scholarly journals Can a prison be self-managed? A study of the informal organisation of a bolivian prison

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Iudici
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Social Rehabilitation ◽  
Prison Systems ◽  
Interpersonal Level

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the unique prisons of Bolivia. Their main features include the presence of wives and children, self-management of activities within the prison and the opportunity for inmates to take part in various activities. In particular, the general organisation of the prisons and the inmates’ experience, especially on an interpersonal level, is described in this study. The obtained data shows that functional and effective experiences of social rehabilitation can be promoted even under extreme conditions and, in some cases, this provides important insights into the prison systems of most developed countries.

scholarly journals Key stakeholder experiences of an integrated healthcare pilot in Australia: a thematic analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Trankle ◽  
Tim Usherwood ◽  
Penelope Abbott ◽  
Mary Roberts ◽  
Michael Crampton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Allied Health Professionals

Abstract Background In Australia and other developed countries, chronic illness prevalence is increasing, as are costs of healthcare, particularly hospital-based care. Integrating healthcare and supporting illness management in the community can be a means of preventing illness, improving outcomes and reducing unnecessary hospitalisation. Western Sydney has high rates of diabetes, heart and respiratory diseases and the NSW State Ministry of Health funded a range of key strategies through the Western Sydney Integrated Care Program (WSICP) to integrate care across hospital and community settings for patients with these illnesses. Complementing our previously reported analysis related to specific WSICP strategies, this research provided information concerning overall experiences and perspectives of WSICP implementation and integrated care generally. Methods We administered 125 in-depth interviews in two rounds over 12 months with 83 participants including patients and their carers, care facilitators, hospital specialists and nurses, allied health professionals, general practitioners and primary care nurses, and program managers. Half of the participants (n = 42) were interviewed twice. We conducted an inductive, thematic analysis on the interview transcripts. Results Key themes related to the set-up and operationalising of WSICP; challenges encountered; and the added value of the program. Implementing WSICP was a large and time consuming undertaking but challenges including those with staffing and information technology were being addressed. The WSICP was considered valuable in reducing hospital admissions due to improved patient self-management and a focus on prevention, greater communication and collaboration between healthcare providers across health sectors and an increased capacity to manage chronic illness in the primary care setting. Conclusions Patients, carers and health providers experienced the WSICP as an innovative integrated care model and valued its patient-centred approach which was perceived to improve access to care, increase patient self-management and illness prevention, and reduce hospital admissions. Long-term sustainability of the WSICP will depend on retaining key staff, more effectively sharing information including across health sectors to support enhanced collaboration, and expanding the suite of activities into other illness areas and locations. Enhanced support for general practices to manage chronic illness in the community, in collaboration with hospital specialists is critical. Timely evaluation informs ongoing program implementation.

Characteristics of software used in self-management of vitamin K antagonist therapy: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 358-365
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Naderi Haji ◽  
Hamid Moghaddasi ◽  
Babak Sharif-Kashani ◽  
Alireza Kazemi ◽  
Forugh Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Normalized Ratio ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
Based Instruction ◽  
English Articles

Introduction and goal: Currently, 1–2% of the population in developed countries are under treatment with oral anticoagulants. An appropriate strategy to deal with this increase in demand of treatment with oral anticoagulants and to manage the costs is the transfer of part or all of the responsibility for managing treatment to the patients. The use of information technology, particularly electronic health software, can be an appropriate method to improve the quality of self-management of treatment with these drugs. Therefore, this systematic review investigated studies that discuss the characteristics of electronic health software in self-management of oral anticoagulation therapy. Method: A systematic review based on PRISMA protocol was conducted. In this study, articles were investigated that were in English. Articles existing in Cochrane, EMBASE and PubMed databases were searched up to 14 May 2017. Then, articles searched through Google Scholar were added to this study. Findings: The common characteristics used in most software included ‘encryption in exchanging information’, having an ‘instruction module’ and ‘being Android-based’. In terms of functionality, ‘communication between the patient and healthcare team’ existed in most of the software. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the accuracy of administration of the dose of the drug using computer to reach a target international normalized ratio level was not less than those administered with experienced medical staff. In addition, the results indicated that important characteristics of the software include encryption in exchanging information, instruction module and Android-based instruction module. The most important characteristic was the interaction between the patient and the healthcare team.

