scholarly journals Identification of Youthful Neurocognitive Trajectories in Adults Aging with HIV: A Latent Growth Mixture Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rowan Saloner ◽  
Judith D. Lobo ◽  
Emily W. Paolillo ◽  
Laura M. Campbell ◽  
Scott L. Letendre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Growth Mixture Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cognitive Difficulties ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Biopsychosocial Health

AbstractDespite the neurocognitive risks of aging with HIV, initial cross-sectional data suggest a subpopulation of older people with HIV (PWH) possess youthful neurocognition (NC) characteristic of SuperAgers (SA). Here we characterize longitudinal NC trajectories of older PWH and their convergent validity with baseline SA status, per established SuperAging criteria in PWH, and baseline biopsychosocial factors. Growth mixture modeling (GMM) identified longitudinal NC classes in 184 older (age ≥ 50-years) PWH with 1–5 years of follow-up. Classes were defined using ‘peak-age’ global T-scores, which compare performance to a normative sample of 25-year-olds. 3-classes were identified: Class 1Stable Elite (n = 31 [16.8%], high baseline peak-age T-scores with flat trajectory); Class 2Quadratic Average (n = 100 [54.3%], intermediate baseline peak-age T-scores with u-shaped trajectory); Class 3Quadratic Low (n = 53 [28.8%], low baseline peak-age T-scores with u-shaped trajectory). Baseline predictors of Class 1Stable Elite included SA status, younger age, higher cognitive and physiologic reserve, and fewer subjective cognitive difficulties. This GMM analysis supports the construct validity of SuperAging in older PWH through identification of a subgroup with longitudinally-stable, youthful neurocognition and robust biopsychosocial health.

scholarly journals Profiles of competence development in mathematics and reading in early secondary education

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micha-Josia Freund ◽  
Timo Gnambs ◽  
Kathrin Lockl ◽  
Ilka Wolter
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Mixture Modeling ◽  
Competence Development ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Educational Careers

AbstractThis article examines the development of reading and mathematical competence in early secondary education and aims at identifying distinct profiles of competence development. Since reading and mathematical competences are highly correlated both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, we expected to find a generalized profile of competence development with students developing parallel in reading and mathematical competences. Moreover, previous research confirmed individuals’ specific focus on one of the two domains, for example, in their interest, self-concept, or motivation. Also, differences in competence levels between both domains were found in cross-sectional studies. Therefore, we hypothesized that additional to the generalized profile, there are specialized profiles of competence development with students developing distinctively faster in one of the two domains. To identify both types of profiles, latent growth mixture modeling was used on a sample of 5,301 students entering secondary education from the German National Educational Panel Study. To demonstrate the robustness of the results, these analyses were repeated using different model specifications and subgroups with higher homogeneity (with students belonging to the highest track, i.e., “Gymnasium”). The results indicate only small to non-existent specialized profiles of competence development in all conditions. This finding of roughly parallel development of reading and mathematical competences throughout early secondary education indicates that potential specializations are less important at this point in students’ educational careers.

