scholarly journals Estimating the asymptomatic proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population: Analysis of nationwide serosurvey data in the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. McDonald ◽  
Fuminari Miura ◽  
Eric R. A. Vos ◽  
Michiel van Boven ◽  
Hester E. de Melker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Attributable Risk ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Additive Regression ◽  
June July

Abstract Background The proportion of SARS-CoV-2 positive persons who are asymptomatic—and whether this proportion is age-dependent—are still open research questions. Because an unknown proportion of reported symptoms among SARS-CoV-2 positives will be attributable to another infection or affliction, the observed, or 'crude' proportion without symptoms may underestimate the proportion of persons without symptoms that are caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods Based on two rounds of a large population-based serological study comprising test results on seropositivity and self-reported symptom history conducted in April/May and June/July 2020 in the Netherlands (n = 7517), we estimated the proportion of reported symptoms among those persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 that is attributable to this infection, where the set of relevant symptoms fulfills the ECDC case definition of COVID-19, using inferential methods for the attributable risk (AR). Generalised additive regression modelling was used to estimate the age-dependent relative risk (RR) of reported symptoms, and the AR and asymptomatic proportion (AP) were calculated from the fitted RR. Results Using age-aggregated data, the 'crude' AP was 37% but the model-estimated AP was 65% (95% CI 63–68%). The estimated AP varied with age, from 74% (95% CI 65–90%) for < 20 years, to 61% (95% CI 57–65%) for the 50–59 years age-group. Conclusion Whereas the 'crude' AP represents a lower bound for the proportion of persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 without COVID-19 symptoms, the AP as estimated via an attributable risk approach represents an upper bound. Age-specific AP estimates can inform the implementation of public health actions such as targetted virological testing and therefore enhance containment strategies.

scholarly journals Estimating the asymptomatic proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population: Analysis of a nationwide serosurvey in the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. McDonald ◽  
Fuminari Miura ◽  
Eric R.A. Vos ◽  
Michiel van Boven ◽  
Hester E. de Melker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Attributable Risk ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Additive Regression

Background. The proportion of SARS-CoV-2 positive persons who are asymptomatic - and whether this proportion is age-dependent - are still open research questions. Because an unknown proportion of reported symptoms among SARS-CoV-2 positives will be attributable to another infection or affliction, the observed, or 'crude' proportion without symptoms may underestimate the proportion of persons without symptoms that are caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods. Based on a large population-based serological study comprising test results on seropositivity and self-reported symptom history conducted in April/May 2020 in the Netherlands (n=3147), we estimated the proportion of reported symptoms among those persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 that is attributable to this infection, where the set of relevant symptoms fulfills the ECDC case definition of COVID-19, using inferential methods for the attributable risk (AR). Generalised additive regression modelling was used to estimate the age-dependent relative risk (RR) of reported symptoms, and the AR and asymptomatic proportion (AP) were calculated from the fitted RR. Results. Using age-aggregated data, the estimated AP was 70% (95% CI: 65-77%). The estimated AP decreased with age, from 80% (95% CI: 67-100%) for the <20 years age-group, to 55% (95% CI: 48-68%) for the 70+ years age-group. Conclusion. Whereas the 'crude' AP represents a lower bound for the proportion of persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 without COVID-19 symptoms, the AP as estimated via an attributable risk approach represents an upper bound. Age-specific AP estimates can inform the implementation of public health actions such as targetted virological testing and therefore enhance containment strategies.

scholarly journals SURVIVAL ADVANTAGE OF APOE2

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S621-S621
Author(s):  
Sudha Seshadri
Keyword(s):  
Lower Risk ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ε4 Allele

Abstract Apolipoprotein E is a glycoprotein mediator and regulator of lipid transport and uptake. The APOE-ε4 allele has been associated with higher risk of Alzheimer’s disease and of mortality, but the effect of the less prevalent APOE-ε2 on survival remains elusive. We aggregated data of 38,537 individuals of European ancestry (mean age 65.5 years; 55.6% women) from six large population-based cohorts to determine the association of APOE-ε2, with survival in the general population. During a mean follow-up of 11.7 years, 17,021 individuals died. Compared with homozygous APOE-ε3 carriers, APOE-ε2 carriers were at lower risk of death (hazard ratio,95% confidence interval: 0.94,0.90-0.99; P=1.1*10-2), whereas APOE-ε4 carriers were at increased risk (HR 1.17,1.12-1.21; P=2.8*10-16). Risk was lowest for homozygous APOE-ε2 (HR 0.89,0.74-1.08), and highest for homozygous APOE-ε4 (HR 1.52,1.37-1.70). Results did not differ by sex. The association was unaltered after adjustment for baseline LDL or cardiovascular disease. Larger, multiethnic collaborations are ongoing.

