adult participants in the EVIDENT II trial. Adjusted linear regression models were stratified by the main chronic metabolic disorders. Results Among the 728 participants (61.9% women, mean age 52.1±11.9 years), the mean egg consumption was equivalent to 5-to-6 eggs per week for a 70 kg individual. In the fully-adjusted analysis, no association was found of egg consumption with total and HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. Furthermore, compared to the first quartile of consumption, the fourth quartile was associated with lower LDL-c levels (coefficient: -7.01; 95%CI: -13.39, -0.62) and a lower LDL-c/HDL-c ratio (coefficient: -0.24, 95%CI: -0.41, -0.06). In the analyses stratified by chronic metabolic diseases, higher egg consumption was not associated with lipid profile in those with obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, or treated with hypolipidemic drugs, and was associated with a better lipid profile in participants without these conditions. Conclusions Higher egg consumption was not associated with blood lipids in individuals with chronic metabolic disorders. In individuals without such conditions, the lipid profile was better among those who consumed more eggs. Our findings support current guidelines recommending eggs as part of a healthy diet.