Carbon content of soil fractions varies with season, rainfall, and soil fertility across a lowland tropical moist forest gradient

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee H. Dietterich ◽  
Jason Karpman ◽  
Avishesh Neupane ◽  
Mark Ciochina ◽  
Daniela F. Cusack
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Fractions ◽  
Moist Forest

scholarly journals SOIL PROPERTIES OF THE ALLUVIAL PLAIN AND ITS POTENTIAL USE FOR AGRICULTURE IN DONGGALA REGION, CENTRAL SULAWESI

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
M. Al-Jabri
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Alluvial Plain ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Moisture Regime ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Very High ◽  
Soil Groups

Agricultural lands of Donggala region are extensively distributed in alluvial plain. However, information on soil properties and fertility constraints has not been known in detail. An investigation of soil resources was conducted in September 2003 and December 2004 to characterize surface soil properties of alluvial plain and to evaluate soil fertility constraints. For this study, 55 representative soil profiles consisting of 187 soil samples were selected for physical, chemical, and mineralogical analyses. The soil profiles were classified as soil groups of Ustifluvents, Haplustepts, Eutrudepts, and Endoaquepts. All the soil physical and chemical data were calculated as weighted average based on top 30 cm soil layer analyses. The results showed that soil texture ranged from sandy loam to loam. In ustic moisture regime, the average pH was neutral (7.0-7.2), but in udic moisture regime it was slightly acid (5.5-6.2). In all soil groups, the organic carbon content was very low to low (0.58-1.44%), P retention was very low (3-18%), and soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) was very low to low (9-14 cmol(+) kg-1). In contrast, all the soil groups showed very high content of potential phosphate (81- 118 mg P2O5 100 g-1) and potassium (338-475 mg K2O 100 g-1), but the available phosphate and potassium were 16-47 mg kg-1 P and 0.18-0.35 cmol(+) kg-1, respectively, which were considered to be low to medium range. The very high P2O5 and K2O were probably derived from weathered mica-schist and granite rocks, but low exchangeable K was probably due to K fixation. The sand mineral fraction was composed of relatively high (> 20%) weatherable minerals of acid parent materials, such as orthoclase and sanidine, while the clay mineral was composed of smectite and illite. The low soil-CEC, low organic matter, and exchangeable K contents were the main soil fertility constraints. Therefore, soil management should be directed to organic matter application to increase soil carbon content, CEC, and nutrient availability. Fertilizer recommendation for wetland rice and several upland crops is suggested based on the soil properties.

Organic matter decomposition and carbon content in soil fractions as affected by a gradient of labile carbon input to a temperate forest soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Jílková ◽  
Kateřina Jandová ◽  
Tomáš Cajthaml ◽  
Miloslav Devetter ◽  
Jaroslav Kukla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Organic Matter Decomposition ◽  
Labile Carbon ◽  
Soil Fractions

Soil fertility and fine root dynamics in response to 4 years of nutrient (N, P, K) fertilization in a lowland tropical moist forest, Panama

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEPH B. YAVITT ◽  
KYLE E. HARMS ◽  
MILTON N. GARCIA ◽  
MATT J. MIRABELLO ◽  
S. JOSEPH WRIGHT
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Root Dynamics ◽  
Fine Root Dynamics ◽  
Moist Forest ◽  
K Fertilization

scholarly journals Comparison of analytical methods in testing soil fertility

1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Raina Niskanen ◽  
Antti Jaakkola
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Bray 1

Analytical methods for testing soil fertility were compared in a material of 430 topsoil samples. The samples were analyzed for particle-size distribution, organic carbon content, pH(CaCl2), exchangeable Ca and Mg extracted with 1 M ammonium acetate (pH 7) and 1 M KCI, exchangeable K extracted with 1 M ammonium acetate (pH 7) and P extracted by the Bray 1 method. These soil properties were compared with the soil textural class and humus content class estimated visually, pH (H2O) and Ca, Mg, K and P extracted with acid ammonium acetate. The estimation of soil textural class was quite successful, but the content of organic matter was frequently underestimated. pH (H2O) and pH(CaCl2) were highly correlated and 95 % of the variation in pH (H2O) was explained by pH(CaCl2). Exchangeable Ca together with pH(CaCl2) explained about 90 % of the variation in Ca extracted with acid ammonium acetate. Exchangeable Mg explained about 70 % of the variation in Mg extracted with acid ammonium acetate. Exchangeable K explained 90 % of the variation in K extracted with acid ammonium acetate. The Bray 1 P and pH(CaCl2) explained 60 % of the variation in P extracted with acid ammonium acetate. pH(CaCl2), clay and organic carbon content explained 72—83 % of the variation in Ca. Mg, K and P were not highly dependent on pH, particle-size distribution and organic carbon content of soil.