Definitions of medication-overuse headache in population-based studies and their implications on prevalence estimates: A systematic review

Cephalalgia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 409-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria L Westergaard ◽  
Ebba Holme Hansen ◽  
Charlotte Glümer ◽  
Jes Olesen ◽  
Rigmor H Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Medication Overuse ◽  
Medication Overuse Headache ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Concurrent Medication ◽  
Over Time

Background Case definitions of medication-overuse headache (MOH) in population-based research have changed over time. This study aims to review MOH prevalence reports with respect to these changes, and to propose a practical case definition for future studies based on the ICHD-3 beta. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted to identify MOH prevalence studies. Findings were summarized according to diagnostic criteria. Results Twenty-seven studies were included. The commonly used case definition for MOH was headache ≥15 days/month with concurrent medication overuse ≥3 months. There were varying definitions for what was considered as overuse. Studies that all used ICHD-2 criteria showed a wide range of prevalence among adults: 0.5%–7.2%. Conclusions There are limits to comparing prevalence of MOH across studies and over time. The wide range of reported prevalence might not only be due to changing criteria, but also the diversity of countries now publishing data. The criterion “headache occurring on ≥15 days per month” with concurrent medication overuse can be applied in population-based studies. However, the new requirement that a respondent must have “a preexisting headache disorder” has not been previously validated. Exclusion of other headache diagnoses by expert evaluation and ancillary examinations is not feasible in large population-based studies.

The Risk of Venous Thrombosis in Different Immigrant Groups in the Netherlands

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 3393-3393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suely M Rezende ◽  
Willem M. Lijfering ◽  
Frits R. Rosendaal ◽  
Suzanne C. Cannegieter
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Factor V Leiden ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Southeast Asians ◽  
Second Generation Immigrants

Abstract Abstract 3393 Background: Ethnic differences in the incidence of venous thrombosis have been appreciated for many years. However, with few exceptions, most of the studies on this subject were based on administrative databases from North America and China. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of venous thrombosis in different first and second generation immigrant groups included in a large population-based case-control study, performed in the Netherlands. Methods: This study was performed using data from the MEGA study (Multiple Environmental and Genetic Assessment of risk factors for venous thrombosis-study), a large, population based case-control study on risk factors for venous thrombosis from the Netherlands. Inclusion criteria consisted of patients and controls whom information were available on the country of birth. For the analysis related to immigration background, patients were compared with random digit dialing (RDD) controls. First generation immigrants were classified as those who were born outside the Netherlands. Second generation immigrants were similarly defined as first generation immigrants, except that second immigrants were born in the Netherlands, while both parents were born in one of aforementioned other countries. In total, 6899 participants were included, of whom 4300 patients and 2599 RDD controls. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated as estimates of the relative risk, and were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, hormonal factors, alcohol consumption, physical activity and malignancy by unconditional logistic regression. Results: The risk of venous thrombosis varied according to the region of birth (Table 1). When compared with the Dutch, Eastern Europeans reached the highest and East/Southeast Asians the lowest risk of venous thrombosis with OR of 2.35, (95% CI, 1.09–4.59) and 0.44 (95% CI, 0.29–0.68), respectively after multivariate adjustments. Caribeans showed an intermediate lower risk of 0.69 (95% CI, 0.36–1.30) after multivariate adjustments (Table 1). We did not observe a major difference on the risk for VT between first and second generation immigrants, although the number of second generation immigrants was small for some groups. Subgroup analysis did not show major differences according to immigration groups, except for Eastern Europeans, who had a higher risk for unprovoked event with OR of 3.79 (95% CI, 1.44–9.97) and East/Southeast Asians with higher risk for pulmonary embolism with OR of 0.60 (95% CI, 0.36–1.0) (Table 2). In comparison with Dutch controls, East/Southeast Asians controls had lower prevalence of factor V Leiden (6% and 1%, respectively) and prothrombin mutation (2% and 1%, respectively) but higher blood group non-O (54% and 62%, respectively). Risk of VT in East/Southeast Asians adjusted for age, sex, factor V Leiden and blood group non-O was 0.53 (95% CI, 0.35–0.80). Analysis of a panel of procoagulant, anticoagulant, profibrinolytic and genetic factors are underway and is expected to be available before the ASH conference of 2012. Conclusions: The risk of VT varies in different populations. The risk of VT in East/Southeast Asians was the lowest and was virtually unchanged after adjustment for several environmental and genetic known risk factors for VT. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

