Prevalence and Risk Factors for HIV Infection Among Heterosexual Men Recruited from Socializing Venues in Rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nonzwakazi P. Ntombela ◽  
Ayesha B. M. Kharsany ◽  
Adenike Soogun ◽  
Nonhlanhla Yende-Zuma ◽  
Hans-Peter Kohler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Kwazulu Natal

scholarly journals Evolving injury profiles amid advancing sport: Musculoskeletal injuries in ringball players

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Blessing Mkhwanazi ◽  
Julian David Pillay
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Current Season ◽  
Kwazulu Natal

Background: Ringball, a sport historically derived from conventional basketball and netball, demonstrates the evolution of traditional sport. The variations between these sports may predispose players to different risk factors and consequent injuries and their impact, yet they are usually considered comparably. Objective: To determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries and to profile injuries based on location, severity, and mechanisms of occurrence. A further objective was to compare the injuries sustained in ringball with that of basketball and netball. Methods: A questionnaire-based study, administered to 110 ringball players in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, was applied. Data were described and compared using frequencies/ percentages for categorical variables. Results: Seventy-six ringball players completed the questionnaire (69% response rate). The prevalence of at least one injury during/after the last or current season was 80% (n=61). The most commonly reported injury was to the foot/ankle (36%; n=33) followed by the knee (29%; n=27) and wrist (9%; n=8). The most common mechanisms of injury reported were landing (15%; n=9), jumping (9%; n=5), goal shooting (7%; n=4), defending (7%; n=4) and collision (7%; n=4). Discussion: Ringball shares similar injuries to that of basketball/netball, with foot/ankle injuries being the most prevalent. The prevalence of other injuries in ringball differed from basketball/netball, suggesting variations between these sports as a contributor to the injuries described. Conclusion: The evolution of sport and the modifications in rules/techniques may create a nuanced injury profile to those commonly identified. The combination of a sport’s uniqueness/modification and its similarities to other sports warrants the need for more tailored approaches to injury prevention and a platform for future research.

scholarly journals HIV Risks in Sexual Networks of Heterosexual Men in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Nonzwakazi P Ntombela ◽  
Tivani P Mashamba-Thompson ◽  
Andile N Mtshali ◽  
Desmond Kuupiel ◽  
Ayesha BM Kharsany
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
South African ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Sexual Networks ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Sexual Partnerships ◽  
Hiv Risks ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: The interaction of HIV risks in sexual networks remains unclear in South Africa. We provide an overview of the dynamics of HIV risks in South African men through a systematic scoping review. METHODS & ANALYSIS: Literature searches were conducted on seven online databases. Two reviewers independently screened articles against the inclusion criteria and performed a Kappa coefficient test to evaluate the degree of agreement on article selection. Thematic content analysis and a Mixed Method Appraisal Tool version 2018 were used to present the narrative account of the outcomes and to assess the risk of bias on included studies. RESULTS: Of the 1356 records identified, six studies reported on the dynamics of HIV infection in heterosexual men in sexual networks. All studies that were included were published between 2006 and 2016. The participants were aged 13 years and above and comprised of sero-discordant couples, HIV patients, and male and female in the general population. These studies were conducted in multiple diverse regions including South Africa, Senegal, Uganda, Malawi, Kenya, Tanzania, Botswana and Zambia. Evidence showed that age and sexual partnerships were most commonly identified attributes to either HIV infection and/or transmission risks in men. While other biological and behavioral data were reported, the results were not specific to men. DISCUSSION: The impact of age and sexual partnerships are poorly understood and the data available limit inferences to South African men. Limited empiric evidence of HIV risk among men impacts on the design, development and tailoring of HIV prevention interventions to alter the trajectory.

Risk factors and micro-geographical heterogeneity of Schistosoma haematobium in Ndumo area, uMkhanyakude district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Acta Tropica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawanda Manyangadze ◽  
Moses John Chimbari ◽  
Michael Gebreslasie ◽  
Samson Mukaratirwa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Geographical Heterogeneity ◽  
Kwazulu Natal

Transactional sex among women in Soweto, South Africa: prevalence, risk factors and association with HIV infection

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 1581-1592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin L. Dunkle ◽  
Rachel K. Jewkes ◽  
Heather C. Brown ◽  
Glenda E. Gray ◽  
James A. McIntryre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Transactional Sex

Continued very high prevalence of HIV infection in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a population-based longitudinal study

AIDS ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1467-1472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Welz ◽  
Victoria Hosegood ◽  
Shabbar Jaffar ◽  
J??rg B??tzing-Feigenbaum ◽  
Kobus Herbst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Very High

scholarly journals Income Status and Education as Predictors of HIV Transmission in South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maham Yousufzai
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
South African ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Income Status ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
African Context ◽  
Education Act