Internet Based Interventions and Patient Generated Bio- and Self-monitoring Data: How to Use them for Self-management in Affective Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S22-S23
Author(s):  
U. Hegerl ◽  
C. Sander ◽  
N. Koburger
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Comparable Efficacy ◽  
Consistent Finding ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Face To Face

Even in developed countries only a small minority of patients with depression and bipolar disorders receives treatment according to guidelines and the treatment gaps are especially pronounced concerning psychotherapy.A variety of digital and internet based interventions have been developed mainly building on the principles of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). A quite consistent finding is superiority compared to control groups with largest effect sizes when compared to waiting list controls, however the evidence provided by such studies is questionable. More support for efficacy is provided by studies showing a comparable efficacy compared to face-to-face CBT, however sufficiently powered non-inferiority studies compared to antidepressants or face-to-face therapy are needed. Such studies are necessary for deciding whether digital intervention should be integrated in the health care system mainly as a self-management tool or as an alternative to regular treatment with psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy.A dynamic new area of research explores the value for self-management and treatment decision of longitudinal data generated by the patient via self-ratings, wearables and other biosensors as well as the pattern of smartphone use. Within the BMBF-funded study STEADY a platform will be developed which allows the individual patient to securely store and integrate these data and to analyze them using analytic tools involving time series analyses. An overview will be given of similar approaches started in the last years within mental health.Disclosure of interestWithin the last three years, Prof. Hegerl was an advisory board member for Lundbeck, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Servier and Otsuka Pharma a consultant for Bayer Pharma and a speaker for Medice Arzneimittel, Novartis and Roche Pharma.

scholarly journals Key stakeholder experiences of an integrated healthcare pilot in Australia: A thematic analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVEN TRANKLE ◽  
TIM USHERWOOD ◽  
PENELOPE ABBOTT ◽  
MARY ROBERTS ◽  
MICHAEL CRAMPTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Allied Health Professionals

Abstract BackgroundIn Australia and other developed countries, chronic illness prevalence is increasing, as are costs of healthcare, particularly hospital-based care. Integrating healthcare and supporting illness management in the community can be a means of preventing illness, improving outcomes and reducing unnecessary hospitalisation. Western Sydney has high rates of diabetes, heart and respiratory diseases and the NSW State Ministry of Health funded a range of key strategies through the Western Sydney Integrated Care Program (WSICP) to integrate care across hospital and community settings for patients with these illnesses. Complementing our previously reported analysis related to specific WSICP strategies, this research provided information concerning overall experiences and perspectives of WSICP implementation and integrated care generally.MethodsWe administered 125 in-depth interviews in two rounds over 12 months with 83 participants including patients and their carers, care facilitators, hospital specialists and nurses, allied health professionals, general practitioners and primary care nurses, and program managers. Half of the participants (n=42) were interviewed twice. We conducted an inductive, thematic analysis on the interview transcripts.ResultsKey themes related to the set-up and operationalising of WSICP; challenges encountered; and the added value of the program. Implementing WSICP was a large and time consuming undertaking but challenges including those with staffing and information technology were being addressed. The WSICP was considered valuable in reducing hospital admissions due to improved patient self-management and a focus on prevention, greater communication and collaboration between healthcare providers across health sectors and an increased capacity to manage chronic illness in the primary care setting.Conclusions Patients, carers and health providers experienced the WSICP as an innovative integrated care model and valued its patient-centred approach which was perceived to improve access to care, increase patient self-management and illness prevention, and reduce hospital admissions. Long-term sustainability of the WSICP will depend on retaining key staff, more effectively sharing information including across health sectors to support enhanced collaboration, and expanding the suite of activities into other illness areas and locations. Enhanced support for general practices to manage chronic illness in the community, in collaboration with hospital specialists is critical. Timely evaluation informs ongoing program implementation.