High prevalence of pain in patients with cancer in a large population-based study in The Netherlands

Pain ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke H.J. van den Beuken-van Everdingen ◽  
Janneke M. de Rijke ◽  
Alfons G. Kessels ◽  
Harry C. Schouten ◽  
Maarten van Kleef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Pain

Su1313 Epidemiology and Characteristics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Large Population-Based Cohort in the Netherlands

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. S-471-S-472
Author(s):  
Elisabeth J. de Groof ◽  
Noortje Rossen ◽  
Bram D. van Rhijn ◽  
Evert Karregat ◽  
Kirsten Boonstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals Identification of Twin Pairs From Large Population-Based Samples

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinand Webbink ◽  
Jaap Roeleveld ◽  
Peter M. Visscher
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Data Coding ◽  
And Performance

AbstractThe basis of most twin studies is the ascertainment of twins, often through twin registries, and determination of zygosity. The current rate of twin births in many industrialized countries implies that in the near future around 3% or more of individuals will be a twin. Hence, there are and will be a lot of twins around and many of those will not participate in twin studies. However, if large population-based samples are available that include appropriate identifiers, then twins can be detected and twin studies performed, even in the absence of zygosity information. We quantified the number of twin pairs that could be detected from a longitudinal survey in the Netherlands, which aims to answer questions about educational strategies and performance in primary education in the Netherlands. We detected 2865 twin pairs if we used a coded name identifier, date of birth, school, grade and year of survey, which is 2.01% of 284,945 pupils in five cohorts. Relaxing our selection criteria increased the number of apparent twin pairs identified, most of which are false positives due to chance matching of identification criteria. We show that the intraclass correlation on measured phenotypes can be used as a quality control measure for twin identification, and quantify the proportion of false negatives (true twin pairs not identified) due to missing data and data coding errors. We compared our estimated rate of twins in the sample to census data and estimate that with our most stringent selection criteria we detect more than 80% of all twin pairs in the sample. We conclude that the identification of twin pairs from large population-based samples is feasible, rapid and accurate if the appropriate identifiers are available, and that twin pairs from such sources are a valuable resource for studies to answer scientific question about twins versus nontwins and about genetic and environmental factors of twin resemblance.

Distribution of antiphospholipid antibodies in a large population-based German cohort

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davit Manukyan ◽  
Heidi Rossmann ◽  
Andreas Schulz ◽  
Tanja Zeller ◽  
Norbert Pfeiffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiphospholipid Antibodies ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Gutenberg Health Study ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
History Of

AbstractBackground:Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is the most common acquired thrombophilia. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) above the 99th percentile of a reference group. Data on the distribution of aPL in the population are limited. The distribution of aPL including diagnostic cutoffs should be determined in a population-based cohort.Methods:The Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) is a population-based cohort aged 35–74 years. We determined the presence of antibodies against cardiolipin (aCL, IgG, and IgM), βResults:aPL titers were similar in the whole sample and in an apparently healthy subgroup of 1049 individuals. There was a strong age-dependent increase of both aCL and anti-β2GPI IgM, while aPL IgG titers were stable or tended to decrease with age. A relevant decrease was observed for aCL IgG in women and anti-domain 1 IgG in both sexes. There was no association of aPL titers with a history of venous thromboembolism (VTE).Conclusions:Our data show that for IgM aPL, age-dependent reference ranges should be used. In fact, the controversy regarding the clinical utility of IgM aPL might be related to the use of inappropriate reference ranges among other causes. In our population, aPLs were not associated with a history of VTE.

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