Optimal investment strategies for light duty vehicle and electricity generation sectors in a carbon constrained world

Gasoline is the main source of energy used for surface transportation in the United States. Reducing fuel consumption in light-duty vehicles can significantly reduce the transportation sector’s impact on the environment. Implementation of emerging automated technologies in vehicles could result in fuel savings. This study examines the effect of automated vehicle systems on fuel consumption using stochastic modeling. Automated vehicle systems examined in this study include warning systems such as blind spot warning, control systems such as lane keeping assistance, and information systems such as dynamic route guidance. We have estimated fuel savings associated with reduction of accident and non-accident-related congestion, aerodynamic force reduction, operation load, and traffic rebound. Results of this study show that automated technologies could reduce light-duty vehicle fuel consumption in the U.S. by 6% to 23%. This reduction could save $60 to $266 annually for the owners of vehicles equipped with automated technologies. Also, adoption of automated vehicles could benefit all road users (i.e., conventional vehicle drivers) up to $35 per vehicle annually (up to $6.2 billion per year).

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Impact of freeway weaving segment design on light-duty vehicle exhaust emissions

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association ◽

10.1080/10962247.2017.1344744 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 564-575 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qing Li ◽

Fengxiang Qiao ◽

Lei Yu ◽

Shuyan Chen ◽

Tiezhu Li

Keyword(s):

Exhaust Emissions ◽

Vehicle Exhaust ◽

Light Duty ◽

Light Duty Vehicle

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Environmental and Safety Performance of Commercially-available Light-duty Vehicle Tires in North America

10.4271/2018-01-1336 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Hamza Shafique ◽

Brad Richard ◽

Martha Christenson ◽

Sandra Bayne

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Safety Performance ◽

Light Duty ◽

Light Duty Vehicle

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Light Duty Vehicle Transportation and Global Climate Policy: The Importance of Electric Drive Vehicles

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.2027826 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Valentina Bosetti ◽

Thomas Longden

Keyword(s):

Climate Policy ◽

Electric Drive ◽

Global Climate ◽

Light Duty ◽

Light Duty Vehicle

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Assessing the light duty vehicle contribution to non-C02 climate forcing

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1307/6/28/282030 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (28) ◽

pp. 282030

Author(s):

Timothy J Wallington ◽

J Nielsen

Keyword(s):

Climate Forcing ◽

Light Duty ◽

Light Duty Vehicle

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High Emitter Light Duty Vehicle Contributions to On-road Mobile Emissions in 2018 and 2030

Studies in Engineering and Technology ◽

10.11114/set.v2i1.838 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 47 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Susan Collet ◽

Toru Kidokoro ◽

Yukio Kinugasa ◽

Prakash Karamchandani ◽

Allison DenBleyker

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Environmental Protection Agency ◽

Protection Agency ◽

Vehicle Miles Traveled ◽

Improvement Strategy ◽

Quality Improvement Strategy ◽

Light Duty ◽

Air Quality Improvement ◽

Light Duty Vehicle ◽

Tier 3

Quantifying the proportion of normal- and high-emitting vehicles and their emissions is vital for creating an air quality improvement strategy for emission reduction policies. This paper includes the California LEV III and United States Environmental Protection Agency Tier 3 vehicle regulations in this projection of high emitter quantification for 2018 and 2030. Results show high emitting vehicles account for up to 6% of vehicle population and vehicle miles traveled. Yet, they will contribute to over 75% of exhaust and 66% of evaporative emissions. As these high emitting vehicles are gradually retired from service and are removed from the roads, the overall effect on air quality from vehicle emissions will be reduced.

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Optimal Fisheries Investment under Uncertainty

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f83-241 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 40 (12) ◽

pp. 2080-2091 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Anthony T. Charles

Keyword(s):

Optimal Investment ◽

Fish Stock ◽

Investment Strategies ◽

Economic Optimization ◽

Stock Management ◽

Investment Under Uncertainty ◽

Capital Costs ◽

Wide Range ◽

Full Analysis ◽

Fishing Fleets

A full analysis of optimal fisheries investment strategies must take into account high levels of uncertainty in future fishery returns, as well as irreversibility of investment in specialized, nonmalleable fishing fleets. A stochastic optimization model is analyzed using dynamic programming to determine optimal policy functions for both fleet investment and fish stock management within an uncertain environment. The resulting policies are qualitatively similar to those found in the corresponding deterministic case, but quantitative differences can be substantial. Simulation results show that optimal fleet capacity should be expected to fluctuate over a fairly wide range, induced by stochastic variations in the biomass. However, the performance of a linear-cost risk-neutral fishery is fairly insensitive to variations in investment and escapement policies around their optimum levels, so that economic optimization is "forgiving" within this context. A framework of balancing upside and downside investment risks is used here to explain the roles of several fishery parameters in relation to optimal investment under uncertainty. In particular, the intrinsic growth rate of the resource and the ratio of unit capital costs to unit operating costs are found to be key parameters in determining whether investment should be higher or lower under uncertainty.

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