The global Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic targets various populations around the world, and South Africa is one of a number of countries where prevalence rates of the virus continue to increase despite the introduction of a viable treatment option. Previously investigated implications of HIV in South Africa are primarily related to its effects on the health-care sector of the country. However, complex socioeconomic processes are relevant to the discussion of HIV-related risk factors and consequences affecting individuals and households within South Africa. A large body of literature covers many socioeconomic perspectives on HIV, including the effect of socioeconomic status on HIV infection. While the roles of income status and education as risk factors for HIV infection have been explored extensively in a South African context, the connection between this and consequent adverse impacts on these factors as a result of HIV infection has not been clearly identified. This paper aims to address the gap in the literature regarding how specific socioeconomic factors act as risk factors for HIV contraction, but also how the same factors are affected as an associated outcome in those infected with HIV. Specifically, this paper argues that income status and education act as risk factors for HIV through their effects on individual behaviour, while also being adversely impacted due to the occurrence of infection. These impacts on income status and education contribute to South Africa’s inability to stop perpetuating the cycle of HIV prevalence.            

scholarly journals Analysis of trends in total deaths and AIDS-related deaths certified at Mosvold Hospital, Ingwavuma, KwaZulu-Natal, from 2003 to 2008

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C H Vaughan Williams
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age At Death ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Roll Out

Objectives. To analyse mortality trends from deaths registered at Mosvold Hospital, Ingwavuma, KwaZulu-Natal, and possible impact of programmes to treat and prevent HIV infection. Design. Longitudinal study of death certifications from 2003 to 2008. Setting. Mosvold Hospital mortuary, Ingwavuma. Subjects. Counterfoils of form 83/BI-1663, Notification/Register of Death/Stillbirths (Republic of South Africa, Department of Home Affairs), completed at Mosvold Hospital from January 2003 to December 2008. Outcome measures. Age at death, cause of death, patterns of deaths grouped by age, gender and cause of death. Results. AIDS-related deaths were the cause of 53% of deaths, particularly affecting the 20 - 59-year and under-5 age groups. Since 2005 there has been a decline in deaths in the 20 - 59 age group and an increase in average age at death. Conclusions. The decrease in mortality from 2005 may be associated with antiretroviral roll-out reducing mortality from AIDS-related illnesses.

scholarly journals The epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in trail runners in the eThekwini Municipality of KwaZulu-Natal

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Maxine-Lee Millar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Informed Consent Form ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trail Running

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the point and period prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries, the injury profile, associated risk factors and the impact of musculoskeletal injuries on trail runners who participated in selected trail races in the eThekwini municipality of KwaZulu-Natal. SUBJECTS: Participants from various trail running races volunteered to participate in the study after the completion of a trail race. METHODOLOGY: Participants were approached individually following the completion of a minimum of a 10 kilometre trail race. Each participant read a letter of information and signed an informed consent form before completing the questionnaire. A total of 197 completed informed consent and post-pilot questionnaires were collected and placed in separate sealed ballot boxes. A code was allocated to each questionnaire before data was captured on a spreadsheet for statistical analysis. RESULTS: In total, 145 questionnaires were statistically analysed. The results revealed that only ethnicity and how often the participant's trail ran per month were significant predictors of developing an injury. White participants were five times more likely to be injured compared to African participants and those who ran more than 10 times a month were 4.65 times more likely to be injured than those who ran less than five times a month. The most common past injuries sustained by trail runners was shown to be predominantly due to trauma, and were located in the knee, ankles and ITB regions. Current injuries were shown to be equally due to trauma and overuse, with predominant location being in the same anatomical regions as past injuries. CONCLUSION: The majority of the data collected was in line with the literature on running; however, most of those studies were done on road runners. The findings of this study were unique to trail runners in KwaZulu-Natal. Further studies are required on trail runners in other regions of South Africa to determine a clearer injury profile.

Reduction in prevalence of invasive cervical cancer in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: impact of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1036-1040
Author(s):  
M. Moodley
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Epidemiologic Data ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Sub Saharan

The bulk of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic continues to ravage the developing world, especially sub-Saharan countries. The HIV seroprevalence among women with invasive cervical cancer varies in different parts of the world. A comparison of women with cervical cancer was undertaken for epidemiologic data in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, which has the highest HIV prevalence. The two time periods of study were 1999 and 2003. The aim was to determine the trends of prevalence of invasive cervical cancer and HIV infection among such women. While the background prevalence of HIV infection among women with invasive cervical cancer in our setting has remained constant over the two time periods (21% and 21.8%), there has been a significant reduction in the number of women presenting with invasive cervical cancer to our center (672 to 271) over the two time periods, with no changes in other variables. On the contrary, the prevalence of HIV infection among antenatal attendees had risen from 32.5% to 38.5% in the 1999 and 2003 periods, respectively. Reasons for this dramatic trend are presented together with other epidemiologic data.

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