Marker-assisted selection of low erucic acid quantity in short duration Brassica rapa

Yield potentials of spring turnip rape (Brassica rapa L.) synthetics and composite hybrids were compared with those of open-pollinated commercial cultivars during a 3-yr period (2000–2002). The trials included 16 synthetics and 25 composite hybrids derived from 22 different parent lines, as well as five open-pollinated commercial cultivars. All of the material tested had low erucic acid and glucosinolate contents and was well adapted for cultivation in southern Finland. The composite hybrids, which were tested for the first time in turnip rape, exhibited significantly higher seed yields than open-pollinated cultivars. The maximum commercial heterosis in seed yield was 18% in synthetics and 23% in composite hybrids. Both synthetics and composite hybrids showed better resistance to lodging than commercial cultivars. When studying the effect of commercial heterosis on seed yield, a high degree of variation was observed both within the synthetics and the composite hybrids. This result highlights the importance of testing parental combinations in turnip rape in order to find combinations that give the strongest heterotic effect. Key words: Turnip rape, Brassica rapa, synthetic, composite hybrid, seed yield, commercial heterosis

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Mapping QTL for spike fertility and related traits in two doubled haploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) populations

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-021-03061-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nicole Pretini ◽

Leonardo S. Vanzetti ◽

Ignacio I. Terrile ◽

Guillermo Donaire ◽

Fernanda G. González

Keyword(s):

Doubled Haploid ◽

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Physiological Model ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Per Se ◽

Genomic Regions ◽

Fertility Traits ◽

Selection Of

Abstract Background In breeding programs, the selection of cultivars with the highest yield potential consisted in the selection of the yield per se, which resulted in cultivars with higher grains per spike (GN) and occasionally increased grain weight (GW) (main numerical components of the yield). In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) for GW, GN and spike fertility traits related to GN determination were mapped using two doubled haploid (DH) populations (Baguette Premium 11 × BioINTA 2002 and Baguette 19 × BioINTA 2002). Results In total 305 QTL were identified for 14 traits, out of which 12 QTL were identified in more than three environments and explained more than 10% of the phenotypic variation in at least one environment. Eight hotspot regions were detected on chromosomes 1A, 2B, 3A, 5A, 5B, 7A and 7B in which at least two major and stable QTL sheared confidence intervals. QTL on two of these regions (R5A.1 and R5A.2) have previously been described, but the other six regions are novel. Conclusions Based on the pleiotropic analysis within a robust physiological model we conclude that two hotspot genomic regions (R5A.1 and R5A.2) together with the QGW.perg-6B are of high relevance to be used in marker assisted selection in order to improve the spike yield potential. All the QTL identified for the spike related traits are the first step to search for their candidate genes, which will allow their better manipulation in the future.

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In Vitro Production of Somaclones with Decreased Erucic Acid Content in Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern&Coss]

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10071297 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1297

Author(s):

Chitralekha Shyam ◽

Manoj Tripathi ◽

Sushma Tiwari ◽

Niraj Tripathi ◽

Ravindra Solanki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Erucic Acid ◽

Acid Content ◽

Indian Mustard ◽

Mother Plant ◽

Erucic Acid Content ◽

Oilseed Crop ◽

In Vitro Production ◽

Somaclonal Variations ◽

Low Erucic Acid

Brassica junceais a crucial cultivated mustard species and principal oilseed crop of India and Madhya Pradesh, grown for diverse vegetables, condiments, and oilseeds. Somaclonal variation was explored as a probable source of additional variability for the manipulation of fatty acids, especially low erucic acid contents that may be valuable for this commercially important plant species. The plantlets regenerated from tissue cultures (R0), their R1 generation and respective parental lines were compared for morpho-physiological traits and fatty acid profile for the probable existence of somaclonal variations. The first putative somaclone derived from genotype CS54 contained 5.48% and 5.52% erucic acid in R0 and R1 regenerants, respectively, compared to the mother plant (41.36%). In comparison, the second somaclone acquired from PM30 exhibited a complete absence of erucic acid corresponding to its mother plant (1.07%). These putative somaclones present a source of variation for exploitation in the development of future mustard crops with low erucic acid content.

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