Nesfatin-1 Suppresses Gastric Contractions and Inhibits Interdigestive Migrating Contractions in Conscious Dogs

It has been suggested that 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) receptors are involved in the control of phase III contractions in the stomach. We examined the effect of depletion of endogenous 5-HT by p-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA) on spontaneously and motilin-induced phase III contractions in conscious dogs, and the effect of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (5,6-DHT) in an isolated perfused dog stomach. Three-day treatment with pCPA significantly reduced plasma 5-HT concentration and 5-HT content in the stomach, and strongly suppressed the spontaneous and motilin-induced phase III contractions in the stomach. When spontaneous phase III contractions recovered in the stomach after a 3-day treatment, exogenous motilin induced typical phase III-like contractions, and the 5-HT content in the muscle layer was recovered to the normal pretreatment level. In the perfused stomach, 5,6-DHT decreased 5-HT content in the muscle layer alone and abolished motilin-induced contractions. In conclusion, endogenous 5-HT, probably in 5-HT neurons, plays an important role in the control of interdigestive phase III activity by motilin in the stomach.

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Motility of the pyloric sphincter studied by the inductograph method in conscious dogs

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1988.254.5.g650 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 254 (5) ◽

pp. G650-G657 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

H. J. Ehrlein

Keyword(s):

Oleic Acid ◽

Gastric Emptying ◽

Hydrochloric Acid ◽

Phase I ◽

Pyloric Sphincter ◽

Conscious Dogs ◽

Phase Iii ◽

Luminal Flow ◽

The Mean ◽

Gastric Contractions

The aim of the study is to evaluate the motility of the pyloric sphincter in conscious dogs by means of extraluminal transducers. For this purpose induction coils were chronically implanted in 12 dogs. After a meal the pylorus opened and closed in relation to the gastric waves. The mean changes in pyloric diameter were 5.4 +/- 1.0 mm. During phase I of the interdigestive state, the mean degree of pyloric opening was 39 +/- 18%. Gastric contractions occurring during phase II or phase III were accompanied with a marked increase in pyloric diameter; the degree of pyloric opening was 93 +/- 12%. Duodenal instillations of hydrochloric acid or oleic acid significantly diminished the pyloric diameter. Nutrients added to a viscous meal also diminished the pyloric opening significantly in comparison with an acaloric meal. Results suggest that the pyloric sphincter is involved in the control of gastric emptying. The inductograph is a useful technique to study pyloric activity without impediment of luminal flow in animals.

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Structure-activity relation among macrolide antibiotics in initiation of interdigestive migrating contractions in the canine gastrointestinal tract

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1985.248.3.g320 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 248 (3) ◽

pp. G320-G325 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Z. Itoh ◽

T. Suzuki ◽

M. Nakaya ◽

M. Inoue ◽

H. Arai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Chemical Structure ◽

Conscious Dogs ◽

Macrolide Antibiotics ◽

Glycosidic Linkage ◽

Structure Activity ◽

Endogenous Release ◽

Interdigestive Migrating Contractions

The relation between the chemical structure of commercially available macrolide antibiotics and their activity in inducing interdigestive migrating contractions (IMC) was studied in conscious dogs. It was found that the 14-membered macrolides erythromycin and oleandomycin are active in inducing IMC in the stomach in association with the endogenous release of motilin. These erythromycin- and oleandomycin-induced contractions in the stomach migrated through the small intestine in a caudad direction. Conversely, 16-membered macrolide antibiotics such as leucomycin, acetylspiramycin, and tylosin do not induce any contractions in the stomach or stimulate endogenous release of motilin. These findings suggest that the IMC-inducing activity in macrolides seems to be closely related to their chemical configuration, i.e., the structure of 14-membered macrolides with dimethylaminosugar (desosamine) bound at C-5 and neutralsugar at C-3 in glycosidic linkage in parallel is likely to be necessary for IMC-inducing activity. The mechanisms by which erythromycin and oleandomycin stimulate endogenous motilin release are not known.

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Comparison of simultaneous recordings of gastric contractions by means of manometry and force transducers in conscious dogs

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/0016-5085(95)26917-7 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 108 (4) ◽

pp. A651

Keyword(s):

Conscious Dogs ◽

Force Transducers ◽

Gastric Contractions

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Interdigestive migrating contractions are coregulated by ghrelin and motilin in conscious dogs

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00078.2011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 302 (2) ◽

pp. R233-R241 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Atsushi Ogawa ◽

Erito Mochiki ◽

Mitsuhiro Yanai ◽

Hiroki Morita ◽

Yoshitaka Toyomasu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Conscious Dogs ◽