scholarly journals GIS-based Fertility Assessment and Mapping for Agricultural Research Station, Tandur, Telangana, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 289-296
Author(s):  
Kasthuri Rajamani ◽  
C. Sudhakar ◽  
N. Hari ◽  
M. Venkata Ramana
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Agricultural Research Station ◽  
Soil Fertility Status

This study was conducted to determine the soil fertility status of the Agricultural Research Station, Tandur of Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Vikarabad District, Telangana. To identify the soil sampling points, GPS device was used and collected total of 60 soil samples on grid-based method at a depth of 0–15 cm. The collected samples were analyzed for pH, EC, OC, N, P2O5, K2O, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn status by following standard methods in the laboratory of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Palem, PJTSAU, Nagarkurnool District of Telangana, and Arc-GIS software was used further to prepare soil fertility maps. Around 37.5% of samples fall in neutral pH, whereas 62.5% samples were found as moderately alkaline reactions and entire farm soils were non-saline. Among the analyzed soil samples, 37.29% samples were in low organic carbon content, and rest of the samples i.e.,62.71% have medium organic carbon content and total samples were low in available N content (< 280 kg ha-1). The analyzed farm samples were medium to high in available phosphorus and potassium (28.67 & 71.33 % of P2O5 and 16.96 & 83.04 % of K2O respectively) content. In contrast, the micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Fe & Mn) exceeded their sufficiency level and suggested for amelioration measures to enhance research efficacy in the farm and to build future research strategies based on the determined soil fertility status.

scholarly journals SOIL PROPERTIES OF THE ALLUVIAL PLAIN AND ITS POTENTIAL USE FOR AGRICULTURE IN DONGGALA REGION, CENTRAL SULAWESI

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
M. Al-Jabri
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Alluvial Plain ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Moisture Regime ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Very High ◽  
Soil Groups

Agricultural lands of Donggala region are extensively distributed in alluvial plain. However, information on soil properties and fertility constraints has not been known in detail. An investigation of soil resources was conducted in September 2003 and December 2004 to characterize surface soil properties of alluvial plain and to evaluate soil fertility constraints. For this study, 55 representative soil profiles consisting of 187 soil samples were selected for physical, chemical, and mineralogical analyses. The soil profiles were classified as soil groups of Ustifluvents, Haplustepts, Eutrudepts, and Endoaquepts. All the soil physical and chemical data were calculated as weighted average based on top 30 cm soil layer analyses. The results showed that soil texture ranged from sandy loam to loam. In ustic moisture regime, the average pH was neutral (7.0-7.2), but in udic moisture regime it was slightly acid (5.5-6.2). In all soil groups, the organic carbon content was very low to low (0.58-1.44%), P retention was very low (3-18%), and soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) was very low to low (9-14 cmol(+) kg-1). In contrast, all the soil groups showed very high content of potential phosphate (81- 118 mg P2O5 100 g-1) and potassium (338-475 mg K2O 100 g-1), but the available phosphate and potassium were 16-47 mg kg-1 P and 0.18-0.35 cmol(+) kg-1, respectively, which were considered to be low to medium range. The very high P2O5 and K2O were probably derived from weathered mica-schist and granite rocks, but low exchangeable K was probably due to K fixation. The sand mineral fraction was composed of relatively high (&gt; 20%) weatherable minerals of acid parent materials, such as orthoclase and sanidine, while the clay mineral was composed of smectite and illite. The low soil-CEC, low organic matter, and exchangeable K contents were the main soil fertility constraints. Therefore, soil management should be directed to organic matter application to increase soil carbon content, CEC, and nutrient availability. Fertilizer recommendation for wetland rice and several upland crops is suggested based on the soil properties.

