Assessment of toxicity of heavy metal contaminated soils by the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yefang Sun ◽  
Zhengmiao Xie ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Jianming Xu ◽  
Zuliang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure ◽  
Leaching Procedure

scholarly journals Study on immobilization of diatomite, Ca(H2PO4)2, CaCO3, HAP and nano-HAP for heavy metal contaminated sediment

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-381
Author(s):  
Zhibin Zhang ◽  
Xianhui Shi ◽  
Yanhao Zhang ◽  
Shengrui Wang ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Contaminated Sediments ◽  
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure ◽  
Contaminated Sediment ◽  
Blank Group ◽  
Extraction Test ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Leaching Procedure

Abstract The immobilization performances of Diatomite, Ca(H2PO4)2, CaCO3, Hydroxyapatite (HAP) and Nano-HAP (n-HAP) for Zn, Mn, Pb, and Cd contaminated sediments were investigated by immobilization experiments and evaluated by the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) extraction test, toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). The result of BCR indicated that HAP and Nano-HAP (n-HAP) had a better immobilization effect on metal contaminated sediments, and the residual fractions of Zn, Mn, Pb, and Cd increased from 30.4, 31.9, 55.49 and 54.27% to 36, 39, 72, and 57%, respectively. The order for immobilized effects of additive was: n-HAP > HAP > CaCO3 > Ca(H2PO4)2 > diatomite. However, the cost-effectiveness of HAP was slightly higher than that of n-HAP, so HAP was more suitable for immobilization of heavy metals in sediment. The TCLP test showed that with HAP as immobilization the leaching amount was reduced by approximately 76, 28, 78, and 85% for Zn, Mn, Pb, and Cd, respectively, compared to the blank group. The results also proved that HAP would be an effective and economical agent for immobilizing heavy metals in sediment, with the optimum mass dosage of 10% (the mass ratios of HAP/sediment (dry weight)) of the sediment.

scholarly journals Speciation and environmental risk of heavy metals in biochars produced by pyrolysis of chicken manure and water-washed swine manure

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andong Wang ◽  
Dongsheng Zou ◽  
Xinyi Zeng ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
Xiaochen Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure ◽  
Leaching Procedure

AbstractThis study was conducted to investigate the speciation, bioavailability and environmental risk of heavy metals (HMs) in chicken manure (CM) and water-washed swine manure (WSM) and their biochars produced at different pyrolysis temperatures (200 to 800 °C). As the pyrolysis temperature increased, the remaining proportion, toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), HCl and diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) of HMs gradually declined. This result proved that the speciation of HMs in chicken manure biochars (CMB) and water-washed swine manure biochars (WSMB) was influenced by pyrolysis temperature. The proportions of stable fractions were enhanced with increased pyrolysis temperature and weakened the HM validity for vegetation at 800 °C. Finally, the results of the risk assessment showed that the environmental risk of HMs in CMB and WSMB decreased with increasing pyrolysis temperature. Therefore, pyrolysis at 800 °C can provide a practical approach to lessen the initial and underlying heavy metal toxicity of CMB and WSMB to the environment.

Cement Based Solidification / Stabilization of Industrial Contaminated Soil Using Various Cement Additives

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grega E. Voglar ◽  
Domen Lestan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Industrial Site ◽  
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Regulatory Limits ◽  
Cumulative Mass ◽  
Leaching Procedure

In a laboratory study, 15% (w/w) of ordinary portland cement (OPC), black portland cement (BPC) and puculanic cement (PC) combined with various cement additives were used for solidification/stabilization (S/S) of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni and As contaminated soils from the former industrial site. Soil formed solid monoliths with all cements and cement additives. S/S effectiveness was assessed by measuring the mechanical strength of the monoliths, concentrations of metals in deionised water and TCLP (Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure) soil extracts, and mass transfer of metals. Concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn and Ni in water extracts from S/S soils generally decreased, while concentrations of As and Cu increased. Concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu and Ni in the TCLP extracts from S/S mixes were lower than from original soil, while the extractability of As from S/S mixes increased. Overall, the concentration of metals in TCLP solution, obtained after extraction of the S/S mixes, was below the regulatory limits. S/S greatly reduced the mass transfer of Cd (up to 21.5-times), Pb (up to 114-times) and Zn (up to 999-times). Mass transfer of Ni was generally also reduced, while that of Cu and As increased in some S/S mixes. In general, monoliths made with OPC present higher cumulative mass of PTMs leached than those with BPC and PC.