scholarly journals Differential relationships of stress and HIV disclosure by gender: a person centered longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengbo Zeng ◽  
Shan Qiao ◽  
Xiaoming Li ◽  
Xueying Yang ◽  
Zhiyong Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Hiv Disclosure ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Target Number ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background Existing literature mostly consider HIV disclosure as a static event and investigate its relationship with stress using a cross-sectional design. It is unclear about the dynamic changes of HIV disclosure levels (defined as the number of disclosure targets) and how stress may influence these changes. This study explored different disclosure levels using a person-centered longitudinal approach, examined whether stress could predict these disclosure levels, and investigated if this relationship differed by gender among people living with HIV (PLWH). Methods Data were derived from a prospective cohort study conducted from November 2016 to January 2018 in Guangxi, China. Four hundred forty-four PLWH were included. Participants were assessed on perceived stress, sociodemographic characteristics, and number of HIV disclosure targets at baseline, 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups. Growth mixture modeling was used to characterize disclosure levels based on the changes of disclosure target number. Multinomial logistic regression was used to predict disclosure levels with baseline stress after adjusting for covariates. The interaction effect of stress by gender was examined. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with its 95% confidence interval were reported to show the strength of association.  Results Three levels of disclosure were characterized as “Low levels of disclosure” (Level One), “Increased levels of disclosure” (Level Two), and “High levels of disclosure” (Level Three). Accordingly, 355 (81.2%), 28 (6.4%), and 64 (12.4%) of PLWH were categorized respectively under low, increased, and high levels of disclosure. The interaction of baseline stress by gender was significant in differentiating Level One from Three (AOR = 0.85 [0.74 ~ 0.99]) while it was not significant between Level One and Two (AOR = 0.96 [0.81 ~ 1.15]). Compared to female, male PLWH with higher baseline stress had lower probability to have consistent high disclosure levels over time. PLWH who were married/cohabited had lower probability of being classified into consistent high levels of disclosure than low level (AOR = 0.43 [0.19 ~ 0.94]). Conclusions There was gender difference in the relationship between stress and levels of HIV disclosure. To promote HIV disclosure, gender tailored interventions should be employed to help PLWH cope with stress.

Methodological Approaches to Modeling Criminal Trajectories

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-100
Author(s):  
David M. Day ◽  
Margit Wiesner
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Heterogeneous Population ◽  
Growth Curve Modeling ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Curve Modeling ◽  
Trajectory Models

Criminal offenders compose a heterogeneous population. Criminal trajectory research aims to capture this heterogeneity in terms of the frequency or severity of offending. This chapter describes the concept a criminal trajectory and the statistical technique used to derive trajectories from longitudinal data. Both the semiparametric group-based trajectory modeling (SGBTM) and latent growth mixture modeling (GMM) approaches are described in nontechnical terms, and the differences between them are noted. Despite some similarities, these approaches are also distinguished from conventional growth curve modeling. Guidelines and factors to consider in building and testing trajectory models are discussed. Last, extensions of SGBTM and GMM are presented.

Psychopathology and resilience following traumatic injury: A latent growth mixture model analysis.

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terri A. deRoon-Cassini ◽  
Anthony D. Mancini ◽  
Mark D. Rusch ◽  
George A. Bonanno
Keyword(s):  
Mixture Model ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Growth Mixture Model ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Latent Growth Mixture Model

Identifying trajectories of adolescent smoking: An application of latent growth mixture modeling.

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig R. Colder ◽  
Paras Mehta ◽  
Kevin Balanda ◽  
Richard T. Campbell ◽  
Kathryn Mayhew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Mixture Modeling ◽  
Adolescent Smoking ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Latent Growth Mixture Modeling

scholarly journals Heterogeneity in Trajectories of Depression in Response to Divorce Is Associated With Differential Risk for Mortality

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 843-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Malgaroli ◽  
Isaac R. Galatzer-Levy ◽  
George A. Bonanno
Keyword(s):  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Married Individuals ◽  
Distal Outcome ◽  
Differential Risk

Divorce is a common stressful event associated with both increased rates of depression and mortality. Given evidence of significant individual differences in depression following major life stressors, we examined if heterogeneous depression responses confer differential risk for mortality. Data from a population-based longitudinal study was utilized to identify individuals who experienced divorce ( n = 559). Prospective trajectories of depression severity from before to after divorce were identified using latent growth mixture modeling, and rates of mortality between trajectories were compared as a distal outcome. Four trajectories demonstrated strongest model fit: resilience (67%), emergent depression (10%), chronic pre- to postdivorce depression (12%), and decreasing depression (11%). Mortality base rate was 9.7% by 6 years postevent, and depression that emerged due to divorce was associated with significantly greater mortality risk compared to resilient (odds ratio [OR] = 2.46; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.05, 5.81]) and to married individuals, whereas chronic depression was not associated with greater risk.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document