scholarly journals Risk of Suicide and Self-harm in Kids: The Development of an Algorithm to Identify High-Risk Individuals Within the Children’s Mental Health System

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 913-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon L. Stewart ◽  
Angela Celebre ◽  
John P. Hirdes ◽  
Jeffrey W. Poss
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Self Harm

Abstract Suicide is the second leading cause of death in adolescents within Canada. While several risk factors have been found to be associated with increased risk, appropriate decision-support tools are needed to identify children who are at highest risk for suicide and self-harm. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a methodology for identifying children at heightened risk for self-harm and suicide. Ontario data based on the interRAI Child and Youth Mental Health Screener (ChYMH-S) were analyzed to develop a decision-support algorithm to identify young persons at risk for suicide or self-harm. The algorithm was validated with additional data from 59 agencies and found to be a strong predictor of suicidal ideation and self-harm. The RiSsK algorithm provides a psychometrically sound decision-support tool that may be used to identify children and youth who exhibit signs and symptoms noted to increase the likelihood of suicide and self-harm.

scholarly journals Risk of Injury to Others: The Development of an Algorithm to Identify Children and Youth at High-Risk of Aggressive Behaviours

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon L. Stewart ◽  
Angela Celebre ◽  
John P. Hirdes ◽  
Jeffrey W. Poss
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Youth Violence ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Aggressive Behaviours

Youth violence is considered one of the most preventable causes of morbidity and premature mortality. Various risk factors have previously been identified, however, there is presently a crucial need to develop effective decision-support tools in order to identify children and youth at increased risk for violence. The current study utilised data collected from the interRAI Child and Youth Mental Health Screener (ChYMH-S), within the province of Ontario, to develop and validate a methodology for the purpose of identifying young persons who were at greater risk of harm to others. Additional data from 59 mental health agencies validated the algorithm, and it was found to be a strong predictor of harmful behaviour toward others. The RIO algorithm provides a valuable decision-support tool with strong psychometric properties that may be used to identify young persons who exhibit signs or symptoms associated with increased likelihood of harm toward others, in order to provide early intervention efforts for these vulnerable youth, thereby reducing the likelihood of future aggressive behaviours.

Spreadsheets as Knowledge Documents

2011 ◽  
pp. 521-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Burgess ◽  
Don Schauder
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Applied Model ◽  
Support Tools

How should a small business decide whether and in what ways to use Web technology for interactions with customers? This case describes the creation of a practical decision support tool (using a spreadsheet) for the initiation and development of small business Web sites. Decisions arise from both explicit and tacit knowledge. Using selected literature from a structuration theory, information management and knowledge management, decision support tools are characterized as knowledge documents (communication agents for explicit knowledge). Understanding decision support tools as knowledge documents sheds light on their potentialities and limitations for knowledge transfer, and assists in maximizing their potentialities. The case study deploys three levels of modeling: a high-level structuration model of the interplay between information management and knowledge management, a conceptual model of small-business decision-making, and an applied model the practical decision support tool, itself. An action-research methodology involving experts and stakeholders validated the development of conceptual categories and their instantiation in the practical tool.

scholarly journals Model-Based Decision Support Tools at Jugos S.A. Concentrated Fruit Juice Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-268
Author(s):  
Aníbal M. Blanco ◽  
M. Susana Moreno ◽  
Carolina Taraborelli ◽  
Flavio D’Angelo ◽  
Facundo Iturmendi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Optimal Target ◽  
And Storage