Stabilization of Chromium(VI) from Chromic Slag with Two Types of Thiol Collectors

2011 ◽  
Vol 414 ◽  
pp. 186-190
Author(s):  
Qing Ping Lu ◽  
Chang Sheng Jiang ◽  
Qing Ju Hao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure ◽  
Horizontal Vibration ◽  
Vibration Method ◽  
Ethyl Xanthate ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Leaching Procedure

Two thiol collectors, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) and potassium ethyl xanthate (EXT), were adopted to stabilize hexavalent chromium from chromic slag. The average usage of each thiol collector is 62.5 μmol∙g-1 in chromic slag. The leaching characteristic of Cr6+ in chromic slag was analyzed according to the acidic extraction process with the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and the procedures of extraction in water with the horizontal vibration method (HMV). Under the 0.1 mol∙L-1 TCLP and HMV conditions, we compared them with FeSO4 and found that two thiol collectors presented better stabilization effects for Chromium (VI) from chromic slag, especially the effect by DDTC is more stabilized than that by EXT. The rate of their stabilized treatments is 78.42% and 83.18%, respectively, which both are obviously higher than that by FeSO4. Heavy metal-thiol collectors such as flocculent mass is more stabilized under the neutral and alkalized conditions (pH>8), but it may be partly dissolved under the acidic conditions (pH<6) and the leaching amount of Cr6+ from chromic slag will increase quickly with pH decreasing.

Immobilization Efficiency Evaluation by Using Tessier, TCLP and SBET Method for As, Cu and Pb Contaminated Soils

2014 ◽  
Vol 909 ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Xiao ◽  
Wan Qiu Yang ◽  
Liang Shen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Chemical Stability ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Efficiency Evaluation ◽  
Extraction Test ◽  
Leaching Procedure ◽  
Heavy Metals In Soils

In this paper, Tessier sequence extract procedure (SEP), toxicity leaching procedure (TCLP) and simple bioaccessibility extraction test (SBET) were employed to evaluate the immobile efficiencies for As, Cu and Pb contaminated soils. Experimental results indicated that the TCLP was efficient to extract the most active part heavy metal and evaluate the risk of the samples; the Tessier method divided heavy metals in soils to different fractions. Monitoring the changes of different fractions during the immobilizing procedure could help fully understand the mechanism of stabilization. The SBET method simulated the human digest system, thus it could be used to evaluate the risk changes to human during the immobilizing process; and to reveal the potential risk of chemical stability. In our project, these three evaluate method should be utilized properly to help accessing the risk, electing suitable immobilizing method and evaluating the efficiency of stabilization.

scholarly journals Chemical Properties of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils from a Korean Military Shooting Range: Evaluation of Pb Sources Using Pb Isotope Ratios

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7099
Author(s):  
Inkyeong Moon ◽  
Honghyun Kim ◽  
Sangjo Jeong ◽  
Hyungjin Choi ◽  
Jungtae Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Shooting Range ◽  
Geochemical Properties ◽  
Mineral Phases

In this study, the geochemical properties of heavy metal-contaminated soils from a Korean military shooting range were analyzed. The chemical behavior of heavy metals was determined by analyzing the soil pH, heavy metal concentration, mineral composition, and Pb isotopes. In total, 24 soil samples were collected from a Korean military shooting range. The soil samples consist of quartz, albite, microcline, muscovite/illite, kaolinite, chlorite, and calcite. Lead minerals, such as hydrocerussite and anglesite, which are indicative of a transformation into secondary mineral phases, were not observed. All soils were strongly contaminated with Pb with minor concentrations of Cu, Ni, Cd, and Zn. Arsenic was rarely detected. The obtained results are indicated that the soils from the shooting range are contaminated with heavy metals and have evidences of different degree of anthropogenic Pb sources. This study is crucial for the evaluation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in shooting ranges and their environmental effect as well as for the establishment of management strategies for the mitigation of environmental risks.

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