scholarly journals Key stakeholder experiences of an integrated healthcare pilot in Australia: A thematic analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Trankle ◽  
Tim Usherwood ◽  
Penelope Abbott ◽  
Mary Roberts ◽  
Michael Crampton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Allied Health Professionals

Abstract Background In Australia and other developed countries, chronic illness prevalence is increasing, as are costs of healthcare, particularly hospital-based care. Integrating healthcare and supporting illness management in the community can be a means of preventing illness, improving outcomes and reducing unnecessary hospitalisation. Western Sydney has high rates of diabetes, heart and respiratory diseases and the NSW State Ministry of Health funded a range of key strategies through the Western Sydney Integrated Care Program (WSICP) to integrate care across hospital and community settings for patients with these illnesses. Complementing our previously reported analysis related to specific WSICP strategies, this research provided information concerning overall experiences and perspectives of WSICP implementation and integrated care generally.Methods We administered 125 in-depth interviews in two rounds over 12 months with 83 participants including patients and their carers, care facilitators, hospital specialists and nurses, allied health professionals, general practitioners and primary care nurses, and program managers. Half of the participants (n=42) were interviewed twice. We conducted an inductive, thematic analysis on the interview transcripts.Results Key themes related to the set-up and operationalising of WSICP; challenges encountered; and the added value of the program. Implementing WSICP was a large and time consuming undertaking but challenges including those with staffing and information technology were being addressed. The WSICP was considered valuable in reducing hospital admissions due to improved patient self-management and a focus on prevention, greater communication and collaboration between healthcare providers across health sectors and an increased capacity to manage chronic illness in the primary care setting.Conclusions Patients, carers and health providers experienced the WSICP as an innovative integrated care model and valued its patient-centred approach which was perceived to improve access to care, increase patient self-management and illness prevention, and reduce hospital admissions. Long-term sustainability of the WSICP will depend on retaining key staff, more effectively sharing information including across health sectors to support enhanced collaboration, and expanding the suite of activities into other illness areas and locations. Enhanced support for general practices to manage chronic illness in the community, in collaboration with hospital specialists is critical. Timely evaluation informs ongoing program implementation.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Usability of eHealth Technologies in Stroke Survivors for Prevention of a New Stroke and Improvement of Self-Management: Phase III Randomized Control Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Leire Ortiz-Fernández ◽  
Joana Sagastagoya Zabala ◽  
Agustín Gutiérrez-Ruiz ◽  
Natale Imaz-Ayo ◽  
Ander Alava-Menica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Patient Report Outcome ◽  
Adult Survivor ◽  
Patient Report Outcome Measure

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of severe and long-term disability in developed countries. Around 15 million people suffer a stroke each year, being most of them ischemic due to modifiable risk factors. Adequate self-management abilities may help to manage the consequences of stroke, but it is unknown which specific intervention could be effective to booster these self-management abilities. Objective: To evaluate the improvement of self-management in chronic stroke survivors using decision support and self-management system (STARR). Methods: A randomized, prospective, parallel group, open, and the unicentric pilot trial will be performed. Stroke survivors and their caregivers will be randomly allocated to STARR management or standard of care. Main inclusion criteria are mild to moderate disabled first stroke adult survivor, living at home, able to cope and follow the guidelines and devices, without socio-familial exclusion. All will get a conventional treatment in the acute and subacute phase; however, in the chronic period, cases will use the developed STARR App and Decision Support System. Measurements will be performed at baseline, at 3 months, and at 6 months. Outcome measures are patient-report outcome measure of self-management competency, physical function, risk factor reduction, healthcare resource utilization, knowledge of the condition, mood, and social isolation. Discussion: If effective, the results of this study will enable stroke patients and their caregivers to deal better with the everyday life obstacles of stroke, improve the adherence of the treatment, improve the control of cardiovascular risk, and, in consequence, reduce the recurrence of secondary strokes, the number of complications, the number of consultations, and readmissions; to ultimately reduce the health systems costs. Taking into consideration that the number of stroke survivors is increasing around the world, a large number of individuals could profit from this intervention.