We describe the development of a decision-support tool to assist in the operations of a large concentrated apple and pear juice plant. The tool’s objective is to generate detailed schedules of clarified juice batches to be produced in the following weeks considering incoming fruit forecasts, commercial commitments, and infrastructural constraints. The tool is based on two interactive modules, PLANNER and SIMOPT, with different and complementary purposes. Each module is based on mixed-integer models with specific inputs, outputs, and user interfaces. PLANNER consists of three submodules: (i) planning assigns a batch of concentrated juice to be produced on a specific day, taking into account cleaning activities, rest days, raw material availability, and production and storage constraints; (ii) preprocessing organizes juice orders in batches; and (iii) pooling provides a detailed monitoring of semielaborated juice in storage pools in terms of inventories and sugar and acid content. Finally, SIMOPT provides a detailed optimal operative condition of the plant together with a thorough calculation of specific costs. This information is used by PLANNER to evaluate the corresponding economic objective functions. Besides providing optimal target conditions to the plant and feasible production schedules, the developed tools generate production guidelines in the long term and allow performing scenario studies.

A decision support tool to inform local suicide prevention activity in Greater Western Sydney (Australia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 983-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Page ◽  
Jo-An Atkinson ◽  
William Campos ◽  
Mark Heffernan ◽  
Shahana Ferdousi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Health Network ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Prevention Activities ◽  
Sydney Australia

Objectives: This study describes the development of a decision support tool to identify the combination of suicide prevention activities and service priorities likely to deliver the greatest reductions in suicidal behaviour in Western Sydney (Australia) over the period 2018–2028. Methods: A dynamic simulation model for the WentWest – Western Sydney Primary Health Network population-catchment was developed in partnership with primary health network stakeholders based on defined pathways to mental health care and suicidal behaviour, and which represented the current incidence of suicide and attempted suicide in Western Sydney. A series of scenarios relating to potential suicide prevention activities and service priorities identified by primary health network stakeholders were investigated to identify the combination of interventions associated with the largest reductions in the forecast number of attempted suicide and suicide cases for a 10-year follow-up period. Results: The largest number of cases averted for both suicide and attempted suicide was associated with (1) post-suicide attempt assertive aftercare (6.1% for both attempted suicide and suicide), (2) improved community support and reductions in psychological distress in the community (5.1% for attempted suicide and 14.8% for suicide), and (3) reductions in the proportion of those lost to services following a mental health service contact (10.5% for both attempted suicide and suicide). In combination, these interventions were forecast to avert approximately 29.7% of attempted suicides and 37.1% of suicides in the primary health network catchment over the 10-year period. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the utility of dynamic simulation models, co-designed with multi-disciplinary stakeholder groups, to capture and analyse complex mental health and suicide prevention regional planning problems. The model can be used by WentWest – Western Sydney Primary Health Network as a decision support tool to guide the commissioning of future service activity, and more efficiently frame the monitoring and evaluation of interventions as they are implemented in Western Sydney.

Decision Support Tools in the Evaluation of Risk for Violence

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. E. Blanchard ◽  
Catherine S. Shaffer ◽  
Kevin S. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Professional Judgment ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Risk Assessment Instrument ◽  
Support Tools

Professionals often utilize some form of structured approach (i.e., decision support tool or risk assessment instrument) when evaluating the risk of future violence and associated management needs. This chapter presents an overview of decision support tools that are used to assist professionals when conducting a violence risk assessment and that have received considerable empirical evaluation and professional uptake. The relative strengths and weaknesses of the two main approaches to evaluations of risk (actuarial and structured professional judgment) are discussed, including a review of empirical findings regarding their predictive validity. Following a summary of commonalities among the tools, this chapter provides a brief description of 10 decision support tools focusing on their applicability and purpose, content and characteristics, and available empirical research. Finally, the chapter concludes with a discussion of several critical considerations regarding the appropriate use and selection of tools.

scholarly journals Toward a User-Centered Design of a Weather Forecasting Decision-Support Tool

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Argyle ◽  
Jonathan J. Gourley ◽  
Zachary L. Flamig ◽  
Tracy Hansen ◽  
Kevin Manross
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
The United States ◽  
Usability Evaluation ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Support Tools

