Molecular-weight distribution of linear polycondensation polymers. Flory theory

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 337-355
Author(s):  
L. N. Mizerovskii ◽  
V. A. Padokhin
1967 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1084-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack B. Carmichael ◽  
James Heffel

Abstract Data are reported for the equilibrium molecular size distributions of cyclic and linear methylsiloxanes in five polymers with number average molecular weights ranging from 459 to 1348. The distributions of linear species agree with the earlier work of Scott and agree reasonably well with the Flory theory of random reorganization. The amounts of cyclic molecules are sharply dependent on molecular weight. However, the equilibrium constants for cyclic formation for cyclic species with four to eight units are shown to be virtually identical with the equilibrium constants for cyclic formation in high molecular weight polymers reported in a previous publication. For octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, Kav in moles of siloxane units per liter was found to be 0.72 in this study. For high polymers, Kav was previously reported to be 0.74.


2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Normah Ismail ◽  
Nur' Ain Mohamad Kharoe

Unripe and ripe bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) were ground and the extracted juices were partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation at the concentrations of 40 and 60% (w/v). The collected proteases were analysed for pH, temperature stability, storage stability, molecular weight distribution, protein concentration and protein content. Protein content of bilimbi fruit was 0.89 g. Protease activity of both the unripe and ripe fruit were optimum at pH 4 and 40°C when the juice were purified at 40 and 60% ammonium sulfate precipitation. A decreased in protease activity was observed during the seven days of storage at 4°C. Molecular weight distribution indicated that the proteases protein bands fall between IO to 220 kDa. Protein bands were observed at 25, 50 and 160 kDa in both the unripe and ripe bilimbi proteases purified with 40% ammonium sulfate, however, the bands were more intense in those from unripe bilimbi. No protein bands were seen in proteases purified with 60% ammonium sulfate. Protein concentration was higher for proteases extracted with 40% ammonium sulfate at both ripening stages. Thus, purification using 40% ammonium sulfate precipitation could be a successful method to partially purify proteases from bilimbi especially from the unripe stage. 


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