Phase Iii ◽

Motility Index ◽

Growth Hormone Secretagogue ◽

Plasma Motilin ◽

Interdigestive Migrating Contractions ◽

Rats And Mice ◽

The Relationship ◽

Gi Motility

During fasting, gastrointestinal (GI) motility is characterized by cyclical motor contractions. These contractions have been referred to as interdigestive migrating contractions (IMCs). In dogs and humans, IMCs are known to be regulated by motilin. However, in rats and mice, IMCs are regulated by ghrelin. It is not clear how these peptides influence each other in vivo. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between ghrelin and motilin in conscious dogs. Twenty healthy beagles were used in this study. Force transducers were implanted in the stomach, duodenum, and jejunum to monitor GI motility. Subsequent GI motility was recorded and quantified by calculating the motility index. In examination 1, blood samples were collected in the interdigestive state, and levels of plasma ghrelin and motilin were measured. Plasma motilin peaks were observed during every gastric phase III, and plasma ghrelin peaks occurred in nearly every early phase I. Plasma motilin and ghrelin levels increased and decreased cyclically with the interdigestive states. In examination 2, saline or canine ghrelin was administered intravenously during phase II and phase III. After injection of ghrelin, plasma motilin levels were measured. Ghrelin injection during phases II and III inhibited phase III contractions and decreased plasma motilin levels. In examination 3, ghrelin was infused in the presence of the growth hormone secretagogue receptors antagonist [d-Lys3]-GHRP-6. Continuous ghrelin infusion suppressed motilin release, an effect abrogated by the infusion of [d-Lys3]-GHRP-6. Examination 4 was performed to evaluate the plasma ghrelin response to motilin administration. Motilin infusion immediately decreased ghrelin levels. In this study, we demonstrated that motilin and ghrelin cooperatively control the function of gastric IMCs in conscious dogs. Our findings suggest that ghrelin regulates the function and release of motilin and that motilin may also regulate ghrelin.

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Evaluation of changes in gastrointestinal motility caused by altered thyroid function in conscious dogs

10.21203/rs.3.rs-196390/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nobuhiro Nakazawa ◽

Makoto Sohda ◽

Kyoichi Ogata ◽

Seded Baatar ◽

Yasunari Ubukata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormone ◽

Motor Activity ◽

Thyroid Function ◽

Gastrointestinal Motility ◽

Gastrointestinal Hormones ◽

Conscious Dogs ◽

High Dose ◽

Interdigestive Migrating Contractions ◽

The Relationship ◽

Upper Gastrointestinal

Abstract This study was conducted to clarify the relationship between thyroid function and gastrointestinal motility. We established an experimental configuration in which the feedback of thyroid function was completely removed using conscious dogs. With hypothyroidism, time of phase Ⅰ of interdigestive migrating contractions (IMC) was longer, time of phase Ⅱ and phase Ⅲ was significantly shortened, and both the continuous time of strong tetanic contraction at antrum and 10-hours frequency of phase Ⅲ counted from the first IMC after meal significantly decreased. Whereas, hyperthyroidism caused the opposite events to those with hypothyroidism. Furthermore, We found giant migrating contractions (GMC) occurred from the upper gastrointestinal tract when we administrated high dose of thyroid hormone. One GMC occurred from anal sides propagated to cardiac, and this propagation was similar to the emesis-like interdigestive motor activity, the other GMC occurred from oral sides propagated to anal sides and this was similar to the diarrhea-like interdigestive motor activity. We examined the relationship between thyroid function and gastrointestinal hormones including of ghrelin, GLP-1, and cholecystokinin (CCK). However, we could not find significant differences under different thyroid hormone status. This is the first report that thyroid hormone activated upper gastrointestinal motility without mediating gastrointestinal hormones.

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Effect of aortic impedance on heart performance in conscious dogs

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e536752008-001 ◽

1971 ◽

Author(s):

Vernon S. Bishop

Keyword(s):

Conscious Dogs ◽

Heart Performance ◽

Aortic Impedance

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ADRENAL 17-HYDROXYCORTICOSTEROID SECRETION IN THE DOG IN RESPONSE TO ETHANOL

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0700736 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 736-740 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

T. Suzuki ◽

R. Higashi ◽

T. Hirose ◽

H. Ikeda ◽

K. Tamura

Keyword(s):

Venous Blood ◽

Secretion Rate ◽

Conscious Dogs ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Before And After

ABSTRACT Conscious dogs were infused intravenously with ethanol in doses of 0.7 and 1.0 g/kg. The adrenal venous blood samples were collected before and after the infusion of ethanol and analysed for 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS). After the infusion of 0.7 g/kg (subanaesthetic dose) of ethanol the adrenal 17-OHCS secretion rate showed either a slight increase or no change. After the infusion of 1.0 g/kg (anaesthetic dose) of ethanol the adrenal 17-OHCS secretion rate increased markedly and reached 1.21±0.15 (mean±sem) μg/kg/min, while it was 0.09±0.023 μg/kg/min before the infusion.

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