ABSTRACT Hazard Services is a software toolkit that integrates information management, hazard alerting, and communication functions into a single user interface. When complete, National Weather Service forecasters across the United States will use Hazard Services for operational issuance of weather and hydrologic alerts, making the system an instrumental part of the threat management process. As a new decision-support tool, incorporating an understanding of user requirements and behavior is an important part of building a system that is usable, allowing users to perform work-related tasks efficiently and effectively. This paper discusses the Hazard Services system and findings from a usability evaluation with a sample of end users. Usability evaluations are frequently used to support software and website development and can provide feedback on a system’s efficiency of use, effectiveness, and learnability. In the present study, a user-testing evaluation assessed task performance in terms of error rates, error types, response time, and subjective feedback from a questionnaire. A series of design recommendations was developed based on the evaluation’s findings. The recommendations not only further the design of Hazard Services, but they may also inform the designs of other decision-support tools used in weather and hydrologic forecasting. Incorporating usability evaluation into the iterative design of decision-support tools, such as Hazard Services, can improve system efficiency, effectiveness, and user experience.

scholarly journals Worker-Recovered Companies in Brazil: self-management process assessment by applying multi-criteria decision support tools

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Fernanda Santos Araujo ◽  
Vicente Nepomuceno Oliveira ◽  
Denise Alvarez ◽  
Helder Costa
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Process Assessment ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Means Of Production

Company recovery is a practice developed by workers who, in the imminence of becoming unemployed, negotiate or fight for access to the means of production of bankrupting companies, and start to manage them collectively, guided by the principles of self-management.  Nevertheless, how to assess self-management in worker-recovered companies (WRCs)? The criteria selected by a bibliographic review on the concept of self-management were used in dealing with the data collected by the Brazilian WRCs national mapping. A multi-criteria decision support tool was used to build a model for analyzing and classifying the companies in three categories related to their form of management. The multi-criteria approach allowed to create an assessment of self-management practices in the WRCs studied.

A Model-Based Mission Planning and Decision Support Tool

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon M. Jessop ◽  
Thomas C. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Maintenance Optimization ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Modeling Tool ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Mission Profile

Impact Technologies developed a model-based decision support Framework that facilitates the use and development of decision support tools in a CBM environment. The Framework leverages existing CBM and PHM data to provide enhanced automated strategic analysis. Its modular structure promotes reusability of components to expedite development of new decision capabilities, making it extensible to many different operational environments. The Framework also embraces open architecture and standardized data interfaces for increased supportability and upgradeability. An advanced probability-based mission readiness forecasting and assessment tool developed by Impact Technologies for the U.S. Navy was used to illustrate how the proposed Framework facilitates the assembly of independent decision support tools to provide a high fidelity knowledge product. In this application the Framework combined three separate functional areas — a mission profile modeling tool, a system relational model, and a maintenance optimization module. The mission profile modeling tool provided the ability to create functional representations of multi-layered complex systems for any mode of operation, accounting for different machinery line-ups, redundancy, system-to-system interactions, and component and sub-system criticalities. The system relational model provided the overall system probability of failure calculated based on the current and projected system configuration and usage. The maintenance optimization module determined the safest and most cost-effective time to perform required and opportunistic maintenance. The resulting software product enables the comparison of multiple what-if scenarios where the scheduling of maintenance and logistics support activities can be optimized based on resource availability and the propagation effects of those actions can be measured in terms of readiness at any level within the system hierarchy. A visual assessment of the ship’s probability of completing the prescribed mission of any combination of ship operations (e.g., anti-surface warfare, non-combat operations, or mine warfare) can be generated so corrective actions in the form of maintenance or changes to mission operations can be evaluated. The tool incorporates several novel approaches including fusion of multiple independent low-level indicators to predict overall system readiness, methodologies to account for the interactive effects of interconnected subsystems, and a risk-based optimization to select and schedule the optimal maintenance schedule. This paper summarizes the features of the model-based decision support tool Framework and the mission readiness software application developed using this architecture.

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