scholarly journals Prediction of Orchard Soils Degradation using Munsell Soil Color

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 338-343
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Color ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Orchard Soils

The soil organic carbon content played an important role in reducing soil fertility, then fruit yield and quality. Several studies in Mekong Delta, Vietnam area showed that soil of orchards was degraded after longtime constructed. The prediction of soil organic carbon in the fields at wider regions requires a large number of samples that are costly to analyze. The objective of this study found out the correlation between Munsell soil colour with the content of organic matter of the different orchard soils to predict the content of organic carbon from 52 orchard soil samples of the different ages of construction as soil degraded. A case study in Hau Giang province, Vietnam. The results showed that there was a complicated relation to soil properties. Soil colour has the same Munsell Hue, but there is different between Munsell Value and Chroma when the soil has at the same humidity. Organic Carbon content ranged from 1,32 to 5,6%. There was negative significant correlation between organic C content and Munsell soil color properties, such as with Munsell Value (r = -0,75** air-dry, r = -0,74** moist); Munsell Chroma (r= -0,55** air-dry, r = -0,66** moist). Since, Visual soil colour assessment is useful predictors of organic C content, especially for topsoil layers to predict the degradation of orchard soils. This study indicates that soil organic content can be predicted by using Munsell soil colours for visual field measurements on the old raised bed at the moist condition, which can be used for field soil fertility degradation recommendation. However, more study of pedotransfer function on other soils condition must be correlated for further recommendation.

Bleaching ability of pre-hydrolyzed pulps in the context of a biorefinery mill

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTINE CHIRAT ◽  
LUCIE BOIRON ◽  
DOMINIQUE LACHENAL
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Kraft Lignin ◽  
Kappa Number ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Kraft Pulps ◽  
Quaternary Carbon ◽  
Oxygen Delignification

Autohydrolysis and acid hydrolysis treatments were applied on mixed softwood chips. The cooking ability was studied by varying the alkali and duration of the cook. Pulps with kappa numbers varying from 30 to 70 were obtained. The bleaching ability of these pulps was studied and compared to control kraft pulps. The prehydrolyzed pulps were shown to be more efficiently delignified by oxygen than the control kraft pulps starting from the same kappa number. Furthermore, the final bleaching was also easier for these pulps. It was also shown that extensive oxygen delignification applied on high-kappa pre-hydrolyzed pulps could be a way to improve the overall yield, which is a prerequisite for the development of such biorefinery concepts. Lignin was isolated from the control kraft and the two pre-hydrolyzed kraft pulps and analyzed by 13C NMR. Lignins from pre-hydrolyzed kraft pulps had similar free phenolic groups content to the control kraft lignin, but their aliphatic hydroxyl groups and β-O-4 content were lower than for the control lignin. The quaternary carbon content was the same for all the samples.

K-MEANS CLUSTERING ALGORITHM BASED CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL FERTILITY IN NORTH WEST NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 780-787
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Hassan Hayatu ◽  
Abdullahi Mohammed ◽  
Barroon Ahmad Isma’eel ◽  
Sahabi Yusuf Ali
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
North West ◽  
R Programming ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Northwest Region ◽  
The Relationship

Soil fertility determines a plant's development process that guarantees food sufficiency and the security of lives and properties through bumper harvests. The fertility of soil varies according to regions, thereby determining the type of crops to be planted. However, there is no repository or any source of information about the fertility of the soil in any region in Nigeria especially the Northwest of the country. The only available information is soil samples with their attributes which gives little or no information to the average farmer. This has affected crop yield in all the regions, more particularly the Northwest region, thus resulting in lower food production.  Therefore, this study is aimed at classifying soil data based on their fertility in the Northwest region of Nigeria using R programming. Data were obtained from the department of soil science from Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The data contain 400 soil samples containing 13 attributes. The relationship between soil attributes was observed based on the data. K-means clustering algorithm was employed in analyzing soil fertility clusters. Four clusters were identified with cluster 1 having the highest fertility, followed by 2 and the fertility decreases with an increasing number of clusters. The identification of the most fertile clusters will guide farmers on where best to concentrate on when planting their crops in order to improve productivity and crop yield.

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