scholarly journals Diabetes distress and self-management in primary care in Singapore: explorations through illness perception

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Janice Quek ◽  
Grace Tan ◽  
Kokkwang Lim ◽  
Chee Khong Yap ◽  
Meiyin Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Diabetes Distress ◽  
Dietary Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interpersonal Distress

Background: Singapore was recently ranked the second highest in the percentage of diabetic individuals among developed countries’ populations. This study explored possible associations among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients’ perception of having this condition (illness perception), diabetes-related distress, and diabetes self-management with a view to understanding potentially useful emphases in health education and counselling for these patients in primary health care.Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 75 adults diagnosed with T2DM at five primary care clinics under National Healthcare Group Polyclinics completed three research questionnaires in English and Mandarin which assessed the participants’ perception of their own diabetic condition, experience of diabetes distress, and self-management behaviour.Results: Illness perception has specific dimensions (identity, consequence, and emotional representation) that correlated with specific aspects of diabetes distress (emotional burden, interpersonal distress, regimen distress, and overall diabetes distress). Further, overall diabetes distress correlated negatively with dietary control, physical activity, and overall self-management.Conclusions: Patients with TSDM may benefit most from health education and guidance that aim to reduce both their perception of diabetes’ impact on their lives and emotional reactivity in managing their diabetic condition.

Behavioral self-management of oral hygiene activities for student dentists

1985 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 718-720
Author(s):  
FD McGlynn ◽  
EL Mings ◽  
GS Marks ◽  
G Goebel
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Self Management

The Relationship Between Hearing Loss Self-Management and Hearing Aid Benefit and Satisfaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Convery ◽  
Gitte Keidser ◽  
Louise Hickson ◽  
Carly Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Hearing Aid Benefit ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Hearing loss self-management refers to the knowledge and skills people use to manage the effects of hearing loss on all aspects of their daily lives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-reported hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Method Thirty-seven adults with hearing loss, all of whom were current users of bilateral hearing aids, participated in this observational study. The participants completed self-report inventories probing their hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between individual domains of hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Results Participants who reported better self-management of the effects of their hearing loss on their emotional well-being and social participation were more likely to report less aided listening difficulty in noisy and reverberant environments and greater satisfaction with the effect of their hearing aids on their self-image. Participants who reported better self-management in the areas of adhering to treatment, participating in shared decision making, accessing services and resources, attending appointments, and monitoring for changes in their hearing and functional status were more likely to report greater satisfaction with the sound quality and performance of their hearing aids. Conclusion Study findings highlight the potential for using information about a patient's hearing loss self-management in different domains as part of clinical decision making and management planning.

A Case Study: Unique Challenges of an Adolescent Female With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-325
Author(s):  
Kimberly F. Frazier ◽  
Jessica Collier ◽  
Rachel Glade
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Adolescent Female ◽  
Social Thinking

Background The aim of this study was to determine the clinical efficacy of combining self-management strategies and a social thinking approach to address the social performance and executive function of an adolescent female with autism spectrum disorder. Method This research examined the effects of a social knowledge training program, “Think Social,” as well as strategies to improve higher order cognitive abilities. Results and Conclusion Although quantitative improvement was not found, several qualitative gains in behavior were noted for the participants of this study, suggesting a benefit from using structured environmental cues of self-management strategies, as well as improved social understanding through social cognitive training.

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